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ORACLE常用性能监控SQL【一】

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目錄(?)[+]

系列

ORACLE常用性能監(jiān)控SQL【一】

ORACLE常用性能監(jiān)控SQL【二】

Oracle-動態(tài)性能視圖解讀

系列
死鎖后的解決辦法
- 生成Kill Session語句
- 查看導致死鎖的 SQL
- 查看誰鎖了誰
ORA-00054 資源正忙要求指定 NOWAIT
查詢綁定變量使用的實際值
監(jiān)控事例的等待
回滾段的爭用情況
查看回滾段名稱及大小
查看控制文件
查看日志文件
查看前臺正在發(fā)出的SQL語句
數(shù)據(jù)表占用空間大小情況
查看表空間碎片大小
查看表空間占用磁盤情況
查看表的大小倒序排列
查看表空間物理文件的名稱及大小
查看Oracle 表空間使用率
查看Temp 表空間實際使用磁盤大小
查看session使用回滾段
查看當前臨時表空間使用大小與正在占用臨時表空間的sql語句
Temp表空間上進程的查詢
查看SGA區(qū)剩余可用內(nèi)存
監(jiān)控表空間IO比例
監(jiān)控SGA命中率
監(jiān)控 SGA 中字典緩沖區(qū)的命中率
監(jiān)控 SGA 享緩存區(qū)的命中率應該小于1
監(jiān)控 SGA 中重做日志緩存區(qū)的命中率應該小于1
監(jiān)控內(nèi)存和硬盤的排序比率最好使它小于 10
監(jiān)控字典緩沖區(qū)
非系統(tǒng)用戶建在SYSTEM表空間中的表
性能最差的SQL
讀磁盤數(shù)超100次的sql
查找消耗資源比較的sql語句
最頻繁執(zhí)行的sql
查詢使用CPU多的用戶session
當前每個會話使用的對象數(shù)
查看數(shù)據(jù)庫庫對象
查看數(shù)據(jù)庫的版本　
查看數(shù)據(jù)庫的創(chuàng)建日期和歸檔方式
檢查角色和權(quán)限設置
- 根據(jù)用戶名進行授權(quán)的對象級特權(quán)
- 根據(jù)被授權(quán)人進行授權(quán)的對象級特權(quán)
- 根據(jù)用戶名進行授予的系統(tǒng)級特權(quán)
- 根據(jù)被授權(quán)人進行授予的系統(tǒng)級特權(quán)
- 根據(jù)用戶名授予的角色
- 根據(jù)被授權(quán)人授予的角色
- 用戶名及已被授予的相應權(quán)限
- 查詢用戶名及相應的配置文件默認的表空間和臨時表空間
等待事件V視圖
- 馬上該誰等待查詢VSESSION_WAIT VSESSION
- 馬上該誰等待SPECIFIC Waits查詢VSESSION_WAIT
- 誰在等待 - 最后10 個等待數(shù)查詢VSESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
- 查找P1 P2 P3代表什么查詢 VEVENT_NAME
- 會話開始后的所有等待數(shù)查詢 VSESSION_EVENT
- 類的所有會話等待數(shù)查詢VSESSION_WAIT_CLASS
- 系統(tǒng)啟動后的所有等待數(shù)查詢VSYSTEM_EVENT
- 類的系統(tǒng)等待數(shù)查詢VSYSTEM_WAIT_CLASS
- 類的系統(tǒng)等待數(shù)查詢VACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
自動工作量倉庫AWR 的基本信息
獲取生成的trace文件

死鎖后的解決辦法

如果死鎖不能自動釋放，就需要我們手工的 kill session

生成Kill Session語句

查看有無死鎖對象，如有 kill session

SELECT 'alter system kill session ''' || sid || ',' || serial# || ''';' "Deadlock" FROM v$session WHERE sid IN (SELECT sid FROM v$lock WHERE block = 1);

如果有，會返回類似與如下的信息：

alter system kill session '761,876'; .....

kill session：
執(zhí)行 alter system kill session ‘761,876’(sid 為 761);

注意：應當注意對于 sid 在 100 以下的應當謹慎，可能該進程對應某個application，如對應某個事務,可以 kill

查看導致死鎖的 SQL

SELECT s.sid, q.sql_text FROM v$sqltext q, v$session s WHERE q.address = s.sql_address AND s.sid = &sid -- 這個&sid 是第一步查詢出來的 ORDER BY piece;

執(zhí)行后，輸入對應的sid即可查看對應的sql.

