On Unix-like operating systems, a process that accesses invalid memory receives the SIGSEGV signal. On Microsoft Windows, a process that accesses invalid memory receives the STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION exception.

1.最常見的SEGV: 訪問0地址

#include <stdio.h>int main()
{int *p = 0;printf("%d", *p); /* SEGV: try to access address 0 */return 0;
}

2.修改const 變量

int main(void)
{char *s ="hello zeku"; /* s in .rodata section */*s ='o'; /* SEGV: write .radata section */return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>const int g = 10;
int main()
{int *p = (int *)&g;(*p)++;  /* SEGV: try to modify const var */printf("%d", *p);return 0;
}

3_1?嘗試運行在.data section

#include <stdio.h>int g = 10; /* .data section, r+w, not x */
typedef void (*F_P)();void f()
{printf("hello zeku\n");
}int main()
{F_P fp = f;fp();F_P fp1 = (F_P)&g;fp1();	/* SEGV: try to execute in .data section */return 0;
}

?3_2 嘗試運行在stack

#include <stdio.h>  typedef void (*F_P)();int main (void)  
{  int m = 5; /* stack: rw, not x*/int n = 6;F_P fp = (F_P)&m;fp(); /*SEGV: excute in stack */return 0;  
}  

4. 修改代碼段

#include <stdio.h>void f()
{printf("hello zeku\n");
}int main()
{int *p = (int *)&f;(*p)++; /*SEGV: try to write .text section*/return 0;
}

5. 棧溢出

int main(void)
{main(); /* SEGV: stack overflow */return 0;
}

擴展：

進程收到SIGSEGV信號后，我們給SIGSEGV注冊回調(diào)函數(shù)，打印backtrace.

refer to:?sigaction/backtrace/backtrace_symbols

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