如何進(jìn)入游戲行業(yè)

We’re living in some weird-ass times. One of the unfortunate results of a global pandemic is loss of jobs and financial security. While people continue to deal with this, the prospect of entering a new field — especially one that’s slightly better equipped to handle these circumstances — may be interesting.

我們生活在一個(gè)奇怪的時(shí)代。 全球大流行的不幸結(jié)果之一是失業(yè)和財(cái)務(wù)安全。 當(dāng)人們繼續(xù)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，進(jìn)入一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域的前景可能會(huì)很有趣，尤其是能夠更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這些情況的領(lǐng)域。

Below, you’ll find a handful of valuable tips for folks looking to enter the fields of Product/User Experience Design. These tips are based on my own experience of transitioning into the field as well as years of mentoring, managing, and hiring designers at companies like Airbnb, Khan Academy, and Big Cartel.

下面，您將找到一些有用的提示，供那些希望進(jìn)入產(chǎn)品/用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域的人們使用。 這些技巧是基于我自己過(guò)渡到該領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及在Airbnb，Khan Academy和Big Cartel等公司指導(dǎo)，管理和聘用設(shè)計(jì)師多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

1.了解不同的角色 (1. Understand the Different Roles)

Technology companies can have Brand Designers, User Experience/Product Designers, Motion Designers, Production Designers, User Researchers, and more! Besides design, there’s also Product Management, Software Engineering, Customer Support, and Data Science.

科技公司可以擁有品牌設(shè)計(jì)師，用戶(hù)體驗(yàn)/產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師，動(dòng)作設(shè)計(jì)師，產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師，用戶(hù)研究員等！ 除了設(shè)計(jì)，還有產(chǎn)品管理，軟件工程，客戶(hù)支持和數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)。

All of these won’t exist at every company, but it’s worth understanding these roles and how they may or may not align with your interests.

所有這些都不是每個(gè)公司都存在的，但是值得了解這些角色以及它們?nèi)绾闻c您的利益保持一致。

Practical Tip:

實(shí)用提示：

Visit the careers page of any medium or large technology company and see the roles they have available.

訪(fǎng)問(wèn)任何中型或大型技術(shù)公司的職業(yè)頁(yè)面，并查看他們的職位。

Read the job descriptions to get a sense of what each role is about. This will help you understand which roles best align with your interest. Knowing this helps you better focus your efforts. For example, if your passion is User Research, you probably don’t need to perfect your visual design skills!

閱讀工作說(shuō)明，以了解每個(gè)角色的含義。 這將幫助您了解哪些角色最符合您的興趣。 知道這一點(diǎn)有助于您更好地集中精力。 例如，如果您對(duì)User Research感興趣，那么您可能不需要完善視覺(jué)設(shè)計(jì)技能！

To go one step further, reach out to people on LinkedIn who are in the positions you’re interested in to learn more. This won’t have a great success rate, but it’s low risk/high reward.

要更進(jìn)一步，請(qǐng)與您感興趣的職位的LinkedIn上的人員聯(lián)系以了解更多信息。 這不會(huì)有很大的成功率，但是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低/回報(bào)高。

2.盡早專(zhuān)注于手Craft.io (2. Focus On Your Craft Early)

Fight the urge to perfect your resume, portfolio, or interviewing skills if you haven’t yet devoted enough time to improving your design skills. Your design skill is usually apparent right away and that’s what hiring managers will care most about!

如果您還沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間來(lái)改善自己的設(shè)計(jì)技能，則可以消除完善自己的簡(jiǎn)歷，作品集或面試技巧的沖動(dòng)。 您的設(shè)計(jì)技巧通常會(huì)立即顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而這正是招聘經(jīng)理最關(guān)心的！

This industry is competitive — take the time needed to get better first. This of course assumes you’ve got the luxury of some other way to earn income as you develop, which isn’t a luxury we’re all afforded.

這個(gè)行業(yè)具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)-花費(fèi)時(shí)間先取得好。 當(dāng)然，這是假設(shè)您在開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中擁有其他賺錢(qián)方式的奢侈，而這并不是我們所有人都能負(fù)擔(dān)的。

Practical Tip:

實(shí)用提示：

Screenshot any app or website that’s well-designed (start with Apple Design Award winners). Bring it into your design software of choice and drop the opacity down to ~30%. Recreate the app as precisely as you can atop the original —like digital tracing paper.

截屏設(shè)計(jì)良好的任何應(yīng)用程序或網(wǎng)站(從Apple Design Award獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呷胧?。 將其放入您選擇的設(shè)計(jì)軟件中，并將不透明度降低到約30％。 在原始數(shù)字(如數(shù)字描圖紙)上盡可能精確地重新創(chuàng)建應(yīng)用程序。

Over time, this will help you understand appropriate type choices, color choices, button sizing, layouts, etc. The more you do this, the better you’ll understand “the rules”. After you know the rules, you can learn which ones to break.