查看誰鎖了誰

SELECT s1.username || '@' || s1.machine || ' ( SID=' || s1.sid ||' ) is blocking ' || s2.username || '@' || s2.machine || ' ( SID=' || s2.sid || ' ) ' AS blocking_status FROM v$lock l1, v$session s1, v$lock l2, v$session s2 WHERE s1.sid = l1.sid AND s2.sid = l2.sid AND l1.BLOCK = 1 AND l2.request > 0 AND l1.id1 = l2.id1 AND l2.id2 = l2.id2;

或者

推薦這個，因為使用的是 v$locked_object

SELECT LPAD(' ', DECODE(l.xidusn, 0, 3, 0)) || l.oracle_username User_name, o.owner, o.object_name, o.object_type, s.sid, s.serial# FROM v$locked_object l, dba_objects o, v$session s WHERE l.object_id = o.object_id AND l.session_id = s.sid ORDER BY o.object_id, xidusn DESC;

V$LOCKED_OBJECT只能報發(fā)生等待的表級鎖,不能報發(fā)生等待的行級鎖。

ORA-00054 資源正忙，要求指定 NOWAIT

演示：

select * from emp for update ;--通過for update 獲取一個排它鎖

SQL>select object_name as 對象名稱,s.sid,s.serial#,p.spid as 系統(tǒng)進程號 from v$locked_object l , dba_objects o , v$session s , v$process p where l.object_id=o.object_id and l.session_id=s.sid and s.paddr=p.addr; 對象名稱 SID SERIAL# 系統(tǒng)進程號 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------------------------ EMP 1411 8865 32720

在另外一個會話中執(zhí)行

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '1411,8865';

查詢綁定變量使用的實際值

1, SQL還在shared pool中，沒有被aged out 替換SQL ID 值即可

select sql_id, name, datatype_string, last_captured, value_string from v$sql_bind_capture where sql_id = '7nqt558g5gmyr' order by LAST_CAPTURED, POSITION;

2.請自行替換sql_id，此時是從awr中查詢(sql 被 aged out 出 shared pool)

select instance_number,sql_id,name,datatype_string,last_captured,value_stringfrom dba_hist_sqlbindwhere sql_id = 'fahv8x6ngrb50' order by LAST_CAPTURED, POSITION;

監(jiān)控事例的等待

select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev", sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot" from v$session_Wait group by event order by 4 ;

回滾段的爭用情況

select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"from v$rollstat a, v$rollname bwhere a.usn = b.usn;

查看回滾段名稱及大小

SELECT segment_name,tablespace_name,r.status,(initial_extent / 1024) initialextent,(next_extent / 1024) nextextent,max_extents,v.curext curextentFROM dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v WHERE r.segment_id = v.usn(+) ORDER BY segment_name;

查看控制文件

SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;

查看日志文件

SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;

查看前臺正在發(fā)出的SQL語句

select user_name,sql_textfrom v$open_cursorwhere sid in (select sid from (select sid,serial#,username,program 　　 from v$session 　　 where status='ACTIVE'));

數(shù)據(jù)表占用空間大小情況

select segment_name, tablespace_name, bytes, blocksfrom user_segmentswhere segment_type = 'TABLE' ORDER BY bytes DESC, blocks DESC;

查看表空間碎片大小

select tablespace_name,round(sqrt(max(blocks)/sum(blocks))*(100/sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))),2) FSFI from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name order by 1;

