? solrconfig.xml配置文件中包含了很多solr自身配置相關的參數,solrconfig.xml配置文件示例可以從solr的解壓目錄下找到，如圖：
?用文本編輯軟件打開solrconfig.xml配置，你將會看到以下配置內容：
Xml代碼??
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="UTF-8"??>??<!--???Licensed?to?the?Apache?Software?Foundation?(ASF)?under?one?or?more???contributor?license?agreements.??See?the?NOTICE?file?distributed?with???this?work?for?additional?information?regarding?copyright?ownership.???The?ASF?licenses?this?file?to?You?under?the?Apache?License,?Version?2.0???(the?"License");?you?may?not?use?this?file?except?in?compliance?with???the?License.??You?may?obtain?a?copy?of?the?License?at?????????http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0?????Unless?required?by?applicable?law?or?agreed?to?in?writing,?software???distributed?under?the?License?is?distributed?on?an?"AS?IS"?BASIS,???WITHOUT?WARRANTIES?OR?CONDITIONS?OF?ANY?KIND,?either?express?or?implied.???See?the?License?for?the?specific?language?governing?permissions?and???limitations?under?the?License.??-->????<!--????????For?more?details?about?configurations?options?that?may?appear?in???????this?file,?see?http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SolrConfigXml.???-->??<config>????<!--?In?all?configuration?below,?a?prefix?of?"solr."?for?class?names?????????is?an?alias?that?causes?solr?to?search?appropriate?packages,?????????including?org.apache.solr.(search|update|request|core|analysis)???????????You?may?also?specify?a?fully?qualified?Java?classname?if?you?????????have?your?own?custom?plugins.??????-->??????<!--?Controls?what?version?of?Lucene?various?components?of?Solr?????????adhere?to.??Generally,?you?want?to?use?the?latest?version?to?????????get?all?bug?fixes?and?improvements.?It?is?highly?recommended?????????that?you?fully?re-index?after?changing?this?setting?as?it?can?????????affect?both?how?text?is?indexed?and?queried.????-->????<luceneMatchVersion>5.1.0</luceneMatchVersion>??????<!--?Data?Directory???????????Used?to?specify?an?alternate?directory?to?hold?all?index?data?????????other?than?the?default?./data?under?the?Solr?home.??If?????????replication?is?in?use,?this?should?match?the?replication?????????configuration.??????-->??????????<dataDir>C:\solr_home\core1\data</dataDir>??????<!--?The?DirectoryFactory?to?use?for?indexes.??????????????????solr.StandardDirectoryFactory?is?filesystem?????????based?and?tries?to?pick?the?best?implementation?for?the?current?????????JVM?and?platform.??solr.NRTCachingDirectoryFactory,?the?default,?????????wraps?solr.StandardDirectoryFactory?and?caches?small?files?in?memory?????????for?better?NRT?performance.???????????One?can?force?a?particular?implementation?via?solr.MMapDirectoryFactory,?????????solr.NIOFSDirectoryFactory,?or?solr.SimpleFSDirectoryFactory.???????????solr.RAMDirectoryFactory?is?memory?based,?not?????????persistent,?and?doesn't?work?with?replication.??????-->????<directoryFactory?name="DirectoryFactory"???????????????????????class="${solr.directoryFactory:solr.NRTCachingDirectoryFactory}">????</directoryFactory>???????<!--?The?CodecFactory?for?defining?the?format?of?the?inverted?index.?????????The?default?implementation?is?SchemaCodecFactory,?which?is?the?official?Lucene?????????index?format,?but?hooks?into?the?schema?to?provide?per-field?customization?of?????????the?postings?lists?and?per-document?values?in?the?fieldType?element?????????(postingsFormat/docValuesFormat).?Note?that?most?of?the?alternative?implementations?????????are?experimental,?so?if?you?choose?to?customize?the?index?format,?it's?a?good?????????idea?to?convert?back?to?the?official?format?e.g.?via?IndexWriter.addIndexes(IndexReader)?????????before?upgrading?to?a?newer?version?to?avoid?unnecessary?reindexing.????-->????<codecFactory?class="solr.SchemaCodecFactory"/>??????<schemaFactory?class="ClassicIndexSchemaFactory"/>??????<!--?~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?????????Index?Config?-?These?settings?control?low-level?behavior?of?indexing?????????Most?example?settings?here?show?the?default?value,?but?are?commented?????????out,?to?more?easily?see?where?customizations?have?been?made.??????????????????Note:?This?replaces?<indexDefaults>?and?<mainIndex>?from?older?versions?????????~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?-->????<indexConfig>????????<!--?LockFactory??????????????This?option?specifies?which?Lucene?LockFactory?implementation???????????to?use.???????????????????single?=?SingleInstanceLockFactory?-?suggested?for?a????????????????????read-only?index?or?when?there?is?no?possibility?of????????????????????another?process?trying?to?modify?the?index.???????????native?=?NativeFSLockFactory?-?uses?OS?native?file?locking.????????????????????Do?not?use?when?multiple?solr?webapps?in?the?same????????????????????JVM?are?attempting?to?share?a?single?index.???????????simple?=?SimpleFSLockFactory??