前人栽樹后人涼
2015年的一篇文章，公布了核心代碼，源碼下載需要5C幣。
Android 一個簡易的自定義軟鍵盤
2018年的一篇文章，在15年文章的基礎上，公布了絕大多數代碼，源碼托管在Github上。
Android 自定義車牌鍵盤
這文章雖然是自己寫的，但核心思想和代碼還是離不開前輩們的基礎，在此致謝！！
總的說要自定義軟鍵盤，要解決三件事：
1.軟鍵盤元素和布局制作。
2.軟鍵盤彈起、消失和具體操作。
3.系統鍵盤的抑制。
下面來詳細說一下：
一、軟鍵盤的制作需要Keyboard類型的XML文件內部用Row，來詳細規定一共有幾行，每行有什么元素，以及元素的位置和編號。
由于是車牌，所以涉及：1.省簡稱，2.大寫字母A-Z，3.數字0-9。布局的設計是省簡稱一組，數字字母另一組，所以需要兩組布局。
第一組省簡稱：province_abbreviation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:horizontalGap="0.0px"android:keyHeight="8%p"android:keyWidth="10%p"android:verticalGap="0.0px"><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key
android:codes="20140"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="京"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="27941"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="津"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="20864"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="冀"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="40065"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="魯"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="26187"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="晉"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="33945"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="蒙"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="36797"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="遼"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="21513"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="吉"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="40657"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="黑"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="27818"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="滬"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key
android:codes="33487"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="蘇"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="27993"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="浙"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="30358"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="皖"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="38397"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="閩"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="36195"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="贛"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="35947"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="豫"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="37122"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="鄂"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="28248"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="湘"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="31908"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="粵"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="26690"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="桂"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Key
android:codes="28189"android:horizontalGap="11%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="渝"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="24029"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="川"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="36149"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="貴"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="20113"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="云"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="34255"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="藏"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="38485"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="陜"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="29976"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="甘"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="38738"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="青"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row><Key
android:codes="-1"android:horizontalGap="4%p"android:isModifier="true"android:isSticky="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="left"android:keyLabel="ABC"android:keyWidth="15%p" /><Key
android:codes="29756"android:horizontalGap="8%p"android:keyLabel="瓊"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="26032"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="新"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="23425"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="寧"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="28207"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="港"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="28595"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="澳"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="21488"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="臺"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Key
android:codes="-3"android:horizontalGap="8%p"android:isRepeatable="true"android:keyEdgeFlags="right"android:keyLabel="刪除"android:keyWidth="13%p" /></Row></Keyboard>
省簡稱分了四行，這里要注意下最后一行“ABC”。它是切換的關鍵，android:codes=”-1”中的“-1”是鍵位的編號，這個在做觸發操作時會用到，其他的屬性有時間可以研究。
第二組字母數字：number_or_letters.xml
<?xml version=
"1.0" encoding=
"utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android=
"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:horizontalGap=
"0.0px"android:keyHeight=
"8%"android:keyWidth="10%p"android:verticalGap="0.0px
"><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="49"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left
"android:keyLabel="1"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="50"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="2"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="51"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="3"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="52"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="4"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="53"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="5"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="54"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="6"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="55"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="7"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="56"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="8"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="57"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="9"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="48"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right
"android:keyLabel="0"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="81"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left
"android:keyLabel="Q
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="87"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="W
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="69"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="E
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="82"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="R
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="84"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="T
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="89"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="Y
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="85"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="U
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="73"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="I
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="79"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="O
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="80"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right
"android:keyLabel="P
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row android:verticalGap="1%p"><Keyandroid:codes="65"android:horizontalGap="6%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="left
"android:keyLabel="A
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="83"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="S
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="68"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="D
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="70"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="F
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="71"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="G
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="72"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="H
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="74"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="J
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="75"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="K
