前言

vim有很多著名的grep插件，我使用過的有ack.vim，ag.vim和ctrlsf.vim，它們應(yīng)該也是目前用戶最多的幾個了。

ack.vim
起步比較早，早期后端grep工具是ack，后來也支持ag(the_silver_searcher)，pt(the_platinum_searcher)，rg(ripgrep)等工具了。它是一個比較傳統(tǒng)的grep插件，不支持異步，要等到grep結(jié)束后才能顯示結(jié)果，在大的項目中g(shù)rep會卡好一陣子。它貌似也不再維護，我N久前提交的pull request還掛在那，它最近的代碼更新在11個月前。

ag.vim
它其實是抄襲ack.vim，沒錯，是抄襲。在早期ack.vim還不支持ag時，它的作者在ack.vim代碼的基礎(chǔ)上稍微改了改，支持了ag。后來被ack.vim的作者給懟了，就放棄了對ag.vim的維護。目前功能上小于ack.vim。

ctrlsf.vim
這是國人開發(fā)的一個插件, 后端grep工具支持ack/ag/pt/rg，同時也支持異步，不過需要Vim 8.0.1039+或者NeoVim才支持異步。這個插件很好用，在我開發(fā)Leaderf rg之前一直使用的是它。

Leaderf rg顧名思義，后端基于rg，由于是LeaderF的子功能，基因上就決定它完美支持異步。同時LeaderF又是一個非著名的模糊查找插件，這使它可以在grep結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上再通過模糊匹配的方式進行二次過濾，來幫助用戶更快地鎖定目標，這是目前上面提到的插件所不具備的。

為什么選擇rg(ripgrep)

快速grep工具目前有ag, rg, pt, sift, ucg等。
我選擇rg有以下幾點原因：

速度比較快，rg的README上有作者的對比，我實測也是rg快點。

Windows上bug少（bug到目前還沒發(fā)現(xiàn)），ag和pt都遇到過bug。

作者很活躍，提的issue能很快得到回復。

rg功能相對多些，可以從rg --help 看出來。

Leaderf rg 使用介紹

Leaderf rg的使用也比較簡單，只要Leaderf[!] + rg命令和選項（同命令行上一樣）就可以了。 具體使用方法可以用:Leaderf rg -h來查看。

usage: Leaderf[!] rg [-h] [-e <PATTERN>...] [-F] [-i] [-L] [-P] [-S] [-s] [-v][-w] [-x] [--hidden] [--no-config] [--no-ignore][--no-ignore-global] [--no-ignore-parent][--no-ignore-vcs] [--no-pcre2-unicode] [-E <ENCODING>][-M <NUM>] [-m <NUM>] [--max-depth <NUM>][--max-filesize <NUM+SUFFIX?>][--path-separator <SEPARATOR>] [--sort <SORTBY>][--sortr <SORTBY>] [-f <PATTERNFILE>...] [-g <GLOB>...][--iglob <GLOB>...] [--ignore-file <PATH>...][--type-add <TYPE_SPEC>...] [-t <TYPE>...] [-T <TYPE>...][--current-buffer | --all-buffers] [--recall] [--append][--reverse] [--stayOpen] [--input <INPUT> | --cword][--top | --bottom | --left | --right | --belowright | --aboveleft | --fullScreen][--nameOnly | --fullPath | --fuzzy | --regexMode] [--nowrap][<PATH> [<PATH> ...]]optional arguments:-h, --help show this help message and exitspecific arguments:-e <PATTERN>..., --regexp <PATTERN>...A pattern to search for. This option can be provided multiple times, where allpatterns given are searched.-F, --fixed-strings Treat the pattern as a literal string instead of a regular expression.-i, --ignore-case Searches case insensitively.-L, --follow Follow symbolic links while traversing directories.-P, --pcre2 When this flag is present, rg will use the PCRE2 regex engine instead of itsdefault regex engine.-S, --smart-case Searches case insensitively if the pattern is all lowercase, case sensitivelyotherwise.-s, --case-sensitive Searches case sensitively.-v, --invert-match Invert matching. Show lines that do not match the given patterns.-w, --word-regexp Only show matches surrounded by word boundaries. This is roughly equivalent toputting \b before and after all of the search patterns.-x, --line-regexp Only show matches surrounded by line boundaries.--hidden Search hidden files and directories. By default, hidden files and directoriesare skipped.--no-config Never read configuration files. When this flag is present, rg will not respectthe RIPGREP_CONFIG_PATH environment variable.--no-ignore Don't respect ignore files (.gitignore, .ignore, etc.). This implies--no-ignore-parent and --no-ignore-vcs.--no-ignore-global Don't respect ignore files that come from 'global' sources such as git's`core.excludesFile` configuration option (which defaults to`$HOME/.config/git/ignore`).--no-ignore-parent Don't respect ignore files (.gitignore, .ignore, etc.) in parent directories.--no-ignore-vcs Don't respect version control ignore files (.gitignore, etc.).--no-pcre2-unicode When PCRE2 matching is enabled, this flag will disableUnicode mode, which is otherwise enabled by default.-E <ENCODING>, --encoding <ENCODING>Specify the text encoding that rg will use on all files searched.-M <NUM>, --max-columns <NUM>Don't print lines longer than this limit in bytes.-m <NUM>, --max-count <NUM>Limit the number of matching lines per file searched to NUM.--max-depth <NUM> Limit the depth of directory traversal to NUM levels beyond the paths given.--max-filesize <NUM+SUFFIX?>Ignore files larger than NUM in size. This does not apply to directories.--path-separator <SEPARATOR>Set the path separator to use when printing file paths.--sort <SORTBY> This flag enables sorting of results in ascending order.--sortr <SORTBY> This flag enables sorting of results in descending order.-f <PATTERNFILE>..., --file <PATTERNFILE>...Search for patterns from the given file, with one pattern per line.(This option can be provided multiple times.)-g <GLOB>..., --glob <GLOB>...Include or exclude files and directories for searching that match the givenglob.(This option can be provided multiple times.)--iglob <GLOB>... Include or exclude files and directories for searching that match the given glob.Globs are matched case insensitively.(This option can be provided multiple times.)--ignore-file <PATH>...Specifies a path to one or more .gitignore format rules files.--type-add <TYPE_SPEC>...Add a new glob for a particular file type.-t <TYPE>..., --type <TYPE>...Only search files matching TYPE. Multiple type flags may be provided.-T <TYPE>..., --type-not <TYPE>...Do not search files matching TYPE. Multiple type-not flags may be provided.<PATH> A file or directory to search. Directories are searched recursively. Pathsspecified on the command line override glob and ignore rules.--current-buffer Searches in current buffer.--all-buffers Searches in all listed buffers.--recall Recall last search. If the result window is closed, reopen it.--append Append to the previous search results.common arguments:--reverse show results in bottom-up order--stayOpen don't quit LeaderF after accepting an entry--input <INPUT> specifies INPUT as the pattern inputted in advance--cword current word under cursor is inputted in advance--top the LeaderF window is at the top of the screen--bottom the LeaderF window is at the bottom of the screen--left the LeaderF window is at the left of the screen--right the LeaderF window is at the right of the screen--belowright the LeaderF window is at the belowright of the screen--aboveleft the LeaderF window is at the aboveleft of the screen--fullScreen the LeaderF window takes up the full screen--nameOnly LeaderF is in NameOnly mode by default--fullPath LeaderF is in FullPath mode by default--fuzzy LeaderF is in Fuzzy mode by default--regexMode LeaderF is in Regex mode by default--nowrap long lines in the LeaderF window won't wrapIf [!] is given, enter normal mode directly. 復制代碼