-?uses?a?plain?file?for?locking?????????????Defaults:?'native'?is?default?for?Solr3.6?and?later,?otherwise?????????????????????'simple'?is?the?default?????????????More?details?on?the?nuances?of?each?LockFactory...???????????http://wiki.apache.org/lucene-java/AvailableLockFactories??????-->??????<lockType>${solr.lock.type:native}</lockType>????????<!--?Lucene?Infostream????????????????????To?aid?in?advanced?debugging,?Lucene?provides?an?"InfoStream"???????????of?detailed?information?when?indexing.?????????????Setting?the?value?to?true?will?instruct?the?underlying?Lucene???????????IndexWriter?to?write?its?info?stream?to?solr's?log.?By?default,???????????this?is?enabled?here,?and?controlled?through?log4j.properties.????????-->???????<infoStream>true</infoStream>????</indexConfig>????????<!--?JMX??????????????????This?example?enables?JMX?if?and?only?if?an?existing?MBeanServer?????????is?found,?use?this?if?you?want?to?configure?JMX?through?JVM?????????parameters.?Remove?this?to?disable?exposing?Solr?configuration?????????and?statistics?to?JMX.???????????For?more?details?see?http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SolrJmx??????-->????<jmx?/>????<!--?If?you?want?to?connect?to?a?particular?server,?specify?the?????????agentId???????-->???????????????????????<updateHandler?class="solr.DirectUpdateHandler2">????????<!--?Enables?a?transaction?log,?used?for?real-time?get,?durability,?and???????????and?solr?cloud?replica?recovery.??The?log?can?grow?as?big?as???????????uncommitted?changes?to?the?index,?so?use?of?a?hard?autoCommit???????????is?recommended?(see?below).???????????"dir"?-?the?target?directory?for?transaction?logs,?defaults?to?the??????????????????solr?data?directory.??-->???????<updateLog>????????<str?name="dir">${solr.ulog.dir:}</str>??????</updateLog>?????????<!--?AutoCommit?????????????Perform?a?hard?commit?automatically?under?certain?conditions.???????????Instead?of?enabling?autoCommit,?consider?using?"commitWithin"???????????when?adding?documents.??????????????http://wiki.apache.org/solr/UpdateXmlMessages?????????????maxDocs?-?Maximum?number?of?documents?to?add?since?the?last?????????????????????commit?before?automatically?triggering?a?new?commit.?????????????maxTime?-?Maximum?amount?of?time?in?ms?that?is?allowed?to?pass?????????????????????since?a?document?was?added?before?automatically?????????????????????triggering?a?new?commit.????????????openSearcher?-?if?false,?the?commit?causes?recent?index?changes?????????????to?be?flushed?to?stable?storage,?but?does?not?cause?a?new?????????????searcher?to?be?opened?to?make?those?changes?visible.?????????????If?the?updateLog?is?enabled,?then?it's?highly?recommended?to???????????have?some?sort?of?hard?autoCommit?to?limit?the?log?size.????????-->???????<autoCommit>??????????<maxTime>${solr.autoCommit.maxTime:15000}</maxTime>??????????<openSearcher>false</openSearcher>????????</autoCommit>????????<!--?softAutoCommit?is?like?autoCommit?except?it?causes?a???????????'soft'?commit?which?only?ensures?that?changes?are?visible???????????but?does?not?ensure?that?data?is?synced?to?disk.??This?is???????????faster?and?more?near-realtime?friendly?than?a?hard?commit.????????-->???????<autoSoftCommit>??????????<maxTime>${solr.autoSoftCommit.maxTime:-1}</maxTime>????????</autoSoftCommit>??????</updateHandler>????????<!--?~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?????????Query?section?-?these?settings?control?query?time?things?like?caches?????????~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?-->????<query>??????<!--?Max?Boolean?Clauses?????????????Maximum?number?of?clauses?in?each?BooleanQuery,??an?exception???????????is?thrown?if?exceeded.?????????????**?WARNING?**??????????????????????This?option?actually?modifies?a?global?Lucene?property?that???????????will?affect?all?SolrCores.??If?multiple?solrconfig.xml?files???????????disagree?on?this?property,?the?value?at?any?given?moment?will???????????be?based?on?the?last?SolrCore?to?be?initialized.???????????????????-->??????<maxBooleanClauses>1024</maxBooleanClauses>??????????<!--?Solr?Internal?Query?Caches?????????????There?are?two?implementations?of?cache?available?for?Solr,???????????LRUCache,?based?on?a?synchronized?LinkedHashMap,?and???????????FastLRUCache,?based?on?a?ConcurrentHashMap.???????????????FastLRUCache?has?faster?gets?and?slower?puts?in?single???????????threaded?operation?and?thus?is?generally?faster?than?LRUCache???????????when?the?hit?ratio?of?the?cache?is?high?(>?75%),?and?may?be???????????faster?under?other?scenarios?on?multi-cpu?systems.??????-->????????<!--?Filter?Cache?????????????Cache?used?by?SolrIndexSearcher?for?filters?(DocSets),???????????unordered?sets?of?*all*?documents?that?match?a?query.??When?a???????????new?searcher?is?opened,?its?caches?may?be?prepopulated?or???????????"autowarmed"?using?data?from?caches?in?the?old?searcher.???????????autowarmCount?is?the?number?of?items?to?prepopulate.??For???????????LRUCache,?the?autowarmed?items?will?be?the?most?recently???????????accessed?items.?????????????Parameters:?????????????class?