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ASP.NET Core快速入门（第6章：ASP.NET Core MVC）--学习笔记

發布時間：2023/12/4 asp.net 29 豆豆

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課程鏈接：http://video.jessetalk.cn/course/explore

良心課程，大家一起來學習哈！

任務40：介紹

1.Individual authentication 模板
2.EF Core Migration
3.Identity MVC：UI
4.Identity MVC：EF + Identity實現
5.Identity MVC：注冊邏輯實現
6.Identity MVC：登錄邏輯實現
7.Identity MVC：ReturnUrl實現
8.Identity MVC：Model后端驗證
9.Identity MVC：Model前端驗證
10.Identity MVC：DbContextSeed初始化

任務41：Individual authentication 模板

dotnet new mvc --helpOptions:
-au|--auth The type of authentication to use
None - No authentication
Individual - Individual authentication
IndividualB2C - Individual authentication with Azure AD B2C
SingleOrg - Organizational authentication for a single tenant
MultiOrg - Organizational authentication for multiple tenants
Windows - Windows authentication
Default: None -uld|--use-local-db Whether to use LocalDB instead of SQLite. This option only applies if --auth Individual or --auth IndividualB2C is specified.
bool - Optional
Default: false / (*) true

解決VScode終端亂碼

chcp 65001dotnet new mvc -au Individual -uld --name IdentitySample

默認創建localdb，Identity

appsettings.json

"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-IdentitySample-40453418-3C8F-43D7-94F8-BD1BD20BDD96;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
}

Startup.cs

services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

初始化數據庫，根據Data/Migrations文件夾下的數據庫文件創建更新數據庫

dotnet ef database update

報錯：

無法執行，因為找不到指定的命令或文件。
可能的原因包括:
*你拼錯了內置的 dotnet 命令。
*你打算執行 .NET Core 程序，但 dotnet-ef 不存在。
*你打算運行全局工具，但在路徑上找不到名稱前綴為 dotnet 的可執行文件。

在stackoverflow找到解決方法：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45091909/dotnet-ef-database-update-no-executable-found-matching-command-dotnet-ef?r=SearchResults

在csproj文件的ItemGroup中添加引用

<DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="2.0.0-preview2-final" />dotnet restore
dotnet ef database update
dotnet run

訪問https://localhost:5001

點擊Register進入注冊頁面

輸入郵箱密碼登陸

登陸成功

點擊郵箱進入Manage your account

通過SSMS連接localdb

dotnet run

獲取實例管道名稱

& 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\130\Tools\Binn\SqlLocalDB.exe' info mssqllocaldb

解決PowerShell中文亂碼問題，勾選UTF-8

通過實例管道名稱連接localdb

任務42：EF Core Migration

dotnet ef migrations add InitialCreat

dotnet ef database update

dotnet ef migrations remove

dotnet ef database update LastGoodMigration

dotnet ef migrations scrept

數據庫新增

添加列之前

在Models文件夾下新增ApplicationUser.cs

using System;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace IdentitySample.Models
{
public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
public string NewColumn{get;set;}
}
}dotnet ef migrations add AddNewColumn

自動生成文件

dotnet ef database update

執行成功后刷新數據庫，可以看到數據庫中多了一列NewColumn

在ApplicationUser.cs中新增Address

public string Address{get;set;}dotnet ef migrations add AddAddress
dotnet ef database update

執行成功后刷新數據庫，可以看到數據庫中多了一列Address

數據庫回滾

dotnet ef database update AddNewColumn

執行成功后刷新數據庫，可以看到數據庫中Address不見了

dotnet ef migrations remove

執行成功后移除AddAddress.cs以及AddAddress.Designer.cs文件

生成sql腳本命令

dotnet ef migrations script

拷貝出來后可在數據庫執行

任務43：Identity MVC：UI

以MvcCookieAuthSample項目為基礎，通過ef core以及Identity實現注冊登陸UI整個過程

AccountController.cs新增Register，Login

public IActionResult Register()
{
return View();
}

public IActionResult Login()
{
return View();
}

public IActionResult MakeLogin()

在Views文件夾下新建Account文件夾，在Account文件夾下新增Register.cshtml以及Login.cshtml

@{
ViewData["Title"] = "Register";
}

@using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;
@model RegisterViewModel;

<h2>@ViewData["Title"]</h2>
<h3>@ViewData["Message"]</h3>

<p>Use this area to provide additional information.</p>

<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<form id="registerForm" method="post" novalidate="novalidate">
<h4>Create a new account.</h4>
<hr>