查看表空間占用磁盤情況

select b.file_id 文件ID號,b.tablespace_name 表空間名,b.bytes 字節(jié)數(shù), (b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) 已使用, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)) 剩余空間, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩余百分比 from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b where a.file_id=b.file_id group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_id,b.bytes order by b.file_id;

查看表的大小，倒序排列

每張表都是作為“段”來存儲的，可以通過user_segments視圖查看其相應信息。
段（segments）的定義：如果創(chuàng)建一個堆組織表，則該表就是一個段

SELECT SEGMENT_NAME, SUM(BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 MBYTESE FROM USER_SEGMENTS WHERE SEGMENT_TYPE = 'TABLE' GROUP BY SEGMENT_NAME order by MBYTESE desc;

查看表空間物理文件的名稱及大小

SELECT tablespace_name,file_id,file_name,round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space FROM dba_data_files ORDER BY tablespace_name;

查看Oracle 表空間使用率

SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME, SPACE || 'M' "SUM_SPACE(M)", SPACE - NVL (FREE_SPACE, 0) || 'M' "USED_SPACE(M)", ROUND ( (1 - NVL (FREE_SPACE, 0) / SPACE) * 100, 2) || '%' "USED_RATE(%)", FREE_SPACE || 'M' "FREE_SPACE(M)" FROM ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, ROUND (SUM (BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) SPACE, SUM (BLOCKS) BLOCKS FROM DBA_DATA_FILES GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D, ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, ROUND (SUM (BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) FREE_SPACE FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME(+) UNION ALL --如果有臨時表空間 SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME, SPACE || 'M' "SUM_SPACE(M)", USED_SPACE || 'M' "USED_SPACE(M)", ROUND (NVL (USED_SPACE, 0) / SPACE * 100, 2) || '%' "USED_RATE(%)", NVL (FREE_SPACE, 0) || 'M' "FREE_SPACE(M)" FROM ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, ROUND (SUM (BYTES) / (1024 * 1024), 2) SPACE, SUM (BLOCKS) BLOCKS FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D, ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, ROUND (SUM (BYTES_USED) / (1024 * 1024), 2) USED_SPACE, ROUND (SUM (BYTES_FREE) / (1024 * 1024), 2) FREE_SPACE FROM V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME(+) ORDER BY 1;

SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空間名",total "表空間大小",free "表空間剩余大小", (total - free) "表空間使用大小", total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間大小(G)", free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間剩余大小(G)", (total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空間使用大小(G)", round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %" FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free FROM dba_free_space GROUP BY tablespace_name) a, (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total FROM dba_data_files GROUP BY tablespace_name) b WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name

查看Temp 表空間實際使用磁盤大小

Select f.tablespace_name,d.file_name "Tempfile name",round((f.bytes_free + f.bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024, 2) "total MB", round(((f.bytes_free + f.bytes_used) - nvl(p.bytes_used, 0)) / 1024 / 1024, 2) "Free MB", round(nvl(p.bytes_used, 0) / 1024 / 1024, 2) "Used MB", round((round(nvl(p.bytes_used, 0) / 1024 / 1024, 2) / round((f.bytes_free + f.bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024, 2)) * 100, 2) as "Used_Rate(%)" from SYS.V_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER f, DBA_TEMP_FILES d, SYS.V_$TEMP_EXTENT_POOL p where f.tablespace_name(+) = d.tablespace_name and f.file_id(+) = d.file_id and p.file_id(+) = d.file_id;

查看session使用回滾段

SELECT r.name 回滾段名,s.sid,s.serial#,s.username 用戶名, t.status, t.cr_get, t.phy_io, t.used_ublk, t.noundo, substr(s.program, 1, 78) 操作程序 FROM sys.v_$session s,sys.v_$transaction t,sys.v_$rollname r WHERE t.addr = s.taddr and t.xidusn = r.usn ORDER BY t.cr_get,t.phy_io;