隨著時(shí)間的流逝，這將幫助您了解適當(dāng)?shù)念?lèi)型選擇，顏色選擇，按鈕大小，布局等。您做得越多，您就會(huì)越了解“規(guī)則”。 知道了規(guī)則之后，您就可以了解要打破哪些規(guī)則。

Apply this same methodology to interaction design by studying popular patterns and recreating them in prototyping apps like InVision, Marvel, or Principle.

通過(guò)研究流行的模式并在InVision，Marvel或Principle等原型應(yīng)用中重新創(chuàng)建模式，將相同的方法應(yīng)用于交互設(shè)計(jì)。

3.作為非設(shè)計(jì)師擁有自己的過(guò)去 (3. Own Your Past as a Non-Designer)

Design experience is important for a design job, but there’s great value in the experience you’ve gained in your prior career!

設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)工作很重要，但是您在以前的職業(yè)中獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)具有巨大的價(jià)值！

Good design teams know that building a diverse team is critical to building successful products. In addition to ethnic and gender diversity — which are most critical — diversity of education, career path, and location is also valued.

優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)知道，建立一支多元化的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)于打造成功的產(chǎn)品至關(guān)重要。 除了種族和性別多樣性(這是最關(guān)鍵的)之外，教育，職業(yè)道路和位置的多樣性也受到重視。

Practical Tip:

實(shí)用提示：

Research the role(s) you’re interested in and understand what process they follow. Then, find commonalities between your experience and the new role.

研究您感興趣的角色，并了解他們遵循的流程。 然后，在您的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和新職位之間找到共同點(diǎn)。

As a chemist, you learned how to test hypotheses and measure results — something designers do. As a PR expert, you learned to master communication and fight fires — something designers do. As a painter, you learned how to iterate and embrace challenges with your medium — something designers do. As a community organizer you learned to use your passion to rally many people together towards a common goal — something designers do. There are many more examples like this.

作為一名化學(xué)家，您學(xué)會(huì)了如何檢驗(yàn)假設(shè)和衡量結(jié)果-設(shè)計(jì)師可以做到。 作為一名PR專(zhuān)家，您學(xué)會(huì)了溝通和撲滅火災(zāi)-設(shè)計(jì)師可以做到。 作為畫(huà)家，您學(xué)習(xí)了如何遍歷和應(yīng)對(duì)媒介所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，這正是設(shè)計(jì)師所做的。 作為社區(qū)組織者，您學(xué)會(huì)了用自己的熱情將許多人團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，以實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)-設(shè)計(jì)師所做的。 還有更多類(lèi)似的例子。

4.尋找導(dǎo)師 (4. Find a Mentor)

A mentor with professional experience in your desired field can make a huge difference in your career trajectory! Good mentors can provide all sorts of value for new designers. For example, they can provide feedback on your projects, help you refine your resume and portfolio, connect you to others in the industry, share learnings they’ve had throughout their career, and more. Having a resource like this can be a difference maker when it comes to succeeding.

在您期望的領(lǐng)域中具有專(zhuān)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的導(dǎo)師可以對(duì)您的職業(yè)發(fā)展道路產(chǎn)生巨大的影響！ 優(yōu)秀的導(dǎo)師可以為新設(shè)計(jì)師提供各種價(jià)值。 例如，他們可以提供有關(guān)您的項(xiàng)目的反饋，幫助您完善簡(jiǎn)歷和投資組合，將您與行業(yè)中的其他人聯(lián)系起來(lái)，分享他們?cè)谡麄€(gè)職業(yè)生涯中獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)等等。 在成功方面，擁有這樣的資源可能會(huì)有所作為。

Practical Tip:

實(shí)用提示：

Start by studying people who are in jobs that are especially intriguing to you or who have the job that you want 5–10 years from now.

首先研究那些對(duì)您特別有吸引力的工作或從現(xiàn)在起5到10年內(nèi)擁有您想要的工作的人。

Instead of asking them to be your mentor right away, just ask to have a conversation (kindly and respectfully, of course). From there, you can feel out if the relationship is a good fit.

與其要求他們立即成為您的導(dǎo)師，不如要求他們進(jìn)行一次交談(當(dāng)然，要有禮貌和尊重)。 從那里，您可以確定這種關(guān)系是否合適。

Be prepared to ask specific questions and show that you’ve studied them and their path. After the conversation, follow up and keep the door open for continued conversations. More often than not, the responsibility falls on the mentee to create agendas, create discussion prompts, etc. Take it seriously and they will too!

準(zhǔn)備提出具體問(wèn)題，并表明您已經(jīng)研究了它們及其路徑。 對(duì)話(huà)后，請(qǐng)跟進(jìn)并打開(kāi)門(mén)，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行對(duì)話(huà)。 通常，責(zé)任落在受訓(xùn)者身上，以創(chuàng)建議程，創(chuàng)建討論提示等。認(rèn)真對(duì)待它，他們也會(huì)這樣做！

5.加入設(shè)計(jì)社區(qū)。 (5. Join Design Communities.)