<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword">Confirm password</label>
<input asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>
<button id="registerSubmit" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Register</button>
<input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8HHmKd6uCEtOsAkKHNEfx50wHX7kOnWmAzVSUOOnXiiks-t4chi5eY9XThPYt70X-X6qtCV55TTEowbXbnCAW-91KSw1XVqXqBd48bMdGuVeGHFeZU61gw9jtNtAUDP7gCYnN9J_9d6o5w9sL12jw1E"></form>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
<p>
<h4>Use another service to register.</h4>
<hr>
<div>
<p>
There are no external authentication services configured. See <a href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532715">this article</a>
for details on setting up this ASP.NET application to support logging in via external services.
</p>
</div>
</p>
</div>
</div>

@{
ViewData["Title"] = "Login";
}

@using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;
@model RegisterViewModel;

<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<p>
<form id="account" method="post" novalidate="novalidate">
<h4>Use a local account to log in.</h4>
<hr>

<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>

<div class="form-group">
<button id="login-submit" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Log in</button>
</div>

<input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8HHmKd6uCEtOsAkKHNEfx514_36YMa9FLgbR-vliay5DWvu05X4yejzvlNz6ULPfevJg9b12mlIjiWYP9ifLswnUdt43dzUmlvJzsanhL7RHmQMDAwrKRRTJWtaHJ4qbHUNyldkz95mHRrvivNTez9I"><input name="Input.RememberMe" type="hidden" value="false"></form>
</p>
</div>

</div>

新建ViewModels文件夾，在ViewModels文件夾下新建RegisterViewModel.cs

RegisterViewModel.cs

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
{
public class RegisterViewModel
{
public string Input_Email{get;set;}
public string Input_Password{get;set;}
public string Input_ConfirmPassword{get;set;}
}
}

在Views/Shared目錄下的_Layout.cshtml中增加Register以及Login

點擊進入Register以及Login頁面

任務44：Identity MVC：EF + Identity實現

在Models文件夾新增ApplicationUser.cs以及ApplicationUserRole.cs

ApplicationUser.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Models
{
// 默認主鍵GUID，可通過泛型修改
public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser<int>
{

}
}

ApplicationUserRole.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Models
{
// 默認主鍵GUID，可通過泛型修改
public class ApplicationUserRole : IdentityRole<int>
{

}
}

新建Data文件夾，在Data文件夾下新建ApplicationDbContext.cs

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore;
using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data
{
public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser, ApplicationUserRole, int>
{
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options) : base(options)
{

}
}
}

在appsettings.json中添加ConnectionStrings

{
"Logging": {
"LogLevel": {
"Default": "Warning"
}
},
"AllowedHosts": "*",
"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-IdentitySample-81D77053-883E-44D8-A94D-195B9C54C2B6;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
}
}

Startup.cs添加以下內容

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Data;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
// {
// // This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
// options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
// options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
// });

services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
{
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"));
});

services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationUserRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders();

// Addmvc之前AddAuthentication，AddCookie
// services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
// .AddCookie();
services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
.AddCookie(options =>
{
options.LoginPath = "/Account/Login";
});

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
{
options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;
options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;
});

//services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
services.AddMvc();
}

AccountController.cs添加以下內容

using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

//[Authorize]
public class AccountController : Controller

private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
private SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;

public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager, SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager)
{
_userManager = userManager;
_signInManager = signInManager;
}

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel)
{
var identityUser = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email
};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);
if (identityResult.Succeeded)
{
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}

return View();
}

添加nuget包：Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools

VSCode報錯：Versioning information could not be retrieved from the NuGet package repository. Please try again later.

使用Visual Studio添加nuget包

dotnet ef migrations add VSInit
dotnet ef database update

報錯：There is already an object named 'AspNetRoles' in the database.

刪除之前的數據庫實例

dotnet ef migrations add VSInit
dotnet ef database update

主鍵為int

dotnet run

點擊Register，成功跳回主頁

在數據庫中查看數據

任務45：Identity MVC：注冊邏輯實現

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel)
{
var identityUser = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email
};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);
if (identityResult.Succeeded)
{
// 封裝了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));
await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}

return View();
}

啟動項目，重新注冊一個

看到Cookie，登陸成功

修改Views/Shared文件夾下的_Layout.cshtml

<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">About</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
@if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
<li>Welcome, @User.Identity.Name, <a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Logout">Logout</a></li>
}
else
{
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register">Register</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login">Login</a></li>
}
</ul>
</div>

啟動項目

任務46：Identity MVC：登錄邏輯實現

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(RegisterViewModel loginViewModel)
{
var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);
if (user == null)
{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}

public async Task<IActionResult> Logout()
{
await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}

//public IActionResult Logout()
//{
// HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);

// return Ok();
//}

_Layout.cshtml

<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">About</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
@if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
<form asp-action="Logout" asp-controller="Account" method="post">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a title="Welcome" asp-controller="Admin" asp-action="Index"> @User.Identity.Name, </a></li>
<li><button type="submit" class="btn btn-link navbar-btn navbar-link">Log out</button></li>
</ul>
</form>
}
else
{
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register">Register</a></li>
<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login">Login</a></li>
</ul>
}
</div>