查看當前臨時表空間使用大小與正在占用臨時表空間的sql語句

select sess.SID, segtype, blocks * 8 / 1000 "MB", sql_text from v$sort_usage sort, v$session sess, v$sql sql where sort.SESSION_ADDR = sess.SADDR and sql.ADDRESS = sess.SQL_ADDRESS order by blocks desc;

Temp表空間上進程的查詢

select a.tablespace, b.sid, b.serial#, a.blocks,c.sql_textfrom v$sort_usage a,v$session b,v$sqltext cwhere a.session_addr = b.saddr and b.sql_address = c.address order by a.tablespace,b.sid,b.serial#,c.address, c.piece;

查看SGA區(qū)剩余可用內(nèi)存

select name,sgasize/1024/1024　　　　　　　　"Allocated(M)",bytes/1024　　　　　　　　　　　 "**空間(K)", 　　　　　　round(bytes/sgasize*100, 2)　　　"**空間百分比(%)" 　　 from (select sum(bytes) sgasize from sys.v_$sgastat) s, sys.v_$sgastat f 　　 where f.name = 'free memory';

監(jiān)控表空間I/O比例

select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr, f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df where f.file# = df.file_id order by df.tablespace_name;

監(jiān)控SGA命中率

select a.value + b.value "logical_reads", c.value "phys_reads", round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO" from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c where a.statistic# = 38 and b.statistic# = 39 and c.statistic# = 40 ;

監(jiān)控 SGA 中字典緩沖區(qū)的命中率

select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio", (1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio" from v$rowcache where gets+getmisses <>0 group by parameter, gets, getmisses ;

監(jiān)控 SGA **享緩存區(qū)的命中率，應該小于1%

select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads", sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache from v$librarycache;

監(jiān)控 SGA 中重做日志緩存區(qū)的命中率，應該小于1%

SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses, Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1, Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0, immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2 FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');

監(jiān)控內(nèi)存和硬盤的排序比率，最好使它小于 .10

SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)') ;

監(jiān)控字典緩沖區(qū)

SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES" FROM V$ROWCACHE ;

非系統(tǒng)用戶建在SYSTEM表空間中的表

SELECT owner,table_name FROM DBA_TABLES WHERE tablespace_name in('SYSTEM','USER_DATA') AND owner NOT IN('SYSTEM','SYS','OUTLN', 'ORDSYS','MDSYS','SCOTT', 'HOSTEAC');

性能最差的SQL

SELECT * FROM ( SELECT PARSING_USER_ID EXECUTIONS,SORTS,COMMAND_TYPE,DISK_READS,sql_text FROM v$sqlarea ORDER BY disk_reads DESC) WHERE ROWNUM<100;

讀磁盤數(shù)超100次的sql

select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100;

查找消耗資源比較的sql語句

Select se.username,se.sid,su.extents,su.blocks * to_number(rtrim(p.value)) as Space, tablespace, segtype, sql_text from v$sort_usage su, v$parameter p, v$session se, v$sql s where p.name = 'db_block_size' and su.session_addr = se.saddr and s.hash_value = su.sqlhash and s.address = su.sqladdr order by se.username, se.sid;

最頻繁執(zhí)行的sql

select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where executions>100;

查詢使用CPU多的用戶session

select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c where c.statistic#=12 and c.sid=a.sid and a.paddr=b.addr order by value desc;

當前每個會話使用的對象數(shù)

SELECT a.sid,s.terminal,s.program,count(a.sid) FROM V$ACCESS a,V$SESSION s WHERE a.owner <> 'SYS'AND s.sid = a.sid GROUP BY a.sid,s.terminal,s.program ORDER BY count(a.sid) ;

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫庫對象

SELECT owner, object_type, status, COUNT(*) count#FROM all_objects GROUP BY owner, object_type, status;

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫的版本　

SELECT version FROM product_component_version WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle';

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫的創(chuàng)建日期和歸檔方式

SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;

