本文轉自：https://blog.csdn.net/nuli888/article/details/51870088

(1)桌面系統
[centos6] GNOME 2.x
[centos7] GNOME 3.x（GNOME Shell）

(2)文件系統
[centos6] ext4
[centos7] xfs

(3)內核版本
[centos6] 2.6.x-x
[centos7] 3.10.x-x

(4)啟動加載器
[centos6] GRUB Legacy (+efibootmgr)
[centos7] GRUB2

(5)防火墻
[centos6] iptables
[centos7] firewalld

(6)默認數據庫
[centos6] MySQL
[centos7] MariaDB

(7)文件結構
[centos6] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下
[centos7] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64移到/usr下

(8)主機名
[centos6] /etc/sysconfig/network
[centos7] /etc/hostname

(9)時間同步
[centos6]
$ ntp
$ ntpq -p

[centos7]
$ chrony
$ chronyc sources

(10)修改時間
[centos6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/clock
ZONE="Asia/Tokyo"
UTC=fales
$ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime

[centos7]
$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
$ timedatectl status

(11)修改地區
[centos6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n
LANG="ja_JP.utf8"
$ /etc/sysconfig/i18n
$ locale

[centos7]
$ localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8
$ localectl status

(12)服務相關

1）啟動停止
[centos6]
$ service service_name start
$ service service_name stop
$ service sshd restart/status/reload

[centos7]
$ systemctl start service_name
$ systemctl stop service_name
$ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd

自啟動
[centos6]
$ chkconfig service_name on/off

[centos7]
$ systemctl enable service_name
$ systemctl disable service_name

服務一覽
[centos6]
$ chkconfig --list

[centos7]
$ systemctl list-unit-files
$ systemctl --type service

強制停止
[centos6]
$ kill -9 <PID>

[centos7]
$ systemctl kill --signal=9 sshd

(13)網絡

1）網絡信息
[centos6]
$ netstat
$ netstat -I
$ netstat -n

[centos7]
$ ip n
$ ip -s l
$ ss

2）IP地址MAC地址
[centos6]
$ ifconfig -a

[centos7]
$ ip address show

3）路由
[centos6]
$ route -n
$ route -A inet6 -n

[centos7]
$ ip route show
$ ip -6 route show

(14)重啟關閉

1）關閉
[centos6]
$ shutdown -h now

[centos7]
$ poweroff
$ systemctl poweroff

2）重啟
[centos6]
$ reboot
$ shutdown -r now

[centos7]
$ reboot
$ systemctl reboot

3）單用戶模式
[centos6]
$ init S

[centos7]
$ systemctl rescue

4）啟動模式
[centos6]
[GUI?CUI]
$ vim /etc/inittab
id:3:initdefault:
[CUI?GUI]
$ startx

[centos7]
[GUI?CUI]
$ systemctl isolate multi-user.target
[CUI?GUI]
$systemctl isolate graphical.target
默認
$ systemctl set-default graphical.target
$ systemctl set-default multi-user.target
當前
$ systemctl get-default

總結

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