Just like having a mentor, it’s useful to have peers you can share with and learn from. Many design communities encourage sharing job postings, giving feedback to one another, and uplifting folks who have been laid off by sharing their portfolios and resumes.

就像有一位導(dǎo)師一樣，擁有可以與之分享和學(xué)習(xí)的同伴也很有用。 許多設(shè)計(jì)社區(qū)都鼓勵(lì)分享工作崗位，互相反饋，并通過(guò)分享自己的作品集和簡(jiǎn)歷來(lái)培養(yǎng)被解雇的人。

Having access to these resources and to people tackling similar challenges can be super helpful as a newcomer to the industry.

作為這些行業(yè)的新手，擁有這些資源以及應(yīng)對(duì)類(lèi)似挑戰(zhàn)的人員可能會(huì)非常有幫助。

Practical Tip:

實(shí)用提示：

Slack is one of the most useful ways to engage with others in the design community! There are hundreds of different groups ranging from broad to niche, junior to more experienced, etc. Explore these communities and join the ones that feel most relevant. Here’s a good place to start.

Slack是與設(shè)計(jì)社區(qū)中的其他人互動(dòng)的最有用的方法之一！ 有數(shù)百個(gè)不同的群體，范圍廣泛，從小眾到初級(jí)，再到經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，等等。探索這些社區(qū)并加入最相關(guān)的社區(qū)。 這是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的起點(diǎn) 。

Also consider exploring Facebook and LinkedIn for additional communities, Eventbrite for local and remote events, Dribbble for posting work and getting inspiration, Figma, Sketch, or Adobe XD communities for having tool-specific discussions, and Twitter for general design and technology discourse.

還可以考慮探索Facebook和LinkedIn，以獲得更多社區(qū)，Eventbrite了解本地和遠(yuǎn)程事件，Dribbble發(fā)布工作并獲得靈感，Figma，Sketch或Adobe XD社區(qū)進(jìn)行特定工具的討論，Twitter進(jìn)行常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)和技術(shù)討論。

閉幕 (Closing)

I hope you find these tips useful as you consider a potential career shift. Here’s some additional thoughts I’ll leave you with:

我希望您在考慮可能的職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些技巧有用。 這是我的一些其他想法：

A lot of popular design discourse is dominated by white men. Go out of your way to engage in conversations led by people of color — especially women and non-binary people of color. Their perspectives are invaluable and regularly underrepresented in this field.

許多流行的設(shè)計(jì)論述都由白人主導(dǎo)。 盡力參與有色人種尤其是女性和非二元有色人種領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的對(duì)話(huà)。 他們的觀點(diǎn)是無(wú)價(jià)的，在這一領(lǐng)域經(jīng)常被忽視。

Communication and storytelling are critical parts of a designer’s job. Read books and articles about this topic to develop your skills here and increase your chances of succeeding.

交流和講故事是設(shè)計(jì)師工作的關(guān)鍵部分。 閱讀有關(guān)該主題的書(shū)籍和文章，以在這里發(fā)展技能并增加成功的機(jī)會(huì)。

Non-profits and social-good organizations are an incredible place to practice your design skills while also making a positive impact on the world. There are fewer opportunities, but they are well worth searching for. My time at Khan Academy bolstered my personal and professional growth in ways I couldn’t have expected.

非營(yíng)利組織和社會(huì)公益組織是實(shí)踐您的設(shè)計(jì)技能同時(shí)又對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生積極影響的絕佳場(chǎng)所。 機(jī)會(huì)較少，但值得尋找。 我在汗學(xué)院 ( Khan Academy)的經(jīng)歷以我無(wú)法預(yù)料的方式促進(jìn)了我的個(gè)人和職業(yè)發(fā)展。

Research, research, research! This is a critical skill for any designer to develop. While many large companies will have dedicated research resources, most smaller companies won’t. Learn the basics of this as early as possible.

研究，研究，研究！ 對(duì)于任何設(shè)計(jì)師來(lái)說(shuō)，這都是至關(guān)重要的技能。 盡管許多大公司將擁有專(zhuān)門(mén)的研究資源，但大多數(shù)小公司卻沒(méi)有。 盡早學(xué)習(xí)此基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。

I’ve had a number of special relationships with other designers, but I am most thankful for my former manager and forever mentor, May-Li Khoe who is most responsible for how I manage and grow designers. Follow her for lots of great design and non-design stuff!

我與其他設(shè)計(jì)師有很多特殊的關(guān)系，但我要感謝我的前任經(jīng)理和永遠(yuǎn)的導(dǎo)師May-Li Khoe ，他對(duì)我如何管理和發(fā)展設(shè)計(jì)師負(fù)有最大責(zé)任。 跟隨她進(jìn)行許多出色的設(shè)計(jì)和非設(shè)計(jì)工作！

翻譯自: https://uxdesign.cc/entering-the-design-industry-91dd9a826be3

如何進(jìn)入游戲行業(yè)

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