檢查角色和權(quán)限設置

根據(jù)用戶名進行授權(quán)的對象級特權(quán)

select b.owner || '.' || b.table_name obj,b.privilege what_granted,b.grantable, a.username from sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_tab_privs b where a.username = b.grantee order by 1, 2, 3;

根據(jù)被授權(quán)人進行授權(quán)的對象級特權(quán)

Select owner || '.' || table_name obj,privilege what_granted,grantable,granteefrom sys.dba_tab_privswhere not exists (select 'x' from sys.dba_users where username = grantee) order by 1, 2, 3;

根據(jù)用戶名進行授予的系統(tǒng)級特權(quán)

select b.privilege what_granted, b.admin_option, a.usernamefrom sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_sys_privs b where a.username = b.grantee order by 1, 2;

根據(jù)被授權(quán)人進行授予的系統(tǒng)級特權(quán)

select privilege what_granted, admin_option, granteefrom sys.dba_sys_privswhere not exists (select 'x' from sys.dba_users where username = grantee) order by 1, 2;

根據(jù)用戶名授予的角色

select b.granted_role ||decode(admin_option, 'YES', ' (With Admin Option)', null) what_granted, a.username from sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_role_privs b where a.username = b.grantee order by 1;

根據(jù)被授權(quán)人授予的角色

select granted_role ||decode(admin_option, 'YES', ' (With Admin Option)', null) what_granted, grantee from sys.dba_role_privs where not exists (select 'x' from sys.dba_users where username = grantee) order by 1;

用戶名及已被授予的相應權(quán)限

select a.username,b.granted_role ||decode(admin_option, 'YES', ' (With Admin Option)', null) what_granted from sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_role_privs b where a.username = b.grantee UNION select a.username, b.privilege || decode(admin_option, 'YES', ' (With Admin Option)', null) what_granted from sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_sys_privs b where a.username = b.grantee UNION select a.username, b.table_name || '-' || b.privilege || decode(grantable, 'YES', ' (With Grant Option)', null) what_granted from sys.dba_users a, sys.dba_tab_privs b where a.username = b.grantee order by 1;

查詢用戶名及相應的配置文件、默認的表空間和臨時表空間

Select username, profile, default_tablespace, temporary_tablespace, createdfrom sys.dba_usersorder by username;

等待事件V$視圖

在Oracle 10g中V$SESSION_WAIT中的所有等待事件列現(xiàn)在都在V$SESSION中。因此，確保查詢等待信息的 V$SESSION，因為它是一個更快的視圖。V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY (ASH)將許多重要統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)合并為一個視圖或一個報表(ASH報表)。

馬上該誰等待–查詢V$SESSION_WAIT / V$SESSION

select event,sum(decode(wait_time, 0, 1, 0)) "Waiting Now", sum(decode(wait_time, 0, 0, 1)) "Previous Waits", count(*) "Total" from v$session_wait group by event order by count(*);

馬上該誰等待；SPECIFIC Waits–查詢V$SESSION_WAIT

SELECT /*+ ordered */sid, event, owner, segment_name, segment_type, p1, p2, p3FROM v$session_wait sw, dba_extents deWHERE de.file_id = sw.p1AND sw.p2 between de.block_id and de.block_id + de.blocks - 1 AND (event = 'buffer busy waits' OR event = 'write complete waits') AND p1 IS NOT null ORDER BY event, sid;

誰在等待 - 最后10 個等待數(shù)–查詢V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY

查找P1, P2, P3代表什么–查詢 V$EVENT_NAME

select event#, name, parameter1 p1, parameter2 p2, parameter3 p3from v$event_namewhere name in ('buffer busy waits', 'write complete waits');

會話開始后的所有等待數(shù)–查詢 V$SESSION_EVENT

select sid, event, total_waits, time_waited, event_idfrom v$session_eventwhere time_waited > 0 order by time_waited;

類的所有會話等待數(shù)–查詢V$SESSION_WAIT_CLASS

select sid, wait_class, total_waits from v$session_wait_class;

