目錄

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基本概念

代碼與實例

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基本概念

抽象工廠模式（Abstract Factory），提供一個創建一系列相關或相互依賴對象的接口，從而無需指定他們具體的類。

抽象工廠的好處：

? ? ? ? ? ?1. 易于交換產品系列，在一個應用中只需要在初始化的時候出現一次，這就使得改變一個應用的具體工廠變得非常容易，它只需要改變具體工廠即可使用不同的產品配置；

? ? ? ? ? ?2. 讓具體創建實例過程與客戶端分離，客戶端是通過它們的抽象接口操縱實例，產品的具體類名也被具體工廠分離，不會在客戶端代碼中出現

對應的UML圖如下（此圖來源于大話設計模式）

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代碼與實例

程序運行截圖如下：

源碼如下：

Head.h

#ifndef HEAD_H #define HEAD_H#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std;typedef string Department; typedef string User;//IUser接口，用于客戶端訪問，解除與具體數據庫訪問耦合 class IUser{public:virtual void insert(User *user) {}virtual User getUser(int id){ return ""; }virtual ~IUser(){} };//SqlserverUser類，用于訪問SQL Server的User class SqlserverUser : public IUser{public:void insert(User *user);User getUser(int id);~SqlserverUser(); };//AccessUser類，用于訪問Access的User class AccssUser : public IUser{public:void insert(User *user);User getUser(int id);~AccssUser(); };//IDepartment接口，用于客戶端訪問，解除與具體數據庫訪問的耦合 class IDepartment{public:virtual void insert(Department *department){}virtual Department *getDepartment(int id){ return nullptr; }virtual ~IDepartment(){} };//SqlServerDepartment類，用于訪問SQL Server的Department class SqlServerDepartment : public IDepartment{public:void insert(Department *department);Department *getDepartment(int id);~SqlServerDepartment(); };//AccessDepartment類，用于訪問Access的Deparment class AccessDepartment : public IDepartment{public:void insert(Department *department);Department *getDepartment(int id);~AccessDepartment(); };//IFactory接口，定義一個創建訪問Department表對象的抽象的工廠接口 class IFactory{public:virtual IUser *createUser() { return nullptr; }virtual IDepartment *createDepartment(){ return nullptr; }virtual ~IFactory(){} };//SqlserverFactory類，實現IFactory接口，實例化SqlserverUser和SqlserverDepartment class SqlserverFactory : public IFactory{public:IUser *createUser();IDepartment *createDepartment();~SqlserverFactory(); };//AccessFactory類，實現IFactory接口，實例化AccessUser和AccessDepartment class AccessFactory : public IFactory{public:IUser *createUser();IDepartment *createDepartment();~AccessFactory(); };#endif //HEAD_H

Head.cpp

#include "Head.h"void SqlServerDepartment::insert(Department *department) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中給 Department 表增加一條記錄！" << endl; }Department *SqlServerDepartment::getDepartment(int id) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中根據 ID 得到 Department 表中的一條記錄！" << endl;return nullptr; }SqlServerDepartment::~SqlServerDepartment() {cout << "SqlServerDepartment desconstruction ! " << endl; }void AccessDepartment::insert(Department *department) {cout << "在 Access 中給 Department 表增加一條記錄！" << endl; }Department *AccessDepartment::getDepartment(int id) {cout << "在 Access 中根據 ID 得到 Department 表中的一條記錄！" << endl;return nullptr; }AccessDepartment::~AccessDepartment() {cout << "AccessDepartment desconstruction ! " << endl; }void SqlserverUser::insert(User *user) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中給 User 表增加一條記錄！" << endl; }User SqlserverUser::getUser(int id) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中根據ID得到 User 表一條記錄！" << endl;return ""; }SqlserverUser::~SqlserverUser() {cout << "SqlserverUser desconstruction ! " << endl; }void AccssUser::insert(User *user) {cout << "在 Access 中給 User 表增加一條記錄！" << endl; }User AccssUser::getUser(int id) {cout << "在 Access 中根據ID得到 User 表一條記錄！" << endl;return ""; }AccssUser::~AccssUser() {cout << "AccssUser desconstruction ! " << endl; }IUser * SqlserverFactory::createUser() {return new SqlserverUser; }IDepartment * SqlserverFactory::createDepartment() {return new SqlServerDepartment; }SqlserverFactory::~SqlserverFactory() {cout << "SqlserverFactory desconstruction ! " << endl; }IUser * AccessFactory::createUser() {return new AccssUser; }IDepartment * AccessFactory::createDepartment() {return new AccessDepartment; }AccessFactory::~AccessFactory() {cout << "AccessFactory desconstruction ! " << endl; }

main.cpp

#include "Head.h"int main(int *argc, int *argv){User *user = new User();Department *department = new Department();IFactory *factory = new SqlserverFactory();//IFactory *factory = new AccessFactory();IUser *iuser = factory->createUser();iuser->insert(user);iuser->getUser(1);IDepartment *iDepartment = factory->createDepartment();iDepartment->insert(department);iDepartment->getDepartment(1);cout << "\n 開始析構了！" << endl;delete iDepartment;delete iuser;delete factory;delete user;delete department;cout << "\n------------ 華 麗 的 結 束 分 割 線 ------------" << endl;getchar();return 0; }

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