最近在調試USB轉網口，涉及到Linux內核編譯配置文件的更改，記錄一下調試過程。

首先需要了解USB設備接入后系統的識別信息，打印內核日志：

root@MyDevice:/# dmesg | tail -20
[ 5364.325642] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci-hcd
[ 5364.426138] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8152
[ 5364.426145] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 5364.426148] usb 1-1.1: Product: USB 10/100 LAN
[ 5364.426152] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Realtek
[ 5364.426155] usb 1-1.1: SerialNumber: 00E04C3607A9

注意idProduct和Manufacturer內容，我用的這款USB轉網口設備嵌入的是瑞昱的8152網口芯片。

進入Linux內核源碼的kernel目錄執行

make menuconfig

進入到圖形化配置界面，依次鍵選[Device Drivers -> Network device support -> USB Network Adapters]

找到 Realtek RTL8152/RTL8153 Based USB Ethernet Adapters選項使能即可。

以上選項信息參考博文：ARM平臺嵌入式Linux下網口擴展 - 與非網

然而，編譯出的內核版本驗證未成功，進入menuconfig圖形界面發現勾選已失效（無法正常保存勾選），因此在內核源碼目錄下尋找config文件進行手動更改配置項

.../configs/.../normal_kernel.config

查看代碼

...
CONFIG_USB_NET_DRIVERS=y
# CONFIG_USB_CATC is not set
# CONFIG_USB_KAWETH is not set
# CONFIG_USB_PEGASUS is not set
#CONFIG_USB_RTL8150 is not set
#CONFIG_USB_RTL8152 is not set
# CONFIG_USB_LAN78XX is not set
CONFIG_USB_USBNET=y
CONFIG_USB_NET_AX8817X=y
CONFIG_USB_NET_AX88179_178A=y
CONFIG_USB_NET_CDCETHER=y
# CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_EEM is not set
...

將CONFIG_USB_RTL8150和CONFIG_USB_RTL8152設為使能，進入menuconfig查看相應配置項，已更新為勾選。

制作內核版本，燒寫至設備后上電啟動，dmesg查看USB接口信息：

[  471.409739] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci-hcd
[  471.510346] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8152
[  471.510353] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[  471.510357] usb 1-1.1: Product: USB 10/100 LAN
[  471.510360] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Realtek
[  471.510364] usb 1-1.1: SerialNumber: 00E04C3607A9
[  471.701309] usb 1-1.1: reset high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci-hcd
[  471.882926] r8152 1-1.1:1.0 eth1: v1.09.9

可以發現，多出了一行識別信息，r8152被識別為eth1（此時ifconfig發現新的網卡，但是沒有IP等信息），使用udhcpc命令為eth1分配動態ip地址：

udhcpc -i eth1

ifconfig查看網絡配置情況：

root@MyDevice:~# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0D:0D:D6:B6:21inet6 addr: fe80::20d:dff:fed6:b621/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:367 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:525 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:92887 (90.7 KiB)  TX bytes:74001 (72.2 KiB)Interrupt:30eth0.10   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0D:0D:D6:B6:21inet addr:10.16.7.122  Bcast:10.16.7.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: 2001:10:16:8::60/64 Scope:Globalinet6 addr: fe80::20d:dff:fed6:b621/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:18767 (18.3 KiB)eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:E0:4C:36:07:A9inet addr:192.168.1.101  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:4679 (4.5 KiB)  TX bytes:2086 (2.0 KiB)lo        Link encap:Local Loopbackinet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:HostUP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1RX packets:201 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:201 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:22516 (21.9 KiB)  TX bytes:22516 (21.9 KiB

發現eth1的IP地址生效，且與eth0.30在同一局域網，接著驗證eth1的網絡性能，發現無法ping通局域網中的其他設備。

route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth1

進一步設置eth1的默認網關，再ping成功。t802:~# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth1

總結

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