-?the?SolrCache?implementation?LRUCache?or?????????????????(LRUCache?or?FastLRUCache)?????????????size?-?the?maximum?number?of?entries?in?the?cache?????????????initialSize?-?the?initial?capacity?(number?of?entries)?of?????????????????the?cache.??(see?java.util.HashMap)?????????????autowarmCount?-?the?number?of?entries?to?prepopulate?from?????????????????and?old?cache.??????????-->??????<filterCache?class="solr.FastLRUCache"???????????????????size="512"???????????????????initialSize="512"???????????????????autowarmCount="0"/>????????<!--?Query?Result?Cache??????????????????????Caches?results?of?searches?-?ordered?lists?of?document?ids???????????(DocList)?based?on?a?query,?a?sort,?and?the?range?of?documents?requested.??????????-->??????<queryResultCache?class="solr.LRUCache"???????????????????????size="512"???????????????????????initialSize="512"???????????????????????autowarmCount="0"/>???????????<!--?Document?Cache?????????????Caches?Lucene?Document?objects?(the?stored?fields?for?each???????????document).??Since?Lucene?internal?document?ids?are?transient,???????????this?cache?will?not?be?autowarmed.??????????-->??????<documentCache?class="solr.LRUCache"?????????????????????size="512"?????????????????????initialSize="512"?????????????????????autowarmCount="0"/>???????????????????<cache?name="perSegFilter"????????class="solr.search.LRUCache"????????size="10"????????initialSize="0"????????autowarmCount="10"????????regenerator="solr.NoOpRegenerator"?/>????????<!--?Lazy?Field?Loading?????????????If?true,?stored?fields?that?are?not?requested?will?be?loaded???????????lazily.??This?can?result?in?a?significant?speed?improvement???????????if?the?usual?case?is?to?not?load?all?stored?fields,???????????especially?if?the?skipped?fields?are?large?compressed?text???????????fields.??????-->??????<enableLazyFieldLoading>true</enableLazyFieldLoading>???????<!--?Result?Window?Size????????????An?optimization?for?use?with?the?queryResultCache.??When?a?search??????????is?requested,?a?superset?of?the?requested?number?of?document?ids??????????are?collected.??For?example,?if?a?search?for?a?particular?query??????????requests?matching?documents?10?through?19,?and?queryWindowSize?is?50,??????????then?documents?0?through?49?will?be?collected?and?cached.??Any?further??????????requests?in?that?range?can?be?satisfied?via?the?cache.?????????-->?????<queryResultWindowSize>20</queryResultWindowSize>???????<!--?Maximum?number?of?documents?to?cache?for?any?entry?in?the??????????queryResultCache.????????-->?????<queryResultMaxDocsCached>200</queryResultMaxDocsCached>????????<!--?Use?Cold?Searcher?????????????If?a?search?request?comes?in?and?there?is?no?current???????????registered?searcher,?then?immediately?register?the?still???????????warming?searcher?and?use?it.??If?"false"?then?all?requests???????????will?block?until?the?first?searcher?is?done?warming.????????-->??????<useColdSearcher>false</useColdSearcher>????????<!--?Max?Warming?Searchers??????????????????????Maximum?number?of?searchers?that?may?be?warming?in?the???????????background?concurrently.??An?error?is?returned?if?this?limit???????????is?exceeded.?????????????Recommend?values?of?1-2?for?read-only?slaves,?higher?for???????????masters?w/o?cache?warming.????????-->??????<maxWarmingSearchers>2</maxWarmingSearchers>??????</query>????????<!--?Request?Dispatcher???????????This?section?contains?instructions?for?how?the?SolrDispatchFilter?????????should?behave?when?processing?requests?for?this?SolrCore.???????????handleSelect?is?a?legacy?option?that?affects?the?behavior?of?requests?????????such?as?/select?qt=XXX???????????handleSelect="true"?will?cause?the?SolrDispatchFilter?to?process?????????the?request?and?dispatch?the?query?to?a?handler?specified?by?the??????????"qt"?param,?assuming?"/select"?isn't?already?registered.???????????handleSelect="false"?will?cause?the?SolrDispatchFilter?to?????????ignore?"/select"?requests,?resulting?in?a?404?unless?a?handler?????????is?explicitly?registered?with?the?name?"/select"???????????handleSelect="true"?is?not?recommended?for?new?users,?but?is?the?default?????????for?backwards?compatibility??????-->????<requestDispatcher?handleSelect="false"?>??????<!--?Request?Parsing?????????????These?settings?indicate?how?Solr?Requests?may?be?parsed,?and???????????what?restrictions?may?be?placed?on?the?ContentStreams?from???????????those?requests?????????????enableRemoteStreaming?-?enables?use?of?the?stream.file???????????and?stream.url?parameters?for?specifying?remote?streams.?????????????multipartUploadLimitInKB?-?specifies?the?max?size?(in?KiB)?of???????????Multipart?File?Uploads?that?Solr?will?allow?in?a?Request.??????????????????????formdataUploadLimitInKB?-?specifies?the?max?size?(in?KiB)?of???????????form?data?