Views/Account文件夾中的Login.cshtml

啟動項目

點擊Log out，回到主頁

點擊Login

登陸成功

換另一個郵箱，登陸成功

任務47：Identity MVC：ReturnUrl實現

AccountController.cs

private IActionResult RedirectToLocal(string returnUrl)
{
if (Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl))
return Redirect(returnUrl);

return RedirectToAction(nameof(HomeController.Index), "Home");
}

public IActionResult Register(string returnUrl = null)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
return View();
}

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
var identityUser = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email
};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);
if (identityResult.Succeeded)
{
// 封裝了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));
await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
}

return View();
}

public IActionResult Login(string returnUrl = null)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
return View();
}

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(RegisterViewModel loginViewModel, string returnUrl = null)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);
if (user == null)
{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});
//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
}

啟動項目，訪問：https://localhost:44387/admin

點擊Log out，再次訪問：https://localhost:44387/admin，跳轉到登陸界面

登陸之后直接到admin頁面

任務48：Identity MVC：Model后端驗證

RegisterViewModel.cs

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
{
public class RegisterViewModel
{
[Required]
[DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
public string Input_Email{get;set;}

[Required]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string Input_Password{get;set;}

[Required]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string Input_ConfirmPassword{get;set;}
}
}

在ViewModels文件夾下新增LoginViewModel.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
{
public class LoginViewModel
{
[Required]
[DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
public string Input_Email { get; set; }

[Required]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string Input_Password { get; set; }
}
}

AccountController.cs第一個參數類型由RegisterViewModel修改為LoginViewModel

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel loginViewModel, string returnUrl = null)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);
if (user == null)
{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });
//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
}

return View();
}

啟動項目，不輸入郵箱密碼直接點擊登陸

<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">
<span asp-validation-for="Input_Email" class="text-danger"></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>
<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">
<span asp-validation-for="Input_Password" class="text-danger"></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword">Confirm password</label>
<input asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" type="password">
<span asp-validation-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="text-danger"></span>
</div>

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
var identityUser = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email
};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);
if (identityResult.Succeeded)
{
// 封裝了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));
await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
}
}

return View();
}

啟動項目，直接點擊注冊

Startup.cs

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
{
options.Password.RequireLowercase = true;
options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = true;
options.Password.RequireUppercase = true;
options.Password.RequiredLength = 12;
});

<h4>Create a new account.</h4>
<hr>
<div class="text-danger" asp-validation-summary="All"></div>

AccountController.cs

private void AddErrors(IdentityResult result)
{
foreach (var error in result.Errors)
{
ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
}
}

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
var identityUser = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,
NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email
};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);
if (identityResult.Succeeded)
{
// 封裝了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));
await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
}
else
{
AddErrors(identityResult);
}
}

return View();
}

啟動項目，隨便輸入密碼123

點擊注冊

任務49：Identity MVC：Model前端驗證

將Shared文件夾中的_ValidationScriptsPartial.cshtml的jquery.validate組件添加到Login.cshtml最下面以及Register.cshtml最下面

@p Scripts
{
@await Html.PartialAsync("_ValidationScriptsPartial")
}

啟動項目，直接點擊登陸，注冊，不會產生網絡請求

任務50：Identity MVC：DbContextSeed初始化

啟動的時候判斷是否第一次執行，如果第一次執行則添加一個記錄，比如用戶賬號第一次進來為管理員

在Data文件夾新增ApplicationDbContextSeed.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data
{
public class ApplicationDbContextSeed
{
private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;

public async Task SeedSync(ApplicationDbContext context, IServiceProvider services)
{
if (!context.Users.Any())
{
_userManager = services.GetRequiredService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();

var defaultUser = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = "Administrator",
Email = "mingsonzheng003@outlook.com",
NormalizedUserName = "admin"
};

var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(defaultUser, "Password$123");
if (!result.Succeeded)
throw new Exception("初始默認用戶失敗");
}
}
}
}

在Data文件夾新增擴展方法調用ApplicationDbContextSeed

WebHostMigrationExtensions.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data
{
public static class WebHostMigrationExtensions
{
public static IWebHost MigrateDbContext<TContext>(this IWebHost host, Action<TContext, IServiceProvider> sedder)
where TContext : DbContext
{
using (var scope = host.Services.CreateScope())
{
var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
var logger = services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<TContext>>();
var context = services.GetService<TContext>();

try
{
context.Database.Migrate();
sedder(context, services);

logger.LogInformation($"執行DBContext { typeof(TContext).Name } seed執行成功");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
logger.LogInformation($"執行DBContext { typeof(TContext).Name } seed執行失敗");
}
}

return host;
}
}
}

Program.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using MvcCookieAuthSample.Data;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build()
.MigrateDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>((context, services) =>
{
new ApplicationDbContextSeed().SeedSync(context, services)
.Wait();
})
.Run();
}

public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.UseStartup<Startup>();
}
}

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