注意：如果:Leaderf后面有感嘆號，會直接進入normal模式；如果沒有感嘆號，則是輸入模式，此時可以輸入字符來進行模糊匹配過濾。可以用tab鍵在兩個模式間來回切換。

Leaderf rg基本支持rg所有的必要選項，用戶如果對rg命令比較熟悉，可以在vim命令行內(nèi)輸入:Leaderf, 然后手敲rg命令，命令選項還可以通過tab來補全。 當然，更聰明的做法是定義一些快捷鍵。例如：

" search word under cursor, the pattern is treated as regex, and enter normal mode directly noremap <C-F> :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -e %s ", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search word under cursor, the pattern is treated as regex, " append the result to previous search results. noremap <C-G> :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg --append -e %s ", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search word under cursor literally only in current buffer noremap <C-B> :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -F --current-buffer -e %s ", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search word under cursor literally in all listed buffers noremap <C-D> :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -F --all-buffers -e %s ", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search visually selected text literally, don't quit LeaderF after accepting an entry xnoremap gf :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -F --stayOpen -e %s ", leaderf#Rg#visual())<CR>" recall last search. If the result window is closed, reopen it. noremap go :<C-U>Leaderf! rg --recall<CR>" search word under cursor in *.h and *.cpp files. noremap <Leader>a :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -e %s -g *.h -g *.cpp", expand("<cword>"))<CR> " the same as above noremap <Leader>a :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -e %s -g *.{h,cpp}", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search word under cursor in cpp and java files. noremap <Leader>b :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -e %s -t cpp -t java", expand("<cword>"))<CR>" search word under cursor in cpp files, exclude the *.hpp files noremap <Leader>c :<C-U><C-R>=printf("Leaderf! rg -e %s -t cpp -g !*.hpp", expand("<cword>"))<CR> 復制代碼

參考：rg的glob語法。

順便說一下，直接在vim命令行敲:Leaderf rg，就會有傳說中的"grep on the fly"的功能哦，同時支持fuzzy和regex兩種模式。

會不會支持ag等其他grep工具

不會。
首先，ripgrep已經(jīng)足夠強大，基本不存在別的工具有而ripgrep沒有的功能。其次，ripgrep有編譯好的Windows、Linux和MacOS上的binary，可以在這些平臺上很容易安裝。再者，由于作者比較懶，不想再實現(xiàn)重復的功能。

總結(jié)

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