(application/x-www-form-urlencoded)?sent?via???????????POST.?You?can?use?POST?to?pass?request?parameters?not???????????fitting?into?the?URL.??????????????????????addHttpRequestToContext?-?if?set?to?true,?it?will?instruct???????????the?requestParsers?to?include?the?original?HttpServletRequest???????????object?in?the?context?map?of?the?SolrQueryRequest?under?the????????????key?"httpRequest".?It?will?not?be?used?by?any?of?the?existing???????????Solr?components,?but?may?be?useful?when?developing?custom????????????plugins.??????????????????????***?WARNING?***???????????The?settings?below?authorize?Solr?to?fetch?remote?files,?You???????????should?make?sure?your?system?has?some?authentication?before???????????using?enableRemoteStreaming="true"??????????-->???????<requestParsers?enableRemoteStreaming="true"???????????????????????multipartUploadLimitInKB="2048000"??????????????????????formdataUploadLimitInKB="2048"??????????????????????addHttpRequestToContext="false"/>????????<!--?HTTP?Caching?????????????Set?HTTP?caching?related?parameters?(for?proxy?caches?and?clients).?????????????The?options?below?instruct?Solr?not?to?output?any?HTTP?Caching???????????related?headers????????-->??????<httpCaching?never304="true"?/>??????</requestDispatcher>??????<!--?Request?Handlers????????????http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SolrRequestHandler???????????Incoming?queries?will?be?dispatched?to?a?specific?handler?by?name?????????based?on?the?path?specified?in?the?request.???????????Legacy?behavior:?If?the?request?path?uses?"/select"?but?no?Request?????????Handler?has?that?name,?and?if?handleSelect="true"?has?been?specified?in?????????the?requestDispatcher,?then?the?Request?Handler?is?dispatched?based?on?????????the?qt?parameter.??Handlers?without?a?leading?'/'?are?accessed?this?way?????????like?so:?http://host/app/[core/]select?qt=name??If?no?qt?is?????????given,?then?the?requestHandler?that?declares?default="true"?will?be?????????used?or?the?one?named?"standard".???????????If?a?Request?Handler?is?declared?with?startup="lazy",?then?it?will?????????not?be?initialized?until?the?first?request?that?uses?it.????????-->????<!--?SearchHandler???????????http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SearchHandler???????????For?processing?Search?Queries,?the?primary?Request?Handler?????????provided?with?Solr?is?"SearchHandler"?It?delegates?to?a?sequent?????????of?SearchComponents?(see?below)?and?supports?distributed?????????queries?across?multiple?shards??????-->??????<!--????<requestHandler?name="/dataimport"?class="solr.DataImportHandler">??????<lst?name="defaults">????????<str?name="config">solr-data-config.xml</str>??????</lst>????</requestHandler>????-->????<requestHandler?name="/dataimport"?class="solr.DataImportHandler">??????<lst?name="defaults">????????<str?name="config">data-config.xml</str>??????</lst>????</requestHandler>??????????<requestHandler?name="/select"?class="solr.SearchHandler">??????<!--?default?values?for?query?parameters?can?be?specified,?these???????????will?be?overridden?by?parameters?in?the?request????????-->???????<lst?name="defaults">?????????<str?name="echoParams">explicit</str>?????????<int?name="rows">10</int>???????</lst>????????</requestHandler>??????????<requestHandler?name="/query"?class="solr.SearchHandler">???????<lst?name="defaults">?????????<str?name="echoParams">explicit</str>?????????<str?name="wt">json</str>?????????<str?name="indent">true</str>?????????<str?name="df">text</str>???????</lst>????</requestHandler>??????<!--??????The?export?request?handler?is?used?to?export?full?sorted?result?sets.??????Do?not?change?these?defaults.????-->????<requestHandler?name="/export"?class="solr.SearchHandler">??????<lst?name="invariants">????????<str?name="rq">{!xport}</str>????????<str?name="wt">xsort</str>????????<str?name="distrib">false</str>??????</lst>????????<arr?name="components">????????<str>query</str>??????</arr>????</requestHandler>????????<initParams?path="/update/**,/query,/select,/tvrh,/elevate,/spell">??????<lst?name="defaults">????????<str?name="df">text</str>??????</lst>????</initParams>??????<!--?Field?Analysis?Request?Handler???????????RequestHandler?that?provides?much?the?same?functionality?as?????????analysis.jsp.?Provides?the?ability?to?specify?multiple?field?????????types?and?field?names?in?the?same?request?and?outputs?????????index-time?and?query-time?analysis?for?each?of?them.???????????Request?parameters?are:?????????analysis.fieldname?-?field?name?whose?analyzers?are?to?be?used???????????analysis.fieldtype?-?field?type?whose?analyzers?are?to?be?used?????????analysis.fieldvalue?-?text?for?index-time?analysis?????????q?(or?analysis.q)?-?text?for?query?time?analysis?????????analysis.showmatch?(true|false)?-?When?set?to?true?and?when?????????????query?analysis?is?performed,?the?produced?tokens?of?the?????????????field?value?analysis?will?be?marked?as?"matched"?for?every?????????????token?that?is?produces?by?the?query?analysis?????