系統(tǒng)啟動后的所有等待數(shù)–查詢V$SYSTEM_EVENT

select event, total_waits, time_waited, event_idfrom v$system_eventwhere time_waited > 0 order by time_waited;

類的系統(tǒng)等待數(shù)–查詢V$SYSTEM_WAIT_CLASS

select wait_class, total_waitsfrom v$system_wait_classorder by total_waits desc;

類的系統(tǒng)等待數(shù)–查詢V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY

–In the query below, the highest count session is leader in non-idle wait events.

select session_id, count(1)from v$active_session_history group by session_id order by 2;

–In the query below, find the SQL for the leader in non-idle wait events.

select c.sql_id, a.sql_textfrom v$sql a,(select sql_id, count(1) from v$active_session_history b where sql_id is not null group by sql_id order by 2 desc) c where rownum <= 5 order by rownum;

自動工作量倉庫(AWR) 的基本信息

自動工作量倉庫(AWR)在默認情況下，倉庫用小時填充，保留期是7天。
AWR使用多少空間

SQL> Select occupant_name,occupant_desc,space_usage_kbytes from v$sysaux_occupants where occupant_name like '%AWR%'; OCCUPANT_NAME OCCUPANT_DESC SPACE_USAGE_KBYTES ----------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------ SM/AWR Server Manageability - Automatic Workload Repository 215616 SQL>

系統(tǒng)上最原始的AWR信息是什么？

SQL> select dbms_stats.get_stats_history_availability from dual;GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY ------------------------------------------------------------- 20-OCT-16 12.04.49.088829000 AM -04:00

什么是AWR信息的保留期？

SQL> select dbms_stats.get_stats_history_retention from dual;GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION --------------------------- 31

將AWR信息的保留期更改為15天？

SQL> EXEC dbms_stats.alter_stats_history_retention(15); PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。

獲取生成的trace文件

開啟SQL跟蹤后，會生成一個trace文件，通過初始化參數(shù)user_dump_dest配置其所在目錄，該參數(shù)的值可以通過下面方法獲取到：

select name, value from v$parameter where name = 'user_dump_dest'

trace文件的名字是獨立于版本和平臺的，在大部分常見的平臺下，命名結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

{instance name}_{process name}_{process id}.trc

1）instance name
初始化參數(shù)instance_name的小寫值。通過v$instance視圖的instance_name列可以得到這個值。
2）process name
產(chǎn)生跟蹤文件進程的名字的小寫值。對于專有服務器進程，使用ora，對于共享服務器進程，可以通過v$diapatcher或v$shared_server視圖的name列獲得。對于并行從屬進程，可以通過v$px_process視圖server_name列獲得，對于其他多數(shù)后臺進程來說，可以通過v$bgprocess視圖的name列獲得。
3）process id
操作系統(tǒng)層面的進程標記。這個值可以通過v$process視圖的spid列獲取。

根據(jù)這些信息，可以通過下面的方式獲取trace文件名：

select s.SID,s.SERVER,lower(casewhen s.SERVER in ('DEDICATED', 'SHARED') then i.INSTANCE_NAME || '_' || nvl(pp.SERVER_NAME, nvl(ss.NAME, 'ora')) || '_' || p.SPID || '.trc' else null end) as trace_file_name from v$instance i, v$session s, v$process p, v$px_process pp, v$shared_server ss where s.PADDR = p.ADDR and s.SID = pp.SID(+) and s.PADDR = ss.PADDR(+) and s.TYPE = 'USER' and s.SID = 'your sid' order by s.SID

將上面的’your sid’替換為你的session的sid就可以查出指定session生成的trace文件的名字，session的sid在v$session視圖中得到，或者直接查詢當前session的sid：

select userenv('sid') from dual 或者 select sid from v$mystat a where rownum=1 ;

將路徑（user_dump_dest）和文件名結(jié)合在一起，我們就得到了trace文件的完整路徑。

而在Oracel 11g中，查詢當前會話生成的trace文件則非常簡單：

select value from v$diag_info where name = 'Default Trace File'

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