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python paramiko 问题总结

發(fā)布時間：2025/7/14 python 20 豆豆

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?Working with paramiko

SSHClient is the main class provided by the paramkio module. It provides the basic interface you are going to want to use to instantiate server connections. The above code creates a new SSHClient object, and then calls ”connect()” to connect us to the local SSH server.

Here’s a simple example:

1	import paramiko

2	ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

3???????????????ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username='vinod', password='screct')	?
?	?
?	?
這樣將會報如下錯誤： >>> ssh.connect('127.0.0.1',username='root',password='000000') Traceback (most recent call last): ??File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? ??File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 311, in connect ????self._policy.missing_host_key(self, server_hostkey_name, server_key) ??File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 85, in missing_host_key ????raise SSHException('Unknown server %s' % hostname) paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server 127.0.0.1 ? 解決方法： ? Known_host="/root/.ssh/known_hosts"<=前提，這里應該存在與127.0.0.1有關的信息。 ssh.load_system_host_keys( known_host) ? ? ? ?	?

Another way is to use an SSH key:

1	import paramiko

import os

3	privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/id_rsa')

4	mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile)

5	ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username = 'vinod', pkey = mykey)

注意:（這里的key，用的是RSA的key，我們在用ssh-keygen -t rsa來指定它，才可以在這里用，否則將會報無法識別的RSA KEY。而且如果你的RSA Key有密碼的話，你還需要

mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='12345678')

不過，我們可以用publickey來登錄的。

解法如下:

serverHost = "127.0.0.1"

serverPort = 22

userName = "root"

keyFile = "~/.ssh/badboy"

known_host = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"

channel = paramiko.SSHClient();

channel.load_system_host_keys( known_host )

channel.connect( serverHost, serverPort,username = userName, key_filename = keyFile )

）

Running Simple Commands

Lets run some simple commands on a remote machine.

1	import paramiko
2	ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

3	ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())?<=這樣的話，就會報paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server

4	ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

5	stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -h')

6	print stdout.readlines()

7	ssh.close()

“paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()” which will auto-accept unknown keys.

Using sudo in running commands:

01	import paramiko

03	cmd??? = "sudo /etc/rc.d/apache2 restart"

05	ssh??? = paramiko.SSHClient()

06	ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

07	ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

08	stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)

09	stdin.write('secret\n')

10	stdin.flush()

11	print stdout.readlines()

12	ssh.close()

在這個例子中，無法運行，也無法解釋，希望志同道合的朋友能給個解釋!

Secure File Transfer Using SFTPClient

SFTPClient is used to open an sftp session across an open ssh Transport and do remote file operations.

An SSH Transport attaches to a stream (usually a socket), negotiates an encrypted session, authenticates, and then creates stream tunnels, called?Channels, across the session. Multiple channels can be multiplexed across a single session (and often are, in the case of port forwardings).

以下是用密碼認證功能登錄的

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

socks=('127.0.0.1',22)

testssh=paramiko.Transport(socks)

testssh.connect(username='root',password='000000')

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

remotepath="/tmp/a.log"

localpath="/tmp/c.log"

sftptest.put(remotepath,localpath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

以下是用DSA認證登錄的(PubkeyAuthentication)
#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

serverHost = "192.168.1.172"

serverPort = 22

userName = "root"

keyFile = "/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun"

known_host = "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"

channel = paramiko.SSHClient();

#host_keys = channel.load_system_host_keys(known_host)

channel.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

channel.connect(serverHost, serverPort,username=userName, key_filename=keyFile )

testssh=paramiko.Transport((serverHost,serverPort))

mykey = paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyFile,password='xyxyxy')

testssh.connect(username=userName,pkey=mykey)

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

filepath='/tmp/e.log'

localpath='/tmp/a.log'

sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

以下是用RSA Key認證登錄的

#!/usr/bin/evn python

import os

import paramiko

host='127.0.0.1'

port=22

testssh=paramiko.Transport((host,port))

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')

mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')

username = 'root'

testssh.connect(username=username, pkey=mykey)

sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)

filepath='/tmp/e.log'

localpath='/tmp/a.log'

sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)

sftptest.close()

testssh.close()

另一種方法：

在paramiko中使用用戶名和密碼通過sftp傳輸文件，不使用key文件。

import getpass

import select

import socket

import traceback

import paramiko

def putfile():

????#import interactive

????# setup logging

????paramiko.util.log_to_file('demo.log')

????username = username

????hostname = hostname

????port = 22

????# now connect

????try:

????????sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

????????sock.connect((hostname, port))

????except Exception, e:

????????print '*** Connect failed: ' + str(e)

????????traceback.print_exc()

????????sys.exit(1)

????t = paramiko.Transport(sock)

????try:

????????t.start_client()

????except paramiko.SSHException:

????????print '*** SSH negotiation failed.'

????????sys.exit(1)

????keys = {}

????# check server's host key -- this is important.

????key = t.get_remote_server_key()

????# get username

????t.auth_password(username, password)

????sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

????# dirlist on remote host

????d=datetime.date.today()-datetime.timedelta(1)

????sftp.put(localFile,serverFile)

?????????sftp.close()

????t.close()

使用DSA認證登錄的(PubkeyAuthentication)

#!/usr/bin/env python

import socket

import paramiko

import os

username='root'

hostname='192.168.1.169'

port = 22

sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sock.connect((hostname, port))

t=paramiko.Transport(sock)

t.start_client()

key=t.get_remote_server_key()

#t.auth_password(username,'000000')

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun')

mykey=paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='061128')

t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)

sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")

sftp.close()

t.close()

使用RSA Key驗證

#!/usr/bin/env python

import socket

import paramiko

import os

username='root'

hostname='127.0.0.1'

port = 22

sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

sock.connect((hostname, port))

t=paramiko.Transport(sock)

t.start_client()

key=t.get_remote_server_key()

#t.auth_password(username,'000000')

privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')

mykey=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')

t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)

sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)

sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")

sftp.close()

t.close()

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/lihuipeng/1077357

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