-->????<requestHandler?name="/analysis/field"?????????????????????startup="lazy"????????????????????class="solr.FieldAnalysisRequestHandler"?/>????????<!--?Document?Analysis?Handler???????????http://wiki.apache.org/solr/AnalysisRequestHandler???????????An?analysis?handler?that?provides?a?breakdown?of?the?analysis?????????process?of?provided?documents.?This?handler?expects?a?(single)?????????content?stream?with?the?following?format:???????????<docs>???????????<doc>?????????????<field?name="id">1</field>?????????????<field?name="name">The?Name</field>?????????????<field?name="text">The?Text?Value</field>???????????</doc>???????????<doc>...</doc>???????????<doc>...</doc>???????????...?????????</docs>????????Note:?Each?document?must?contain?a?field?which?serves?as?the??????unique?key.?This?key?is?used?in?the?returned?response?to?associate??????an?analysis?breakdown?to?the?analyzed?document.????????Like?the?FieldAnalysisRequestHandler,?this?handler?also?supports??????query?analysis?by?sending?either?an?"analysis.query"?or?"q"??????request?parameter?that?holds?the?query?text?to?be?analyzed.?It??????also?supports?the?"analysis.showmatch"?parameter?which?when?set?to??????true,?all?field?tokens?that?match?the?query?tokens?will?be?marked??????as?a?"match".?????-->????<requestHandler?name="/analysis/document"?????????????????????class="solr.DocumentAnalysisRequestHandler"?????????????????????startup="lazy"?/>??????????<requestHandler?name="/debug/dump"?class="solr.DumpRequestHandler"?>??????<lst?name="defaults">???????<str?name="echoParams">explicit</str>????????<str?name="echoHandler">true</str>??????</lst>????</requestHandler>????????????<!--?Search?Components???????????Search?components?are?registered?to?SolrCore?and?used?by??????????instances?of?SearchHandler?(which?can?access?them?by?name)??????????????????By?default,?the?following?components?are?available:??????????????????<searchComponent?name="query"?????class="solr.QueryComponent"?/>?????????<searchComponent?name="facet"?????class="solr.FacetComponent"?/>?????????<searchComponent?name="mlt"???????class="solr.MoreLikeThisComponent"?/>?????????<searchComponent?name="highlight"?class="solr.HighlightComponent"?/>?????????<searchComponent?name="stats"?????class="solr.StatsComponent"?/>?????????<searchComponent?name="debug"?????class="solr.DebugComponent"?/>????????????????-->??????<!--?Terms?Component???????????http://wiki.apache.org/solr/TermsComponent???????????A?component?to?return?terms?and?document?frequency?of?those?????????terms??????-->????<searchComponent?name="terms"?class="solr.TermsComponent"/>??????????<requestHandler?name="/terms"?class="solr.SearchHandler"?startup="lazy">???????<lst?name="defaults">????????<bool?name="terms">true</bool>????????<bool?name="distrib">false</bool>??????</lst>???????????<arr?name="components">????????<str>terms</str>??????</arr>????</requestHandler>??????????<admin>??????<defaultQuery>*:*</defaultQuery>????</admin>????</config>?? ?下面我將對其中關鍵地方加以解釋說明：
?lib
<lib>?標簽指令可以用來告訴Solr如何去加載solr plugins(Solr插件)依賴的jar包，在solrconfig.xml配置文件的注釋中有配置示例，例如：
<lib dir="./lib" regex=”lucene-\w+\.jar”/>
這里的dir表示一個jar包目錄路徑，該目錄路徑是相對于你當前core根目錄的；regex表示一個正則表達式，用來過濾文件名的，符合正則表達式的jar文件將會被加載
?
dataDir parameter
用來指定一個solr的索引數據目錄，solr創建的索引會存放在data\index目錄下，默認dataDir是相對于當前core目錄(如果solr_home下存在core的話)，如果solr_home下不存在core的話，那dataDir默認就是相對于solr_home啦，不過一般dataDir都在core.properties下配置。
? ? ?<dataDir>/var/data/solr</dataDir>
?
codecFactory
?用來設置Lucene倒排索引的編碼工廠類，默認實現是官方提供的SchemaCodecFactory類。
?
indexConfig Section
在solrconfig.xml的<indexConfig>標簽中間有很多關于此配置項的說明：
<!-- maxFieldLength was removed in 4.0. To get similar behavior, include a
?
???????? LimitTokenCountFilterFactory in your fieldType definition. E.g.
?
???? <filter class="solr.LimitTokenCountFilterFactory" maxTokenCount="10000"/>
提供我們maxFieldLength配置項已經從4.0版本開始就已經被移除了，可以使用配置一個filter達到相似的效果，maxTokenCount即在對某個域分詞的時候，最多只提取前10000個Token，后續的域值將被拋棄。maxFieldLength若表示1000，則意味著只會對域值的0~1000范圍內的字符串進行分詞索引。
?
<writeLockTimeout>1000</writeLockTimeout>
writeLockTimeout表示IndexWriter實例在獲取寫鎖的時候最大等待超時時間，超過指定的超時時間仍未獲取到寫鎖，則IndexWriter寫索引操作將會拋出異常
?
<maxIndexingThreads>8</maxIndexingThreads>
表示創建索引的最大線程數，默認是開辟8個線程來創建索引
?
<useCompoundFile>false</useCompoundFile>
?
是否開啟復合文件模式，啟用了復合文件模式即意味著創建的索引文件數量會減少，這樣占用的文件描述符也會減少，但這會帶來性能的損耗，在Lucene中，它默認是開啟，而在Solr中，自從3.6版本開始，默認就是禁用的
?
?<ramBufferSizeMB>100</ramBufferSizeMB>
表示創建索引時內存緩存大小，單位是MB,默認最大是100M,
?
<maxBufferedDocs>1000</maxBufferedDocs>
表示在document寫入到硬盤之前，緩存的document最大個數，超過這個最大值會觸發索引的flush操作。
Xml代碼??
<mergePolicy?class="org.apache.lucene.index.TieredMergePolicy">??????<int?name="maxMergeAtOnce">10</int>??<int?name="segmentsPerTier">10</int>??</mergePolicy>?? ?用來配置Lucene索引段合并策略的，里面有兩個參數：
?
maxMergeAtOne:?一次最多合并段個數
?
segmentPerTier:??每個層級的段個數，同時也是內存buffer遞減的等比數列的公比，看源碼：
Java代碼??
