[GRE] 填空经典1290题 错题(一)
1. In a book that inclines to _____, an epilogue arguing that ballet is dead arrives simply as one more overstatement.
A pessimism
B misinterpretation
C imprecision
D vagueness
E exaggeration
F hyperbole
?來(lái)源:Section 1 Easy
【答案】E F
【解析】空格對(duì)應(yīng)后面的 overstatement,所以正確答案選 EF 選項(xiàng)。 exaggeration 夸張,hyperbole 夸張。
【句子翻譯】在一本趨向于夸張的書中,一個(gè)議論芭蕾已死的結(jié)語(yǔ)僅僅是一個(gè)夸張的說(shuō)法。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
misinterpretation 誤解
imprecision 不精確
vagueness 含糊
2. The economic recovery was somewhat lopsided: (i)_____ in some of the industrial economies while (ii)_____ in others of them.
| Blank(i) | Blank(ii) |
| unexpected?????? | robust |
| feeble | turbulent |
| swift | predictable |
?來(lái)源:Section 2 Easy
【答案】B D
【解析】lopsided 可知前后空格反義,所以在選項(xiàng)中能夠選出 BD 選項(xiàng)。feeble 虛弱的,robust 強(qiáng)壯的。
【句子翻譯】經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇開始變的有點(diǎn)不平衡。有些工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)十分無(wú)力,但另一些卻在迅速崛起。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A. unexpected意外的,想不到的
B. feeble微弱的,無(wú)力的;虛弱的
C. swift快的;迅速的;敏捷的;立刻的
D. robust強(qiáng)健的;健康的;粗野的;粗魯?shù)?br /> E. turbulent騷亂的,混亂的;狂暴的;吵鬧的
F. predictable可預(yù)言的
3. Members of the union`s negotiating team insisted on several changes to the company`s proposal before they would support it, making it clear that they would _____ no compromise.
A disclose
B reject
C brook
D tolerate
E repudiate
F weigh
?來(lái)源:Section 2 Easy
【答案】C D
【解析】題目中的insisted on表明公會(huì)強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度,所以對(duì) compromise 是不會(huì)接受的,no 體現(xiàn)“不會(huì)”這層否定意思,所以空格選“接受”這層意思,所以正確答案選 CD。brook 容忍,tolerate 容忍
【句子翻譯】工會(huì)協(xié)商組里面的人員堅(jiān)持在支持這個(gè)提議之前一定要有公司的一些改變,很明顯,他們不會(huì)容忍任何妥協(xié)。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.disclose公開;揭露
B.reject拒絕;排斥;抵制;丟棄
C.brook忍受;容忍? Syn. tolerate
D.tolerate忍受;默許;寬恕
E.repudiate拒絕;否定;批判;與…斷絕關(guān)系;
F.weigh權(quán)衡;考慮;
4. During the Renaissance, the use of optical lenses, which were capable of projecting images onto blank canvases, greatly aided artists by allowing them to accurately observe and depict the external world; in other words, these lenses were instrumental in conveying _____.
Aidealism
Boptimism
Cambition
Drealism
Esanguinity
Fverisimilitude
?來(lái)源:Section 2 Easy?
【答案】D F
【解析】通過(guò)by allowing them to accurately observe and depict the external world 得知這些鏡片是來(lái)幫助人們準(zhǔn)確觀察和描繪世界的,所以對(duì)應(yīng)的答案選 DF 選項(xiàng)。realism 真實(shí),verisimilitude 真實(shí)。
【句子翻譯】在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期,光學(xué)鏡,這種能夠反射圖像到一個(gè)空白的帆布上的鏡片,是被用來(lái)輔助藝術(shù)家們工作,通過(guò)允許他們更加準(zhǔn)確的觀察并且描述外界世界,換句話來(lái)說(shuō),這些鏡片被用來(lái)幫助創(chuàng)造逼真的畫作。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
idealism唯心主義,理想主義;
optimism樂(lè)觀;樂(lè)觀主義
ambition野心,雄心;抱負(fù),志向
realism現(xiàn)實(shí)主義;實(shí)在論;
sanguinity樂(lè)天,有自信心;樂(lè)觀,樂(lè)觀主義
verisimilitude真實(shí)性;逼真
5. The laboratory maze has grown ever less _____ since it was first invented instead of hoping to lose a rodent in a labyrinth; today`s scientists design mazes to elicit a few simple, easily measured behaviors.
A intricate
B extensive
C effective
D convoluted
E useful
F prevalent
?來(lái)源:Section 3 Easy
【解析】today’s scientists design mazes to elicit a few simple, easily measured behaviors 說(shuō)明迷宮已經(jīng)變得不那么“迷”了,正確答案選 AD 選項(xiàng)。 intricate 復(fù)雜的,convoluted 錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的。
【句子翻譯】這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的迷宮演變逐漸地不再?gòu)?fù)雜,因?yàn)樗婚_始被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)并不是為了觀察嚙齒類動(dòng)物逃出迷宮,今天的科學(xué)家們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的迷宮是為了引出幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的容易被測(cè)量的行為。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
intricate? ?復(fù)雜的;錯(cuò)綜的,纏結(jié)的
extensive? 廣泛的;大量的;廣闊的
effective? 有效的,起作用的;實(shí)際的;
convoluted? 復(fù)雜的;費(fèi)解的;旋繞的;
useful? 有用的,有益的;有幫助的;
prevalent? 流行的;普遍的,廣傳的
6. In mathematics, judgments about the validity of proofs are mediated by peer-reviewed journals; to ensure _____, reviewers are carefully chosen by journal editors, and the identity of scholars whose papers are under consideration are kept secret.
