先決條件：統(tǒng)計(jì)函數(shù)簡介

在數(shù)據(jù)分析和統(tǒng)計(jì)方面，Python是一種非常流行的語言。幸運(yùn)的是，Python3提供了statistics模塊，它具有非常有用的功能，例如mean()，median()，mode()等等

mean()函數(shù)可用于計(jì)算給定數(shù)字列表的均值/平均值。它返回作為參數(shù)傳遞的數(shù)據(jù)集的平均值。

算術(shù)平均值是數(shù)據(jù)的總和除以data-points的數(shù)量。它是一組范圍內(nèi)變化的值中數(shù)據(jù)中心位置的度量。在Python中，我們通常通過將給定數(shù)字的總和除以當(dāng)前數(shù)字進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù)。

Given set of numbers:[n1, n2, n3, n5, n6]

Sum of data-set = (n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 + n5)

Number of data produced = 5

Average or arithmetic mean = (n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 + n5) / 5

用法:mean([data-set])

Parameters:

[data-set]：一組數(shù)字的列表或元組。

Returns:提供的data-set的樣本算術(shù)平均值。

Exceptions：

TypeError當(dāng)數(shù)值以外的任何其他參數(shù)作為參數(shù)傳遞時(shí)。

代碼1：工作中

# Python program to demonstrate mean()

# function from the statistics module

# Importing the statistics module

import statistics

# list of positive integer numbers

data1 = [1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 2]

x = statistics.mean(data1)

# Printing the mean

print("Mean is:", x)

輸出：

Mean is:4.428571428571429

代碼2：工作中

# Python program to demonstrate mean()

# function from the statistics module

# Importing the statistics module

from statistics import mean

# Importing fractions module as fr

# Enables to calculate mean of a

# set in Fraction

from fractions import Fraction as fr

# tuple of positive integer numbers

data1 = (11, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 2)

# tuple of a negative set of integers

data2 = (-1, -2, -4, -7, -12, -19)

# tuple of mixed range of numbers

data3 = (-1, -13, -6, 4, 5, 19, 9)

# tuple of a set of fractional numbers

data4 = (fr(1, 2), fr(44, 12), fr(10, 3), fr(2, 3))

# dictionary of a set of values

# Only the keys are taken in

# consideration by mean()

data5 = {1:"one", 2:"two", 3:"three"}

# Printing the mean of above datsets

print("Mean of data set 1 is % s" % (mean(data1)))

print("Mean of data set 2 is % s" % (mean(data2)))

print("Mean of data set 3 is % s" % (mean(data3)))

print("Mean of data set 4 is % s" % (mean(data4)))

print("Mean of data set 5 is % s" % (mean(data5)))

輸出：

Mean of data set 1 is 5.857142857142857

Mean of data set 2 is -7.5

Mean of data set 3 is 2.4285714285714284

Mean of data set 4 is 49/24

Mean of data set 5 is 2

代碼3：TypeError

# Python3 code to demonstrate TypeError

# importing statistics module

from statistics import mean

# While using dictionaries, only keys are

# taken into consideration by mean()

dic = {"one":1, "three":3, "seven":7,

"twenty":20, "nine":9, "six":6}

# Will raise TypeError

print(mean(dic))

輸出：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/home/9f8a941703745a24ddce5b5f6f211e6f.py", line 29, in

print(mean(dic))

File "/usr/lib/python3.5/statistics.py", line 331, in mean

T, total, count = _sum(data)

File "/usr/lib/python3.5/statistics.py", line 161, in _sum

for n, d in map(_exact_ratio, values):

File "/usr/lib/python3.5/statistics.py", line 247, in _exact_ratio

raise TypeError(msg.format(type(x).__name__))

TypeError:can't convert type 'str' to numerator/denominator

應(yīng)用范圍：

平均值/算術(shù)平均值是非常重要的功能之一，同時(shí)可以處理統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)和大數(shù)值。因此，借助mean()之類的功能，可以從大型數(shù)據(jù)集中提取趨勢和特征值。

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