??????long?levelSize?=?minSegmentBytes;??????long?bytesLeft?=?totIndexBytes;??????double?allowedSegCount?=?0;??????while(true)?{????????final?double?segCountLevel?=?bytesLeft?/?(double)?levelSize;????????if?(segCountLevel?<?segsPerTier)?{??????????allowedSegCount?+=?Math.ceil(segCountLevel);??????????break;????????}????????allowedSegCount?+=?segsPerTier;????????bytesLeft?-=?segsPerTier?*?levelSize;????????levelSize?*=?maxMergeAtOnce;??????}??int?allowedSegCountInt?=?(int)?allowedSegCount;?? ?<mergeFactor>10</mergeFactor>
?
要理解mergeFactor因子的含義，還是先看看lucene in action中給出的解釋：
Xml代碼??
IndexWriter’s?mergeFactor?lets?you?control?how?many?Documents?to?store?in?memory??before?writing?them?to?the?disk,?as?well?as?how?often?to?merge?multiple?index??segments?together.?(Index?segments?are?covered?in?appendix?B.)?With?the?default??value?of?10,?Lucene?stores?10?Documents?in?memory?before?writing?them?to?a?single??segment?on?the?disk.?The?mergeFactor?value?of?10?also?means?that?once?the??number?of?segments?on?the?disk?has?reached?the?power?of?10,?Lucene?merges??these?segments?into?a?single?segment.??For?instance,?if?you?set?mergeFactor?to?10,?a?new?segment?is?created?on?the?disk??for?every?10?Documents?added?to?the?index.?When?the?tenth?segment?of?size?10?is??added,?all?10?are?merged?into?a?single?segment?of?size?100.?When?10?such?segments??of?size?100?have?been?added,?they’re?merged?into?a?single?segment?containing??1,000?Documents,?and?so?on.?Therefore,?at?any?time,?there?are?no?more?than?9??segments?in?the?index,?and?the?size?of?each?merged?segment?is?the?power?of?10.??There?is?a?small?exception?to?this?rule?that?has?to?do?with?maxMergeDocs,??another?IndexWriter?instance?variable:?While?merging?segments,?Lucene?ensuresthat?no?segment?with?more?than?maxMergeDocs?Documents?is?created.?For?instance,??suppose?you?set?maxMergeDocs?to?1,000.?When?you?add?the?ten-thousandth?Document,??instead?of?merging?multiple?segments?into?a?single?segment?of?size?10,000,??Lucene?creates?the?tenth?segment?of?size?1,000?and?keeps?adding?new?segments??of?size?1,000?for?every?1,000?Documents?added.?? ?IndexWriter的mergeFactory允許你來控制索引在寫入磁盤之前內存中能緩存的document數量，以及合并
多個段文件的頻率。默認這個值為10.?當往內存中存儲了10個document,此時Lucene還沒有把單個段文件
寫入磁盤，mergeFactor值等于10也意味著當硬盤上的段文件數量達到10，lucene將會把這10個段文件合
并到一個段文件中。例如：如果你把mergeFactor設置為10，當你往索引中添加了10個document,一個段
文件將會在硬盤上被創建，當第10個段文件被添加時，這10個段文件就會被合并到1個段文件，此時這個
段文件中有100個document,當10個這樣的包含了100個document的段文件被添加時，他們又會被合并到一
個新的段文件中，而此時這個段文件包含?1000個document,以此類推。所以，在任何時候，在索引中不
存在超過9個段文件。每個被合并的段文件包含的document個數都是10，但這樣有點小問題，我們還必須
?設置一個maxMergeDocs變量，當合并段文件的時候，lucene必須確保沒有哪個段文件超過maxMergeDocs
?變量規定的最大document數量。設置maxMergeDocs的目的是為了防止單個段文件中包含的document數量
過大，假定你把maxMergeDocs設置為1000，當你創建第10個包含1000個document段文件的時候，這時并
?不會觸發段文件合并(如果沒有設置maxMergeDocs為100的話，按理來說，這10個包含了1000個document
的段文件將會被合并到一個包含了10000個document的段文件當中，但maxMergeDocs限制了單個段文件中
最多包含1000個document,所以此時并不會觸發段合并操作)。影響段合并還有一些其他參數，比如：
?
mergeFactor：當大小幾乎相當的段的數量達到此值的時候，開始合并。
minMergeSize：所有大小小于此值的段，都被認為是大小幾乎相當，一同參與合并。
maxMergeSize：當一個段的大小大于此值的時候，就不再參與合并。
maxMergeDocs：當一個段包含的文檔數大于此值的時候，就不再參與合并。
?
段合并分兩個步驟：
?1.首先篩選出哪些段需要合并，這一步由MergePolicy合并策略類來決定
2.然后就是真正的段合并過程了，這一步是交給MergeScheduler來完成的，MergeScheduler類主要做兩件事：
? ? ??A.對存儲域，項向量，標準化因子即norms等信息進行合并
? ? ??B.對倒排索引信息進行合并
? ? ?尼瑪扯遠了，接著繼續我們的solrconfig.xml中影響索引創建的一些參數配置；
?
<mergeScheduler class="org.apache.lucene.index.ConcurrentMergeScheduler"/>
mergeScheduler剛才提到過了，這是用來配置段合并操作的處理類。默認實現類是Lucene中自帶的ConcurrentMergeScheduler。
?
