轉(zhuǎn)載自?https://www.2cto.com/kf/201607/529762.html

一、前言

最近開發(fā)程序的時(shí)候，出現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫自增id跳數(shù)字情況，無奈之下dba遍查操作日志，沒有delete記錄。才開始慢慢來查詢事物問題。多久以來欠下的賬，今天該還給spring事物。 希望大家有所收獲。2016年07月19日22:32:38

二、spring嵌套事物

1、展示項(xiàng)目代碼--簡單測springboot項(xiàng)目

整體項(xiàng)目就這么簡單，為了方便。這里就只有biz層與service層，主要作為兩層嵌套，大家只要看看大概就ok。后面會(huì)給出git項(xiàng)目地址，下載下來看一看就明白，力求最簡單。

下面我們分情況介紹異常。

Controller 調(diào)用層（沒有使用它作為外層，因?yàn)閏ontroller作為外層要在servlet-mvc.xml 配置就ok。但是我覺得比較麻煩，一般也不推薦）

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package com.ycy.app; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @RestController @SpringBootApplication @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) @ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"}) public class Application { @Autowired private TestBiz testBiz; @RequestMapping("/") String home() throws Exception { System.out.println("controller 正常執(zhí)行"); testBiz.insetTes(); return " 正常返回Hello World!"; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }

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package com.ycy.app; import com.ycy.service.TestService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/20. */ @Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); } System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行"); } }

Service層 （內(nèi)層）
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package com.ycy.service.impl; import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable; import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num,String name) { YcyTable ycyTable=new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); System.out.println(num+"service正常執(zhí)行"); } }

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2、外部起事物，內(nèi)部起事物，內(nèi)外都無Try Catch

外部異常：

代碼展示，修改外層Biz層代碼如下

@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常 } } System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行"); } }

打印執(zhí)行結(jié)果：0-3service正常執(zhí)行 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：全部數(shù)據(jù)回滾

外部異常總結(jié):內(nèi)外都無try Catch的時(shí)候，外部異常，全部回滾。

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內(nèi)部異常：

代碼展示，修改service層代碼

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package com.ycy.service.impl;import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;/**?* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.?*/@Servicepublic class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {??@Autowired??private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;??@Transactional??public void testInsert(int num, String name) {????YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();????ycyTable.setName(name);????ycyTable.setNum(num);????ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);????if (num == 3) {??????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常????}????System.out.println(num + "service正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印執(zhí)行結(jié)果：0-3service正常執(zhí)行 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：全部數(shù)據(jù)回滾

內(nèi)部異常總結(jié)：內(nèi)外都無try Catch的時(shí)候，內(nèi)部異常，全部回滾。
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3、外部起事物，內(nèi)部起事物，外部有Try Catch

外部異常：

代碼展示，修改biz層代碼

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@Componentpublic class TestBiz {??@Autowired??private TestService testService;??@Transactional??public void insetTes() {????try {??????for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {????????testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");????????if (j == 3) {??????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常????????}??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println("異常日志處理");????}????System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-3執(zhí)行正常數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：4條數(shù)據(jù)

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外部異常總結(jié)：外部有try Catch時(shí)候，外部異常，不能回滾（事物錯(cuò)誤）

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內(nèi)部異常：

代碼展示，修改service層代碼：

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@Servicepublic class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {??@Autowired??private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;??@Transactional??public void testInsert(int num, String name) {????YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();????ycyTable.setName(name);????ycyTable.setNum(num);????ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);????if (num == 3) {??????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常????}????System.out.println(num + "service正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-2打印正常 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：無數(shù)據(jù)，全部數(shù)據(jù)回滾

內(nèi)部異常總結(jié)：外部有try Catch時(shí)候，內(nèi)部異常，全部回滾

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4、外部起事物，內(nèi)部起事物，內(nèi)部有Try Catch

外部異常:

代碼展示，修改biz層：

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@Componentpublic class TestBiz {??@Autowired??private TestService testService;??@Transactional??public void insetTes() {????for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {??????testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");??????if (j == 3) {????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常??????}????}????System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-3service打印正常 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：無數(shù)據(jù)，全部數(shù)據(jù)回滾

