mysql主从复制 lvs+ keepalived
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一、環(huán)境
Master（主機A）：192.168.1.1
Slave（主機B） ：192.168.1.2??
W-VIP（寫入）? ：192.168.1.3?
R-VIP（讀取）? ：192.168.1.4?
Client（測試） ：192.168.1.100
操作系統(tǒng)版本：CentOS release 6.5
MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫版本：5.5.13
keepalived版本：1.2.7
LVS版本：1.26
所有環(huán)境均為虛擬機
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二、設(shè)計思路
1. 服務(wù)器A和B，通過mysql的slave進程同步數(shù)據(jù)。
2. 通過keepalived啟用兩個虛IP：W-VIP/R-VIP，一個負責(zé)寫入，一個負責(zé)讀取，實現(xiàn)讀寫分離。
3. A和B都存在時，W-VIP下將請求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至主機A，R-VIP將請求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給A和B，實現(xiàn)負載均衡。
4. 當主機A異常時，B接管服務(wù)，W-VIP/R-VIP此時漂到了主機B上，此時這兩個虛IP下都是主機B，實現(xiàn)高可用
5. 當主機B異常時，R-VIP會將B踢出，其他不變
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三、架構(gòu)圖
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四、軟件安裝
主從兩個主機都要裝以下軟件：
1. MySQL的安裝（略）
2. keepalived安裝
yum install keepalived
2. LVS安裝
yum install ipvsadm
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五、配置
1. 配置MySQL的主從復(fù)制（略）
2. 配置keepalived
Master上的配置
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MySQL-ha } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth1 virtual_router_id 90 priority 100 advert_int 1 notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh" nopreempt authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } } virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { weight 1 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } }
keepalived配置成服務(wù)并開機啟動
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on
vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh
#!/bin/bash user=u1 password=12345 log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log echo "`date`" >> $log /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf
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vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh
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#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
Slave上的配置
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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[plain]view plaincopyprint?
! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MySQL-ha } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth1 virtual_router_id 90 priority 99 advert_int 1 notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh" authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } } virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } }
keepalived配置成服務(wù)并開機啟動
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[plain]view plaincopyprint?
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on
vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh
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#!/bin/bash user=u1 password=12345 log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log echo "`date`" >> $log /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf
vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh
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#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
3. 配置LVS
Master與Slave上的配置相同：
vi /usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh
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[plain]view plaincopyprint?
#!/bin/bash # description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp SNS_VIP=192.168.1.3 SNS_VIP2=192.168.1.4 source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in start) ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP ifconfig lo:1 $SNS_VIP2 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP2 /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0 /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP2 dev lo:1 echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1 echo "RealServer Start OK" ;; stop) ifconfig lo:0 down ifconfig lo:1 down route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1 route del $SNS_VIP2 >/dev/null 2>&1 echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "RealServer Stoped" ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" exit 1 esac exit 0
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chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh echo "/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start" >> /etc/rc.local
五、Master和Slave的啟動
1. 啟動Master上的MySQL
service mysql start
2. 啟動Slave上的MySQL
service mysql start
3. 啟動Master上的realserver腳本
/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start
4. 啟動Slave上的realserver腳本
/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start
5. 啟動Master上的keepalived
service keepalived start
6. 啟動Slave上的keepalived
service keepalived start
六、測試
1. 查看lvs能否進行負載均衡轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)
在Master和Slave上分別執(zhí)行：
ipvsadm -ln
2. 在Client上驗證連通性：
ping 192.168.1.3
ping 192.168.1.4
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
3. 停掉Master上的MySQL，看寫IP否自動切換到Slave，看讀IP是否去掉了Master的MySQL
在Master和Slave上分別執(zhí)行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執(zhí)行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
4. 停掉Master上的keepalived，看讀寫VIP是否會遷移到Slave上。
在Master和Slave上分別執(zhí)行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執(zhí)行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
在Master和Slave上分別執(zhí)行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執(zhí)行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
6. 重啟Master的系統(tǒng)，看看切換過程是否正常
七、參考
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=17K0UDApzfK18A8F5Of9wl0lmGx6AD_0PQ8GyVqmCsBMSz16xjt2JI88lPAeID2qECs7piUxkzQLyatTtDuEJxwZEy6joIBfBmT3vgTfdUS
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23500957-id-3781918.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23500957-id-3781919.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-3337471.html
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2350399/blog/715737
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