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="76"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyEdgeFlags="right
"android:keyLabel="L
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /></Row><Row><Keyandroid:codes="-
1"android:horizontalGap="1%p"android:isModifier="true
"android:isSticky="true
"android:keyEdgeFlags="left
"android:keyLabel="省份
"android:keyWidth="13%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="90"android:horizontalGap="3%p"android:keyLabel="Z
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="88"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="X
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="67"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="C
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="86"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="V
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="66"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="B
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="78"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="N
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="77"android:horizontalGap="2%p"android:keyLabel="M
"android:keyWidth="8%p" /><Keyandroid:codes="-
3"android:horizontalGap="3%p"android:isRepeatable="true
"android:keyEdgeFlags="right
"android:keyLabel="刪除
"android:keyWidth="13%p" /></Row>
</Keyboard>
同上，這個切換在省份，code也是-1。
然后是放置軟鍵盤，由于是自定義的，所以需要放置在相應的布局中（include應該也可以，我沒試過）。要在底端顯示，布局最好是RelativeLayout。示例代碼如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><EditText
android:id="@+id/et_keyboard"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:layout_margin="20dp"android:background="#ACE"android:hint="車牌號"android:padding="10dp" /><android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView
android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:background="#DCDCDC"android:focusable="true"android:focusableInTouchMode="true"android:keyBackground="@drawable/selector_key"android:keyTextColor="#000"android:keyTextSize="16sp"android:paddingBottom="8dp"android:paddingTop="8dp"android:shadowColor="#FFFFFF"android:shadowRadius="0.0"android:visibility="gone" /></RelativeLayout>
相信我，自定義軟鍵盤如果難看，會非常難看！！我們需要加上樣式，
即：android:keyBackground=”@drawable/selector_key”
selector_key.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_key_normal" android:state_pressed="true" /><item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_key_pressed" />
</selector>
shape_key_normal.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><corners android:radius="5dp"/><solid android:color="@android:color/darker_gray" />
</shape>
shape_key_pressed.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"><corners android:radius="5dp"/><solid android:color="#ffffff" />
</shape>
布局到這里就完了，具體情況需要微調布局。下面是軟鍵盤的處理邏輯。
二、軟鍵盤的處理邏輯
由于需要對軟鍵盤進行一系列的操作，所以最好定義一個工具類來處理這些事，這也是比較關鍵的一環。
所以定義KeyboardUtil類，由于習慣的原因和18年那篇文章有些不同鍵盤可以切換，允許出現不符合格式的情況，示例代碼如下：
package com.xxx.xxx.utils;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.EditText;
import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.R;
import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/*** Class Name:* Created by xxx on 2018/7/11.* 備注：自定義軟鍵盤的工具類** @version 2018071101*/
public class KeyboardUtil {private Activity mActivity;
private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
private EditText mEdit;
/*** 省簡稱鍵盤*/private Keyboard provinceKeyboard;
/*** 數字、字母鍵盤*/private Keyboard numberKeyboard;
private boolean isProvince =
true;
public KeyboardUtil(Activity activity, EditText edit) {mActivity = activity;mEdit = edit;numberKeyboard =
new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.number_or_letters);provinceKeyboard =
new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.province_abbreviation);mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) activity.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);mKeyboardView.setEnabled(
true);mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(
false);mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(
new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {
@Overridepublic void onPress(
int primaryCode) {}
@Overridepublic void onRelease(
int primaryCode) {}
@Overridepublic void onKey(
int primaryCode,
int[] keyCodes) {Editable editable = mEdit.getText();
int start = mEdit.getSelectionStart();String reg =
"[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]";Logger.e(
"= ==" + primaryCode);
if (primaryCode == -
1) {
Logger.e(
"切換。。。");
if (isProvince) {changeKeyboard(
true);}
else {changeKeyboard(
false);}
}
else if (primaryCode == -
3) {
if (editable !=
null && editable.length() >
0) {
if (editable.length() ==
1) {changeKeyboard(
false);}
if (start >
0) {editable.delete(start -
1, start);}}}
else {editable.insert(start, Character.toString((
char) primaryCode));
if (mEdit.getText().toString().matches(reg)) {changeKeyboard(
true);}}}
@Overridepublic void onText(CharSequence text) {}
@Overridepublic void swipeLeft() {}
@Overridepublic void swipeRight() {}
@Overridepublic void swipeDown() {}
@Overridepublic void swipeUp() {}});}
/*** 指定切換軟鍵盤 isNumber false表示要切換為省份簡稱軟鍵盤 true表示要切換為數字軟鍵盤*/private void changeKeyboard(
boolean isNumber) {
if (isNumber) {mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(numberKeyboard);isProvince =
false;}
else {mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);isProvince =
true;}}
/*** 軟鍵盤展示狀態*/public boolean isShow() {
return mKeyboardView.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;}
/*** 軟鍵盤展示*/public void showKeyboard() {
int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();
if (visibility == View.GONE || visibility == View.INVISIBLE) {mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);}}
/*** 軟鍵盤隱藏*/public void hideKeyboard() {
int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();
if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);}}
/*** 禁掉系統軟鍵盤*/public void hideSoftInputMethod() {mActivity.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);
int currentVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;String methodName =
null;
if (currentVersion >=
16) {methodName =
"setShowSoftInputOnFocus";}
else if (currentVersion >=
14) {methodName =
"setSoftInputShownOnFocus";}
if (methodName ==
null) {mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);}
else {Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;
try {setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod(methodName,
boolean.class);setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(
true);setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(mEdit,
false);}
catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);e.printStackTrace();}
catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}
}
這部分的代碼大同小異。然后是Activity中的引用（只在需要車牌的地方觸發，其他的Edit Text是不影響的）。
三、Activity示例代碼：
package com.xxx.xxx;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.ui.BaseAty;
import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.utils.KeyboardUtil;
import com.haorizi.dipuchuangxin.utils.PtrHelper;
import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger;
import butterknife.Bind;
import butterknife.OnClick;
import in.srain.cube.views.ptr.PtrDefaultHandler;
import in.srain.cube.views.ptr.PtrFrameLayout;
/*** Class Name:* Created by xxx .* 簡介：* Data： 2018/5/14.** @version 2018061401 xxx*/public class TextAty extends BaseAty {@Bind(R.id.keyboard_view)KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
@Bind(R.id.et_keyboard)EditText et;
private KeyboardUtil keyboardUtil;
@Overridepublic int getLayoutId() {
return R.layout.soft_key_board;}
@Overridepublic void initData() {et.setOnTouchListener(
new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (keyboardUtil ==
null){keyboardUtil =
new KeyboardUtil(TextAty.
this, et);keyboardUtil.hideSoftInputMethod();keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();}
else {keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();}
return false;}});et.addTextChangedListener(
new TextWatcher() {
@Overridepublic void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s,
int start,
int count,
int after) {}
@Overridepublic void onTextChanged(CharSequence s,
int start,
int before,
int count) {}
@Overridepublic void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {}});}
@Overridepublic boolean onKeyDown(
int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){
if(keyboardUtil !=
null && keyboardUtil.isShow()){keyboardUtil.hideKeyboard();}
else {finish();}}
return false;}
@Overridepublic void requestData() {Logger.e(
"stop refresh...");showToast(
"stop refresh...");}
}
至此完結，眼下鍵盤還有不能自己消失，需要點擊手機上的返回鍵，后期優化吧，這倒不難。
version 2018171801 剛發現一個錯誤，在返回鍵監聽的方法中，要先判斷keyboardUtil是否為null，如果沒彈起直接點返回會報空指針。
總結
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