1】 下載安裝

?????? httpd-2.2.15-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi ?? 網(wǎng)頁(yè)服務(wù)器

?????? 32-bit Windows zip??????????????????????????? tomcat

?????? mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so ??????????? Apache/IIS 用來(lái)連接后臺(tái)Tomcat的模塊，支持集群和負(fù)載均衡

?????? JK 分為兩個(gè)版本 1,x 和 2.x ，其中 2.x 并不是最新的版本，它是 JK 的另外一個(gè)分支，后不知何因沒(méi)有繼續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā)，因此2.x 版本已經(jīng)廢棄

?????? 安裝httpd-2.2.15-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi 到指定目錄，我安裝的是C:\Program Files\Apache2.2，以后這個(gè)目錄將用Apache_Home代替

?????? 安裝tomcat，我是將兩個(gè)tomcat進(jìn)行集群，所以安裝兩個(gè)tomcat，路徑分別為：F:\tomcat\tomcat1，F:\tomcat\tomcat2，以后這兩個(gè)目錄將用tomcat1_Home,tomcat2_Home代替

2】 配置Apache_Home\conf\httpd.conf

????? 在httpd.conf文件的最后一行寫入include "C:\Program Files\Apache2.2\conf\mod_jk.conf"

3】 配置mod_jk.conf文件

????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立mod_jk.conf文件

????? 配置內(nèi)容：

????? #加載mod_jk Module
???????? LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so

???????? 將下載的 mod_jk-1.2.30-httpd-2.2.3.so 文件放入到Apache_Home\modules下
????? # 配置 mod_jk
????? #加載集群中的workers
???????? JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
????? #加載workers的請(qǐng)求處理分配文件
???????? JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties
??? ? #指定jk的日志輸出文件
???????? JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
????? #指定日志級(jí)別
???????? JkLogLevel warn
???? #指定哪些請(qǐng)求交給tomcat處理,"controller"為在 workers.propertise里指定的負(fù)載分配控制器名
???????? JkMount /* controller

4】? 配置workers.propertise文件

?????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立workers.propertise文件

?????? 配置內(nèi)容：

?????? #server 列表
???????? worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
????? #========tomcat1========
????? #ajp13 端口號(hào)，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默認(rèn)8009
??????? worker.tomcat1.port=8009
????? #tomcat的主機(jī)地址，如不為本機(jī)，請(qǐng)?zhí)顚慽p地址
??????? worker.tomcat1.host=localhost
??????? worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
???? #server的加權(quán)比重，值越高，分得的請(qǐng)求越多
??????? worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
???? #========tomcat2========
???? #ajp13 端口號(hào)，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默認(rèn)8009
?????? worker.tomcat2.port=9009
???? #tomcat的主機(jī)地址，如不為本機(jī)，請(qǐng)?zhí)顚慽p地址
????? worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
????? worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
??? #server的加權(quán)比重，值越高，分得的請(qǐng)求越多
?????? worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
??? #========controller,負(fù)載均衡控制器========
??? #server名為controller,用于負(fù)載均衡
????? worker.controller.type=lb
?? #重試次數(shù)
????? worker.retries=3
?? #指定分擔(dān)請(qǐng)求的tomcat
???? worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
?? #粘性Session(默認(rèn)是打開(kāi)的) 當(dāng)該屬性值=True（或1）時(shí)，代表Session是粘性的，即同一Session在集群中的同一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上處理，Session不跨越節(jié)點(diǎn)。在集群環(huán)境中，一般將該值設(shè)置為False
???? worker.controller.sticky_session=false
? #設(shè)置用于負(fù)載均衡的server的session可否共享 有不少文章說(shuō)設(shè)置為1是可以的，也有設(shè)置為0才可以的
???? worker.controller.sticky_session=1
? #worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1
? #worker.status.type=status

