C# 异步IO
異步IO
首先IO是什么?
IO:是input和output 的縮寫,就是輸入和輸出
那異步IO又是什么?
程序不因為IO調用而被阻塞,就可以說程序是異步的。
異步IO的好處:
如果IO請求需要大量時間執行的話,異步文件IO方式可以顯著提高效率,因為在線程等待的這段時間內,CPU將會調度其他線程進行執行,如果沒有其他線程需要執行的話,這段時間將會浪費掉(可能會調度操作系統的零頁線程)。
什么情況不應該使用異步IO?
IO請求操作很快的時候
C# 中異步IO的使用
1.異步寫文件:
static void WriteFlie(string FileName,string message){StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();builder.AppendFormat("等級:{0}\n","IV");builder.AppendFormat("類型:{0}\n","erro");builder.AppendFormat("時間:{0}\n", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-mm-dd HH:mm:ss.fff"));builder.AppendFormat("信息:{0}\n", message);const int maxsize = 100000;ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads(1000, 1000);PrintMessage("主線程開始執行");// 初始化FileStream對象FileStream filestream = new FileStream(FileName+".txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.ReadWrite, 100, true);//打印文件流打開的方式Console.WriteLine("文件流打開方式是否為異步{0}", filestream.IsAsync ? "是" : "否");byte[] writebytes = new byte[maxsize];string writemessage = builder.ToString();writebytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(writemessage);Console.WriteLine("信息大小: {0} 字節(byte)\n", writebytes.Length);// 調用異步寫入方法比信息寫入到文件中filestream.BeginWrite(writebytes, 0, writebytes.Length, new AsyncCallback(EndWriteCallback), filestream);filestream.Flush();}// 當把數據寫入文件完成后調用此方法來結束異步寫操作private static void EndWriteCallback(IAsyncResult asyncResult){Thread.Sleep(500);PrintMessage("異步方法啟動");FileStream filestream = asyncResult.AsyncState as FileStream;// 結束異步寫入數據filestream.EndWrite(asyncResult);filestream.Close();}// 打印線程池信息private static void PrintMessage(String data){int workthreadnumber;int iothreadnumber;// 獲得線程池中可用的線程,把獲得的可用工作者線程數量賦給workthreadnumber變量// 獲得的可用I/O線程數量給iothreadnumber變量ThreadPool.GetAvailableThreads(out workthreadnumber, out iothreadnumber);Console.WriteLine("{0}\n 當前線程ID: {1}\n 當前線程是否是后臺線程 :{2}\n 工作線程數:{3}\n IO線程數: {4}\n",data,Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,Thread.CurrentThread.IsBackground.ToString(),workthreadnumber.ToString(),iothreadnumber.ToString());}輸出結果:
異步讀取文件
const int maxsize = 1024;static byte[] readbytes = new byte[maxsize];static void Main(string[] args){WriteFlie("test", "測試異步讀寫文件");ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads(1000, 1000);PrintMessage("主線程開始執行");// 初始化FileStream對象FileStream filestream = new FileStream("test.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.ReadWrite, 100, false);// 異步讀取文件內容filestream.BeginRead(readbytes, 0, readbytes.Length, new AsyncCallback(EndReadCallback), filestream);Console.Read();}private static void EndReadCallback(IAsyncResult asyncResult){Thread.Sleep(1000);PrintMessage("異步方法啟動");// 把AsyncResult.AsyncState轉換為State對象FileStream readstream = (FileStream)asyncResult.AsyncState;int readlength = readstream.EndRead(asyncResult);if (readlength <= 0){Console.WriteLine("讀取錯誤");return;}string readmessage = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(readbytes, 0, readlength);Console.WriteLine("讀出的數據為 :\n" + readmessage);readstream.Close();}輸出結果:
總結
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