題目描述：

(1)模擬登陸界面，判別用戶名和密碼，給出合適的提示，如果超過三次，鎖定輸入。用代替密碼；或者最新輸入顯示，前面的變成；安全性措施。
(2)同時添加如下圖的加強驗證（京東）。
(3)在觸動滾動條時再出現空缺位置。

拓展：

• 增加注冊頁面，可供用戶注冊新用戶
• 增加數字驗證碼區別人機

解題思路/算法分析/問題及解決

滑塊驗證就是將滑塊的移動和圖片小塊的移動相綁定，在滑塊松開時觸發相對應的檢查函數，為了有一定的容錯率，設定滑塊的位置與設定的位置相差3個像素以內即算驗證成功。

• 每次的位置隨機生成，同時隨即從14張事先準備好的圖片中選取一張作為背景圖。
• 圖片小塊和背景圖片分別放在兩個不同的QLabel容器中。
• 每次刷新時將背景圖片的相應位置摳出放于圖片小塊中，并將背景圖片的相應部分置為白色以示區別。
  拓展：
• 新增注冊頁部分就是點擊按鈕彈出注冊頁的對話框，可在里面輸入新用戶信息并保存到用戶信息字典中，隨后可用新注冊的用戶登錄。
• 數字驗證碼由4位數字0-9和字母a-z及A-Z組成，隨機在可行字符集中選取4個字符組成四位驗證碼，然后自動生成驗證碼以圖片的方式呈現給用戶。

實驗代碼

登錄主界面：
登錄驗證：

def check_login_func(self):if not self.validate_line.text():QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "還未輸入驗證碼")returnvalidate_slide = Validate_page()r = validate_slide.exec_()if not r:returnif self.validate.upper() == self.validate_line.text().upper():if USER_PWD.get(self.user_line.text()) == self.pwd_line.text():QMessageBox.information(self, 'Information', 'Log in Successfully!')self.nums = 0self.refresh()# self.close()# self.STU.exec()else:QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'Wrong Username or Password!')self.nums = self.nums + 1if self.nums == 3:QMessageBox.critical(self, "wrong", "密碼輸錯次數已達三次！")self.close()self.user_line.clear()self.pwd_line.clear()self.validate_line.clear()else:QMessageBox.critical(self, "wrong", "驗證碼輸入有誤！")self.refresh()self.validate_line.clear()

自動生成驗證碼圖片：

def get_chars():"""生成給定長度的字符串，返回列表格式"""return random.sample(chars, length)def create_lines():"""繪制干擾線"""line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干擾線條數for i in range(line_num):# 起始點begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))# 結束點end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))def create_points():"""繪制干擾點"""chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]for w in range(width):for h in range(height):tmp = random.randint(0, 100)if tmp > 100 - chance:draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))def create_strs():"""繪制驗證碼字符"""c_chars = get_chars()strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每個字符前后以空格隔開font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)return ''.join(c_chars)if draw_lines:create_lines()if draw_points:create_points()strs = create_strs()# 圖形扭曲參數params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,0,0,0,1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,0.001,float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500]img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 創建扭曲img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 濾鏡，邊界加強（閾值更大）mstream = io.BytesIO()img.save(mstream, img_type)if save_img:img.save("validate.jpg", img_type)return mstream, strs

注冊界面部分：
頁面初始化：

def __init__(self):super(SigninPage, self).__init__()self.signin_user_label = QLabel('Username:', self)self.signin_pwd_label = QLabel('Password:', self)self.signin_pwd2_label = QLabel('Password:', self)self.signin_user_line = QLineEdit(self)self.signin_pwd_line = QLineEdit(self)self.signin_pwd2_line = QLineEdit(self)self.signin_button = QPushButton('Sign in', self)self.user_h_layout = QHBoxLayout()self.pwd_h_layout = QHBoxLayout()self.pwd2_h_layout = QHBoxLayout()self.all_v_layout = QVBoxLayout()self.lineedit_init()self.pushbutton_init()self.layout_init()def layout_init(self):self.user_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_user_label)self.user_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_user_line)self.pwd_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd_label)self.pwd_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd_line)self.pwd2_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd2_label)self.pwd2_h_layout.addWidget(self.signin_pwd2_line)self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.user_h_layout)self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.pwd_h_layout)self.all_v_layout.addLayout(self.pwd2_h_layout)self.all_v_layout.addWidget(self.signin_button)self.setLayout(self.all_v_layout)def lineedit_init(self):self.signin_user_line.setPlaceholderText("username")self.signin_pwd_line.setPlaceholderText("password")self.signin_pwd2_line.setPlaceholderText("password again")self.signin_pwd_line.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password)self.signin_pwd2_line.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password)self.signin_user_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func)self.signin_pwd_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func)self.signin_pwd2_line.textChanged.connect(self.check_input_func)

