[保留] typeset的常見用法

http://www.chinaunix.net 作者:寂寞烈火??發(fā)表于：2007-12-16 09:50:34

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typeset用于設置變量屬性,如大小寫,寬度,左右對齊等都可以用typeset來控制,?當用typeset改變一個變量的屬性時,這種改變是永久的,下面以ksh為例,演示typeset的幾種典型用法? 1,無選項的執(zhí)行typeset,則顯示所有變量? /home/lee#typeset? typeset?COLORS? typeset?-x?COLORTERM? typeset?-x?DISPLAY? typeset?-x?GDMSESSION? typeset?-x?GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID? typeset?-x?GTK_RC_FILES? typeset?-x?G_BROKEN_FILENAMES? typeset?-x?HISTSIZE? typeset?-x?HOME? typeset?-x?HOSTNAME? typeset?IFS? typeset?-x?INPUTRC? typeset?-r?KSH_VERSION? typeset?-x?LANG? typeset?-x?LANGUAGE? typeset?-x?LESSOPEN? typeset?-x?LOGNAME? typeset?-x?LS_COLORS? typeset?-x?MAIL? typeset?-i?MAILCHECK? typeset?-i?OPTIND? typeset?-x?PATH? typeset?-i?PPID? typeset?-x?PS1? typeset?PS2? typeset?PS3? typeset?PS4? typeset?-x?PWD? typeset?-i?RANDOM? typeset?-i?SECONDS? typeset?-x?SESSION_MANAGER? typeset?-x?SHELL? typeset?-x?SHLVL? typeset?-x?SSH_AGENT_PID? typeset?-x?SSH_ASKPASS? typeset?-x?SSH_AUTH_SOCK? typeset?SUPPORTED? typeset?-x?TERM? typeset?-i?TMOUT? typeset?-x?USER? typeset?-x?USERNAME? typeset?-x?WINDOWID? typeset?-x?XAUTHORITY? typeset?-x?XMODIFIERS? typeset?_? 2:typeset的-u選項可以將一個變量的字符變成大寫? /home/lee#typeset?-u?var=abc? /home/lee#echo?$var? ABC? 3:typeset的-l選項將一個變量的字符變成小寫? /home/lee#typeset?-l?var=ABC? /home/lee#echo?$var? abc? 4:typeset的-L選項把變量變成一個左對齊的4個字符串,有些像字符串截取?:-)? /home/lee#typeset?-L4?var=abcdefg? /home/lee#echo?$var? abcd? 5:typeset的-R選項把變量變成一個右對齊的4個字符串? /home/lee#typeset?-R4?var=abcdefg? /home/lee#echo?$var? defg? 6:typeset的-Z選項把串變成一個空填充,占15個字符位的串,冒號用來保護空白符? /home/lee#typeset?-Z15?var="abc?ddd"? /home/lee#echo?"$var"? ^^^^^^^^abc?ddd?#^為空白? /home/lee#typeset?-LZ15?var="abc?123"? /home/lee#echo?"$var$var"? abc?123?abc?123? 7:變量n是一個被設置成一個整數的變量,typeset命令將整數n前面補齊0,共15個字符位? /home/lee#typeset?-i?n=24? /home/lee#typeset?-Z15?n? /home/lee#echo?$n? 000000000000024? 8:變量answer被給定一個值--Yes并變成一個小寫,左對齊,一個字符的串? /home/lee#typeset?-lL1?answer=Yes? /home/lee#echo?$answer? y? typeset其他用法:? typeset?-i?num?#強制num為一個整數,如:? /home/lee#typeset?-i?num=10? /home/lee#echo?$num? 10? /home/lee#typeset?-i16?num=10? /home/lee#echo?$num? 16#a? /home/lee#typeset?-i2?num=10? /home/lee#echo?$num? 2#1010? /home/lee#typeset?-i8?num=10? /home/lee#echo?$num? 8#12? typeset?-x?#顯示被導出的變量? typeset?a?b?c?#如果在一個函數里定義,則把a?b?c創(chuàng)建為局部變量? typeset?-r?x=var#設置一個只讀變量

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