A timelessness
B originality
C fairness
D comprehensiveness
E objectivity
F novelty
??來(lái)源:Section 3 Easy
【答案】C E
【解析】reviewers are carefully chosen by journal editors 說(shuō)明這種同行評(píng)議期刊要確保一種公平,所以認(rèn)真選人,正確答案選 CE 選項(xiàng)。fairness 公平,objectivity 客觀性。
【句子翻譯】在數(shù)學(xué)界,證明過(guò)程有效性的判斷,要交由同行評(píng)議期刊裁定,為確保公正客觀,評(píng)委由期刊編輯甄選,評(píng)審對(duì)象的身份也對(duì)評(píng)委保密。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
timelessness? 永恒,不朽;不受時(shí)間影響
originality? 創(chuàng)意;獨(dú)創(chuàng)性,創(chuàng)造力;
fairness? 公平;美好;清晰;
comprehensiveness? 綜合;詳盡
objectivity? 客觀;客觀性
novelty? 新奇;新奇的事物;
7. The employee had a reputation for fractiousness, but his coworkers found him to be, on the contrary, quiet _____.
A insightful
B affable
C sagacious
D capable
E easygoing
F productive
?來(lái)源:Section 4 Easy
【答案】B E
【解析】on the contrary 看出取前面 fractiousness 反義,正確答案選 BE 選項(xiàng)。affable 和藹可親的,easygoing 隨和的。
【句子翻譯】這個(gè)老板有著易怒的名聲,但他的同事卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他是,相反的,十分隨和。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
insightful 有深刻見解的,富有洞察力的;
affable 和藹可親的;友善的;
sagacious 睿智的,聰慧的;有遠(yuǎn)見的,聰慧的;
capable 能干的,能勝任的;有才華的;
easygoing 隨和的;
productive 能生產(chǎn)的;生產(chǎn)的;多產(chǎn)的;
8. Even though women in the US would not gain the rights to vote until 1920, throughout the nineteenth century many feminist goals were gradually _____, especially the rights of married women to control their own property.
A realized
B abandoned
C eroded
D modified
E revised
F achieved
?來(lái)源:Section 4 Easy
【答案】A F
【解析】1920 年之前女性沒(méi)有投票權(quán),后來(lái)逐漸有了這種權(quán)利,正確答案選 AF 選項(xiàng)。realize實(shí)現(xiàn),achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)。注意題目的realize用了“實(shí)現(xiàn)”這層意思。
【句子翻譯】盡管在美國(guó)女人沒(méi)有投票權(quán),直到 1920 年之后,在十九世紀(jì)很多女權(quán)主義者的目標(biāo)逐漸得到了實(shí)現(xiàn),尤其是已婚女士能夠掌控自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
realized? 實(shí)現(xiàn)的;已實(shí)現(xiàn);
abandoned? 被拋棄的;無(wú)約束的;
eroded? 被侵蝕的,損壞了的;
modified? 改進(jìn)的,修改的;改良的;
revised? 改進(jìn)的;
achieved? 取得的;完成的;
9. Since it was committed to the idea of science as an international, politically neutral enterprise, the Royal Society of London refused to _____ members from enemy nations during world wars of the twentieth century.
A betray
B expel
C endorse
D oust
E sanction
F condemn
來(lái)源:Section 6 Easy
【答案】B D
【解析】整句since連接的因果關(guān)系,因?yàn)橹铝τ谑侵辛⑹聵I(yè)的概念,RSL 拒絕對(duì)敵國(guó)的科學(xué)家做出不利的事,所以正確答案選 BD 選項(xiàng)。expel 驅(qū)趕,oust 驅(qū)趕。
【句子翻譯】倫敦皇家學(xué)會(huì)致力于將科學(xué)作為一項(xiàng)國(guó)際性、政治上中立的事業(yè),因此在20世紀(jì)的世界大戰(zhàn)期間拒絕驅(qū)逐來(lái)自敵國(guó)的成員。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.?betray 背叛;出賣;泄露
B. expel驅(qū)逐;開除
C. endorse 認(rèn)可
D. oust驅(qū)逐;剝奪
E. sanction 批準(zhǔn)
F. condemn 譴責(zé)
?
