1、MySQL安裝

A)MySQL安裝： sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

B)啟動/停止MySQL服務：

MySQL 在安裝以后，MySQL 就已經啟動；如果需要手動啟動或停止則如下操作：

手動啟動服務： sudo start mysql

手動停止服務： sudo stop mysql

當修改mysql相關配置的時候，需要手動重啟MySQL服務，就需要如上操作。

查看mysql進程是否已經啟動：

ps

-aux | grep mysql

#ps -aux 顯示當前所有進程(包括 mysql , 和 name 用戶 )， grep mysql 用來查找 mysql

進程 ；具體使用可以查看 ps, grep 用法

#man ps ; man grep

或者使用：

sudo

netstat -tap | grep mysql

兩種命令的結果：

name@ThinkPad:~$ ps -aux | grep mysql

Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus

'-'

mysql 25994

0.0 0.9 137800

18400 ?

Ssl 10:18 0:10 /usr/sbin/mysqld

name 26543

0.0 0.1 8544

2320 pts/2

S+ 11:06

0:00

mysql -u root -p

name 27068

0.0 0.1 8388

2064 pts/1

S+ 18:21

0:00

mysql -u root -p

name 27917

0.0 0.0 5412

788 pts/3

S+ 21:45

0:00

grep --color=auto mysql

name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo netstat -tap | grep

mysql

tcp 0

0 localhost:mysql *:* LISTEN 25994/mysqld

C)MySQL 配置文件結構：

MySQL 配置文件為 my.cnf , 位置在 /etc/my.cnf 以及 /etc/mysql/my.cnf

#

# The

MySQL database server configuration file.

#

# You

can copy this to one of:

#

- "/etc/mysql/my.cnf"

to set global options,

#

- "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.

#

# One

can use all long options that the program supports.

# Run

program with --help

to get a list of available options and

with

#

--print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and

use.

#

#

For explanations see

#

This will be passed to all

mysql clients

#

It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with

ticks/quotes

#

escpecially if they contain "#" chars...

#

Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket

location.

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

#

Here is entries for some specific programs

#

The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

#

This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are

currently parsed.

[mysqld_safe]

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

nice = 0

[mysqld]

#

# *

Basic Settings

#

#

# *

IMPORTANT

#

If you make changes to these settings and your system uses

apparmor, you may

#

also need to also adjust

/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld.

#

user = mysql

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

basedir = /usr

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

skip-external-locking

#

#

Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen

only on

#

localhost which is more compatible and is not less

secure.

bind-address = 127.0.0.1

#

# *

Fine Tuning

#

key_buffer = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 16M

thread_stack = 192K

thread_cache_size = 8

#

This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if

needed

#

the first time they are touched

myisam-recover = BACKUP

#max_connections = 100

#table_cache = 64

#thread_concurrency = 10

#

# *

Query Cache Configuration

#

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_size = 16M

#

# *

Logging and Replication

#

#

Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.

#

Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.

#

As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!

#general_log_file =

/var/log/mysql/mysql.log

#general_log = 1

log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log

#

Here you can see queries with especially long duration

#log_slow_queries =

/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log

#long_query_time = 2

#log-queries-not-using-indexes

#

#

The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for

replication.

#

note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian

about

#

other settings you may need to change.

#server-id = 1

#log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log

expire_logs_days = 10

max_binlog_size = 100M

#binlog_do_db = include_database_name

#binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name

#

# *

InnoDB

#

#

InnoDB is enabled by default

with a 10MB datafile in

/var/lib/mysql/.

#

Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are

many!

#

#

* Security Features

#

#

Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!

#

chroot = /var/lib/mysql/

#

#

For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI

"tinyca".

#

#

ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem

#

ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem

#

ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql

but no tab completition

[isamchk]

key_buffer = 16M

#

#

* IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this

file!

#

The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise

they'll be ignored.

#

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

在啟動MySQL的時候會通過讀取配置文件my.cnf ，并根據這個文件的路徑：

/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 啟動MySQL

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

#這句是數據庫所在位置，比如如果創建一個數據庫mysql_first，則數據庫文件放置在該目錄下。

log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log #

mysql錯誤文件，如果在執行mysql出錯了，可以查看該文件。

D)進入MySQL

進入MySQL一般需要密碼， 除非使用 safe_mysql

如果不提供密碼則會出現如下錯誤提示：

ERROR 1045

(28000): Access denied

for user 'name'@'localhost'

(using password: NO)

這是因為在安裝MySQL輸入了密碼，需要提供密碼；

具體：

name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Enter

password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or

\g.

Your

MySQL connection id is 40

Server version: 5.1.58-1ubuntu1

(Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000,

2010, Oracle

and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This

software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free

software,

and

you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL

v2 license

Type 'help;'

or '\h' for

help.

Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

sudo mysql -u root -p # 這里的幾個參數: u 表示 user ,后面是參數； p 表示 password

,會在后面有 Enter password: 提示

也可以直接提供用戶和密碼(使用 -- )

sudo mysql --user=root --password=123456

C)退出MySQL

主要有三種方式：

mysql> exit

Bye

mysql> quit

Bye

mysql> #直接按Ctrl + D

2、卸載MySQL

A)卸載MySQL軟件

sudo

apt-get autoremove --purge mysql-server-5.1

sudo

apt-get remove mysql-server

sudo

apt-get autoremove mysql-server

sudo

apt-get remove mysql-common

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

mysql-server-5.1 # 中 mysql-server-5.1是系統安裝的 mysql-server版本

B)清理其他數據

dpkg

-l |grep ^rc|awk '{print

$2}' |sudo xargs dpkg

-P

總結

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