外部異常總結(jié)：內(nèi)部有try Catch，外部異常，全部回滾

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內(nèi)部異常：

修改service層代碼：

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@Servicepublic class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {??@Autowired??private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;??@Transactional??public void testInsert(int num, String name) {????try {??????YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();??????ycyTable.setName(name);??????ycyTable.setNum(num);??????ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);??????if (num == 3) {????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println(num + "service異常日志");????}????System.out.println(num + "service正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-0service打印正常 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：沒有回滾

內(nèi)部異常總結(jié)：內(nèi)部有try Catch，內(nèi)部異常，全部不回滾(事物失敗);

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5、外部起事物，內(nèi)部起事物，內(nèi)外有Try Catch

外部異常：

代碼展示，修改biz層：

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@Componentpublic class TestBiz {??@Autowired??private TestService testService;??@Transactional??public void insetTes() {????try {??????for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {????????testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");????????if (j == 3) {??????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常????????}??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println("biz層異常日志處理");????}????System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-3service打印正常 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：插入三條數(shù)據(jù)，沒有回滾

外部異常總結(jié)：內(nèi)外都有try Catch，外部異常，事物執(zhí)行一半（事物失敗）

內(nèi)部異常：

代碼展示,修改service 層代碼

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@Servicepublic class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {??@Autowired??private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;??@Transactional??public void testInsert(int num, String name) {????try {??????YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();??????ycyTable.setName(name);??????ycyTable.setNum(num);??????ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);??????if (num == 3) {????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println(num + "service異常日志處理");????}????System.out.println(num + "service正常執(zhí)行");??}}

打印結(jié)果：0-7service打印正常，3異常日子好 數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)果：插入全部，沒有回滾

內(nèi)部事物總結(jié)：內(nèi)外都有try Catch，內(nèi)部異常，事物全部不會(huì)滾（事物失敗）
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三、嵌套事物總結(jié)

事物成功總結(jié)

1、內(nèi)外都無try Catch的時(shí)候，外部異常，全部回滾。

2、內(nèi)外都無try Catch的時(shí)候，內(nèi)部異常，全部回滾。

3、外部有try Catch時(shí)候，內(nèi)部異常，全部回滾

4、內(nèi)部有try Catch，外部異常，全部回滾

5、友情提示：外層方法中調(diào)取其他接口，或者另外開啟線程的操作，一定放到最后！！！(因?yàn)檎{(diào)取接口不能回滾，一定要最后來處理)

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總結(jié)：由于上面的異常被捕獲導(dǎo)致，很多事務(wù)回滾失敗。如果一定要將捕獲，請捕獲后又拋出RuntimeException（默認(rèn)為異常捕獲RuntimeException）。

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四、正確的嵌套事物實(shí)例

controller層

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package com.ycy.app;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/**?* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.?*/@RestController@SpringBootApplication@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})@ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"})public class Application {??@Autowired??private TestBiz testBiz;??@RequestMapping("/")??String home()? {????System.out.println("controller 正常執(zhí)行");????try {??????testBiz.insetTes();????} catch (Exception e) {??????System.out.println("controller 異常日志執(zhí)行");????}????return " 正常返回Hello World!";??}??public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {????SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);??}}

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外層biz層：

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package com.ycy.app;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import com.ycy.service.TestService;/**?* Created by ycy on 16/7/20.?*/@Componentpublic class TestBiz {??@Autowired??private TestService testService;??@Transactional??public void insetTes() throws Exception {????try {??????for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {????????testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");????????if (j == 3) {??????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常????????}??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println("biz層異常日志處理");??????throw new RuntimeException(ex);????}????System.out.println("biz層 正常執(zhí)行");??}}

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內(nèi)層service層

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package com.ycy.service.impl;import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;/**?* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.?*/@Servicepublic class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {??@Autowired??private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;??@Transactional??public void testInsert(int num, String name) throws Exception {????try {??????YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();??????ycyTable.setName(name);??????ycyTable.setNum(num);??????ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);??????if (num== 3) {????????int i = 1 / 0;// 此處會(huì)產(chǎn)生異常??????}????} catch (Exception ex) {??????System.out.println(num + "service異常日志處理");????????throw new RuntimeException(ex);????}????System.out.println(num + "service正常執(zhí)行");??}}

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