注冊檢驗部分：

def check_signin_func(self):if self.signin_pwd_line.text() != self.signin_pwd2_line.text():QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'Two Passwords Typed Are Not Same!')elif self.signin_user_line.text() not in USER_PWD:USER_PWD[self.signin_user_line.text()] = self.signin_pwd_line.text()QMessageBox.information(self, 'Information', 'Register Successfully')self.close()else:QMessageBox.critical(self, 'Wrong', 'This Username Has Been Registered!')self.signin_user_line.clear()self.signin_pwd_line.clear()self.signin_pwd2_line.clear()

滑塊驗證部分：

class Validate_page(QDialog):def __init__(self):super(Validate_page, self).__init__()self.resize(600, 500)self.setWindowTitle("拖動滑塊驗證")self.initUI()self.Widget_init()self.refresh()# self.show()def initUI(self):# 初始化相關控件位置self.lb_bg = QLabel(self)self.lb_sl = QLabel(self)self.lb_bg.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid red")# self.lb_sl.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid blue")self.lb_bg.setGeometry(100, 100, 400, 200)self.lb_wz = QLabel(self)# self.lb_wz.setStyleSheet("border: 2px solid green")self.refresh()self.button = QPushButton("取消", self)self.button.setGeometry(400, 430, 100, 50)self.slider = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)self.slider.setGeometry(100, 350, 400, 50)def Widget_init(self):# 初始化相關組件的信號連接self.slider.setMinimum(0)self.slider.setMaximum(360)self.slider.valueChanged.connect(self.slide)self.slider.sliderReleased.connect(self.check)self.button.clicked.connect(self.cancel)def slide(self, value):self.lb_sl.move(100 + value, self.answer_y) # 將滑塊與圖片小塊綁定# print(value)def refresh(self):import random# 隨機生成驗證區域self.answer_x = random.randint(100, 460)self.answer_y = random.randint(100, 260)pic = random.randint(0, 14)self.lb_sl.setGeometry(100, self.answer_y, 40, 40)self.lb_wz.setGeometry(self.answer_x, self.answer_y, 40, 40)img = cv2.imread(f"pic/{pic}.jpeg") # 讀取背景圖片img = cv2.resize(img, (400, 200))x = self.answer_x - 100y = self.answer_y - 100img1 = copy.copy(img[y:y + 40, x:x + 40]) # 扣40*40的圖片小塊img[y:y + 40, x:x + 40] = 255 # 將被扣區域置為白色img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)img1 = cv2.cvtColor(img1, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)qt_img = QImage(img.data, 400, 200, QImage.Format_RGB888)qt_img1 = QImage(img1.data, 40, 40, QImage.Format_RGB888)self.lb_bg.setPixmap(QPixmap.fromImage(qt_img))self.lb_sl.setPixmap(QPixmap.fromImage(qt_img1))def check(self): # 檢驗滑動驗證是否成功# 獲取設定區域坐標x = self.lb_sl.pos().x()y = self.lb_sl.pos().y()print(f"({x},{y})")if abs(x - self.answer_x) <= 3: # 容錯為3pxQMessageBox.information(self, "恭喜", "驗證成功")self.done(1)else:QMessageBox.critical(self, "錯誤", "驗證失敗")self.slider.setValue(0)self.refresh()def cancel(self):self.done(0) # 點擊取消滑動驗證

運行結果

全部背景圖片：

注冊界面：

完整代碼
【網盤鏈接】
提取碼：27yz

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