<lockType>${solr.lock.type:native}</lockType>
這個是用來指定Lucene中LockFactory實現的，可配置項如下：
Xml代碼??
single?=?SingleInstanceLockFactory?-?suggested?for?a????????????????????read-only?index?or?when?there?is?no?possibility?of????????????????????another?process?trying?to?modify?the?index.???????????native?=?NativeFSLockFactory?-?uses?OS?native?file?locking.????????????????????Do?not?use?when?multiple?solr?webapps?in?the?same????????????????????JVM?are?attempting?to?share?a?single?index.???????????simple?=?SimpleFSLockFactory??-?uses?a?plain?file?for?locking?????????????Defaults:?'native'?is?default?for?Solr3.6?and?later,?otherwise?????????????????????'simple'?is?the?default?? ?single：表示只讀鎖，沒有另外一個處理線程會去修改索引數據
native：即Lucene中的NativeFSLockFactory實現，使用的是基于操作系統的本地文件鎖
simple：即Lucene中的SimpleFSLockFactory實現，通過在硬盤上創建write.lock鎖文件實現
Defaults：從solr3.6版本開始，這個默認值是native,否則，默認值就是simple,意思就是說，你如果配置為Defaults，到底使用哪種鎖實現，取決于你當前使用的Solr版本。
?
<unlockOnStartup>false</unlockOnStartup>
如果這個設置為true,那么在solr啟動后，IndexWriter和commit提交操作擁有的鎖將會被釋放，這會打破Lucene的鎖機制，請謹慎使用。如果你的lockType設置為single,那么這個配置true or false都不會產生任何影響。
?
<deletionPolicy class="solr.SolrDeletionPolicy">
用來配置索引刪除策略的，默認使用的是Solr的SolrDeletionPolicy實現。如果你需要自定義刪除策略，那么你需要實現Lucene的org.apache.lucene.index.IndexDeletionPolicy接口。
?
<jmx />
這個配置是用來在Solr中啟用JMX，有關這方面的詳細信息，請移步到Solr官方Wiki，訪問地址如下：
http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SolrJmx
?
<updateHandler class="solr.DirectUpdateHandler2">
指定索引更新操作處理類，DirectUpdateHandler2是一個高性能的索引更新處理類，它支持軟提交
?
<updateLog>
????? <str name="dir">${solr.ulog.dir:}</str>
</updateLog>
<updateLog>用來指定上面的updateHandler的處理事務日志存放路徑的，默認值是solr的data目錄即solr的dataDir配置的目錄。
?
<query>標簽是有關索引查詢相關的配置項
?
<maxBooleanClauses>1024</maxBooleanClauses>
表示BooleanQuery最大能鏈接多少個子Query,當不同的core下的solrconfig.xml中此配置項的參數值配置的不一樣時，以最后一個初始化的core的配置為準。
?
<filterCache class="solr.FastLRUCache"
???????????????? size="512"
???????????????? initialSize="512"
???????????????? autowarmCount="0"/>
用來配置filter過濾器的緩存相關的參數
?
<queryResultCache class="solr.LRUCache"
????????????????????? size="512"
????????????????????? initialSize="512"
????????????????????? autowarmCount="0"/>
用來配置對Query返回的查詢結果集即TopDocs的緩存
?
<documentCache class="solr.LRUCache"
?????????????????? size="512"
?????????????????? initialSize="512"
?????????????????? autowarmCount="0"/>
用來配置對Document中存儲域的緩存，因為每次從硬盤上加載存儲域的值都是很昂貴的操作，這里說的存儲域指的是那些Store.YES的Field，所以你懂的。
?
<fieldValueCache class="solr.FastLRUCache"
??????????????????????? size="512"
??????????????????????? autowarmCount="128"
??????????????????????? showItems="32" />
這個配置是用來緩存Document id的，用來快速訪問你的Document id的。這個配置項默認就是開啟的，無需顯式配置。
?
<cache name="myUserCache"
????????????? class="solr.LRUCache"
????????????? size="4096"
????????????? initialSize="1024"
????????????? autowarmCount="1024"
????????????? regenerator="com.mycompany.MyRegenerator"
????????????? />
這個配置是用來配置你的自定義緩存的，你自己的Regenerator需要實現Solr的CacheRegenerator接口。
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<enableLazyFieldLoading>true</enableLazyFieldLoading>
表示啟用存儲域的延遲加載，前提是你的存儲域在Query的時候沒有顯式指定需要return這個域。
?
<useFilterForSortedQuery>true</useFilterForSortedQuery>
表示當你的Query沒有使用score進行排序時，是否使用filter來替代Query.
Xml代碼??
<listener?event="newSearcher"?class="solr.QuerySenderListener">????????<arr?name="queries">??????????<!--?????????????<lst><str?name="q">solr</str><str?name="sort">price?asc</str></lst>?????????????<lst><str?name="q">rocks</str><str?name="sort">weight?asc</str></lst>????????????-->????????</arr>??</listener>?? ? ?QuerySenderListener用來監聽查詢發送過程，即你可以在Query請求發送之前追加一些請求參數，如上面給的示例中，可以追加qery關鍵字以及sort排序規則。
?
<requestDispatcher handleSelect="false" >
設置為false即表示Solr?服務器端不接收/select請求，即如果你請求http://localhost:8080/solr/coreName/select?qt=xxxx時，將會返回一個404，
這個select請求是為了兼容先前的舊版本，已經不推薦使用。
?
