配置文件，是一個每個應用服務程序常用的功能，從原來的終端應用時代，到現在的元宇宙時代，配置都是很悠然自得的存在。asp.net core提供了強大的配置文件訪問機制，不管是MVC API還是MiniAPI，使用方式都是相同的。

框架默認的配置文件是：appsettings.json，可以以json的格式存放自己復雜的配置:

{"Logging": {"LogLevel": {"Default": "Information","Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"}},"AllowedHosts": "*","ConnectionStrings": {"ExamDatabase": "server=.;database=Exam;uid=sa;pwd=sa;"},"AppInfo": {"Name": "Mini & Powerful","Version": "v1.0.0","Author": {"Architect": "桂素偉-A","Programmer": "桂素偉-P","Designer": "桂素偉-D"},"Features": [ "Learn MiniAPI", "Architect Element" ]} }

簡單取值

var architect = builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppInfo:Author:Architect").Value; var features1=builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppInfo:Features:1").Value;

用record綁定

record

public record AppInfoRecord(string? Name, string? Version, AuthorRecord? Author, string[]? Features); public?record?AuthorRecord(string??Architect,?string??Programmer,?string??Designer);

綁定

var authorRecord = new AuthorRecord(null, null, null); var appInfoRecord = new AppInfoRecord(null, null, authorRecord, null); builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppInfo").Bind(appInfoRecord);

結果

用class綁定

class

public class AppInfo {public string? Name { get; set; }public string? Version { get; set; }public Author? Author { get; set; }public string[]? Features { get; set; } } public class Author {public string? Architect { get; set; }public string? Programmer { get; set; }public string? Designer { get; set; } }

綁定

var appInfo = new AppInfo(); builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppInfo").Bind(appInfo);

結果

用record和class綁定各有優勢，record定義的時間代碼簡單，綁定要復雜一些，class正好相反，定義要復雜一些，綁定時簡單。

從IConfiguration中獲取配置

可以在路由方法中獲取配置信息

app.MapGet("/getappinfo", (IConfiguration config) => {return config.GetSection("AppInfo:Name").Value; });

從路由中取配置文件

首選注入

var authorRecord = new AuthorRecord(null, null, null); var appInfoRecord = new AppInfoRecord(null, null, authorRecord, null); builder.Configuration.GetSection("AppInfo").Bind(appInfoRecord); builder.Services.AddSingleton(appInfoRecord);

取配置數據

app.MapGet("/appinfo", (AppInfoRecord appinfo) => {return appinfo; });

結果

讀取其他格式的配置文件

myconfig.ini

[iniconfig] key1=value1 key2=value2

加載配置文件，并取值

builder.Host.ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, config) => {config.AddIniFile("myconfig.ini",optional: true,reloadOnChange: true); });var?key1=builder.Configuration.GetSection("iniconfig:key1").Value;

總結

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