5】 配置uriworkermap.properties文件

????? 在Apache_Home\conf下建立uriworkermap.properties文件

????? 配置內(nèi)容：

???? #所有請(qǐng)求都由controller這個(gè)server處理
???? /*=controller
???? #所有包含jkstatus請(qǐng)求的都由status這個(gè) server處理
???? #/jkstatus=status
???? #這里的"!”是“非”的意思。
???? !/*.gif=controller
???? !/*.jpg=controller
???? !/*.png=controller
???? !/*.css=controller
???? !/*.js=controller
???? !/*.htm=controller
???? !/*.html=controller

6】修改tomcat1_Home\conf\server.xml配置

????? Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081 默認(rèn)端口為8080，修改為8081

???? <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
?????????????? connectionTimeout="20000"
?????????????? redirectPort="8443" />

????? JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009 修改端口必須與workers.propertise文件內(nèi)worker.tomcat1.port=8009一致

???? <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

???? 需要添加的內(nèi)容：

??? <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> ? <!--tomcat1將與tomcat2黏貼session 在這里指定黏貼對(duì)象-->

????? <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
????????? /docs/cluster-howto.html? (simple how to)
????????? /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
????? <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
???????????????? channelSendOptions="8">

????????? <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
?????????????????? expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
?????????????????? notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

????????? <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
??????????? <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
??????????????????????? address="228.0.0.4"
??????????????????????? port="45564"
??????????????????????? frequency="500"
??????????????????????? dropTime="3000"/>
??????????? <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
????????????????????? address="auto"
????????????????????? port="4000" ?
????????????????????? autoBind="100"
????????????????????? selectorTimeout="5000"
????????????????????? maxThreads="6"/>

??????????? <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
????????????? <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
??????????? </Sender>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
????????? </Channel>

????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
???????????????? filter=""/>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

????????? <!-- <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
??????????????????? tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
??????????????????? deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
??????????????????? watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
??????????????????? watchEnabled="false"/> -->

????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
??????? </Cluster>???

????? 上面部分如果需要詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明可以看webapps\docs\cluster-howto.html

7】修改tomcat2_Home\conf\server.xml配置

????? Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8082 默認(rèn)端口為8080，修改為8082

???? <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
?????????????? connectionTimeout="20000"
?????????????? redirectPort="8443" />

????? JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:9009 修改端口必須與workers.propertise文件內(nèi)worker.tomcat2.port=9009一致

???? <Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

???? 需要添加的內(nèi)容：

??? <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> ? <!--tomcat2將與tomcat1黏貼session 在這里指定黏貼對(duì)象-->

????? <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
????????? /docs/cluster-howto.html? (simple how to)
????????? /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
????? <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
???????????????? channelSendOptions="8">

????????? <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
?????????????????? expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
?????????????????? notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

????????? <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
??????????? <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
??????????????????????? address="228.0.0.4"
??????????????????????? port="45564"
??????????????????????? frequency="500"
??????????????????????? dropTime="3000"/>
??????????? <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
????????????????????? address="auto"
????????????????????? port="4001" ?
????????????????????? autoBind="100"
????????????????????? selectorTimeout="5000"
????????????????????? maxThreads="6"/>

??????????? <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
????????????? <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
??????????? </Sender>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
??????????? <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
????????? </Channel>

????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
???????????????? filter=""/>
????????? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

????????? <!-- <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
??????????????????? tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
??????????????????? deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
??????????????????? watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
??????????????????? watchEnabled="false"/> -->

????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
????????? <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
??????? </Cluster>???

????? 上面部分如果需要詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明可以看webapps\docs\cluster-howto.html

8】session黏貼（共享）方面，如果session中存放的為javabean，javabean必須實(shí)現(xiàn)Serializable接口，如果沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)誤 Exception thrown: class java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

9】補(bǔ)充：

?

??????看到jameswxx的回復(fù)發(fā)現(xiàn)確實(shí)有欠妥的地方，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行改正

????? 在工程的web.xml文件內(nèi)加入?<distributable/>??? 標(biāo)簽

????? 標(biāo)題名不夠準(zhǔn)確，將原名稱“tomcat集群配置流程”更正為“基于apache的tomcat負(fù)載均衡和集群配置”

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