<httpCaching never304="true" />
表示solr服務器段永遠不返回304，那http響應狀態碼304表示什么呢？表示服務器端告訴客戶端，你請求的資源尚未被修改過，我返回給你的是上次緩存的內容。Never304即告訴服務器，不管我訪問的資源有沒有更新過，都給我重新返回不走Http緩存。這屬于Http協議相關知識，不清楚的請去Google HTTP協議詳細了解去。
?
Xml代碼??
<requestHandler?name="/query"?class="solr.SearchHandler">??????<lst?name="defaults">????????<str?name="echoParams">explicit</str>????????<str?name="wt">json</str>????????<str?name="indent">true</str>??????</lst>????</requestHandler>?? ?這個requestHandler配置的是請求URL? /query跟請求處理類SearcherHandler之間的一個映射關系，即你訪問http://localhost:8080/solr/coreName/query?q=xxx時，會交給SearcherHandler類來處理這個http請求，你可以配置一些參數來干預SearcherHandler處理細節，比如echoParams表示是否打印HTTP請求參數，wt即writer type,即返回的數據的MIME類型，如json,xml等等，indent表示返回的json或者XML數據是否需要縮進，否則返回的數據沒有縮進也沒有換行，不利于閱讀。
?
其他的一些requestHandler說明就略過了，其實都大同小異，就是一個請求URL跟請求處理類的一個映射,就好比SpringMVC中請求URL和Controller類的一個映射。
?
<searchComponent name="spellcheck" class="solr.SpellCheckComponent">
用來配置查詢組件比如SpellCheckComponent拼寫檢查，有關拼寫檢查的詳細配置說明留到以后說到SpellCheck時再說吧。
?
<searchComponent name="terms" class="solr.TermsComponent"/>
用來返回所有的Term以及每個document中Term的出現頻率
?
<searchComponent class="solr.HighlightComponent" name="highlight">
用來配置關鍵字高亮的，Solr高亮配置的詳細說明這里暫時先略過，這篇我們只是先暫時大致了解下每個配置項的含義即可，具體如何使用留到后續再深入研究。
?
有關searchComponent查詢組件的其他配置我就不一一說明了，太多了。你們自己看里面的英文注釋吧，如果你實在看不懂再來問我。
Xml代碼??
<queryResponseWriter?name="json"?class="solr.JSONResponseWriter">??????<!--?For?the?purposes?of?the?tutorial,?JSON?responses?are?written?as???????plain?text?so?that?they?are?easy?to?read?in?*any*?browser.???????If?you?expect?a?MIME?type?of?"application/json"?just?remove?this?override.??????-->??????<str?name="content-type">text/plain;?charset=UTF-8</str>??</queryResponseWriter>?? ?這個是用來配置Solr響應數據轉換類，JSONResponseWriter就是把HTTP響應數據轉成JSON格式，content-type即response響應頭信息中的content-type,即告訴客戶端返回的數據的MIME類型為text/plain，且charset字符集編碼為UTF-8.
內置的響應數據轉換器還有velocity，xslt等，如果你想自定義一個基于FreeMarker的轉換器，那你需要實現Solr的QueryResponseWriter接口，模仿其他實現類，你懂的，然后在solrconfig.xml中添加類似的<queryResponseWriter配置即可
?
???最后需要說明下的是solrconfig.xml中有大量類似<arr> <list> <str> <int>這樣的自定義標簽，下面做個統一的說明：
?這張圖摘自于Solr in Action這本書，由于是英文的，所以我稍微解釋下：
arr:即array的縮寫，表示一個數組，name即表示這個數組參數的變量名
lst即list的縮寫，但注意它里面存放的是key-value鍵值對
bool表示一個boolean類型的變量,name表示boolean變量名，
同理還有int,long,float,str等等
Str即string的縮寫，唯一要注意的是arr下的str子元素是沒有name屬性的，而list下的str元素是有name屬性的
?
最后總結下：
solrconfig.xml中的配置項主要分以下幾大塊：
? ? ?1.依賴的lucene版本配置，這決定了你創建的Lucene索引結構，因為Lucene各版本之間的索引結構并不是完全兼容的，這個需要引起你的注意。
? ? ?2.索引創建相關的配置，如索引目錄，IndexWriterConfig類中的相關配置(它決定了你的索引創建性能)
? ? ?3.solrconfig.xml中依賴的外部jar包加載路徑配置
? ? ?4.JMX相關配置
? ? ?5.緩存相關配置，緩存包括過濾器緩存，查詢結果集緩存，Document緩存，以及自定義緩存等等
? ? ?6.updateHandler配置即索引更新操作相關配置
? ? ?7.RequestHandler相關配置，即接收客戶端HTTP請求的處理類配置
? ? ?8.查詢組件配置如HightLight，SpellChecker等等
? ? ?9.ResponseWriter配置即響應數據轉換器相關配置，決定了響應數據是以什么樣格式返回給客戶端的。
? ? ?10.自定義ValueSourceParser配置，用來干預Document的權重、評分，排序
?
? ? ?solrconfig.xml就解釋到這兒了，理解這些配置項是為后續Solr學習掃清障礙。有些我沒說到的或者我有意略過的，就留給你們自己去閱讀和理解了，畢竟內容太多，1000多行的配置，一行不拉的解釋完太耗時，有些都是類似的配置，我想你們應該能看懂。
??如果你還有什么問題請加我Ｑ-Q：7-3-6-0-3-1-3-0-5，
或者加裙
一起交流學習！
轉載：http://iamyida.iteye.com/blog/2211728
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