10. The company is so old-fashioned and opposed to innovation that it can seem downright _____.
A antediluvian
B flighty
C archaic
D chauvinistic
E capricious
F patronizing
來(lái)源:Section 8 Easy
解析:old-fashioned and opposed to innovation 直接對(duì)應(yīng)空格,所以答案選?AC 選項(xiàng)。antediluvian 陳舊的,archaic 過(guò)時(shí)的。
翻譯:這家公司如此老派又拒絕創(chuàng)新,以至于它看起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)直是徹頭徹尾的老古董。
11. The description of Green`s scholarship as (i)_____ is grossly misleading: while her research on interstellar particles is not especially novel, the conclusions she draws from her data are (ii)_____.
| Blank(i) | Blank(ii) |
| esoteric | remarkably pioneering |
| tendentious | dubiously supported |
| derivative | strangely comforting |
來(lái)源:Section 9 Easy
【解析】冒號(hào)后面是讓步關(guān)系,前面說(shuō)not novel,所以后面第二空選 not novel 的反義,所以第二空選 D 選項(xiàng),第一空根據(jù) grossly misleading 得知空格選冒號(hào)后面特征的反義,冒號(hào)后面主要體現(xiàn) pioneering,所以答案選 C 選項(xiàng)。 derivative 非原創(chuàng)的,pioneering 先鋒的。
【句子翻譯】對(duì)于格林的學(xué)術(shù)是別人學(xué)術(shù)的衍生物的說(shuō)法是十分誤導(dǎo)的。盡管她在關(guān)于星際粒子的研究中得到的結(jié)果并不是十分新穎的,但她從研究數(shù)據(jù)中所得到的結(jié)論確實(shí)驚人的首創(chuàng)。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
esoteric深?yuàn)W的
tendentious有傾向性的
derivative陳腐的
remarkably pioneering 顯著的創(chuàng)新的
dubiously supported 可疑地受到支持
strangely comforting奇怪地令人安慰
12. Nylenna`s study showed that errors in scientific manuscripts submitted for publication often escape reviewers` notice, results that were not _____: when Godlee conducted a study of the same phenomenon, her findings were similar.
A credible
B unwelcome
C anomalous
D quantifiable
E consequential
?來(lái)源:Section 10 Easy
解析:從her finding were similar 推出前面的results并不是唯一的,所以對(duì)應(yīng)的正確選項(xiàng)是C選項(xiàng)。anomalous異常的。
翻譯:Nylenna的研究表明提交出版的科學(xué)手稿中的錯(cuò)誤經(jīng)常讓審稿人注意不到,這種結(jié)果并不反常:當(dāng)Godlee做相同現(xiàn)象的研究時(shí),她的發(fā)現(xiàn)是相似的
13. Noise suppression in phones can play an important role in making cellphone networks more efficient, since when sounds that are _____ to the meaningful signal are transmitted, precious network band width is wasted.
A unsuitable
B detrimental
C irrelevant
D confined
E limited
F extraneous
??來(lái)源:Section 10 Easy
【答案】C?F
【解析】空格對(duì)應(yīng)?noise,噪音在題目中就是無(wú)關(guān)的聲音,題目的意思說(shuō)這種無(wú)關(guān)聲音(噪音)被傳播的時(shí)候,網(wǎng)路就被浪費(fèi)了,所以要清除噪音。?irrelevant?無(wú)關(guān)的,extraneous?無(wú)關(guān)的。
【句子翻譯】電話中的降噪處理能夠在使得電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊更加有效上起到一個(gè)非常重要的作用,因?yàn)楫?dāng)無(wú)關(guān)的聲音相對(duì)于真正有意義的信號(hào)被傳播之后,珍貴的網(wǎng)絡(luò)寬帶就被浪費(fèi)了。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
detrimental有害的?
14. Changes made to ecosystem in order to achieve a goal, such as food production or flood control, often _____ significant unforeseen trade-offs between other important products and service the ecosystems provide.
A predict
B delay
C foretell
D obscure
E yield
F engender
來(lái)源:Section 11 Easy?
【答案】E F
【解析】語(yǔ)義完整題目,填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞能夠體現(xiàn) changes 產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作即可,這些改變是為了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)而做的,所以后文填入一個(gè)“引起”的意思的詞。
【句子翻譯】為達(dá)成某種目的,比如糧食生產(chǎn)和防洪,而對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)做出的改變,通常要在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的其他重要產(chǎn)物和利益之間,做出無(wú)法預(yù)知的重大權(quán)衡。
15. When the atmosphere over the city is at its best, it is peculiarly _____, and this clarity seems to distill this very special beauty of the place.
A limpid
B acute
C calm
D sharp
E pellucid
F tranquil
來(lái)源:Section 11 Easy?
【答案】A?E
【解析】根據(jù)指代關(guān)系,this?clarity?和空格同義重復(fù),正確答案選AE選項(xiàng)。limpid清晰的,?pellucid清晰的。
【句子翻譯】當(dāng)本地的空氣處于最佳狀態(tài)時(shí),特別清澈,而這種清澈似乎濃縮了這個(gè)城市非常獨(dú)特的美。
【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.?limpid清晰的
B.?acute?敏銳的
C.?calm?平靜的
D.?sharp?尖銳的
E.?pellucid清晰的
?
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