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Parsing HTML with the BeautifulSoup Module
Beautiful Soup是用于提取HTML網頁信息的模板，BeautifulSoup模板名字是bs4。
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bs4.BeautifulSoup()函數需要調用時，攜帶包含HTML的一個字符串。這個字符串將被復制。
bs4.BeautifulSoup()返回一個BeautifulSoup對象。
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Beautiful Soup is a module for extracting information from an HTML page (and is much better for this purpose than regular expressions). The?BeautifulSoupmodule’s name is?bs4?(for Beautiful Soup, version 4). To install it, you will need to run?pip install beautifulsoup4?from the command line. (Check out Appendix A for instructions on installing third-party modules.) While?beautifulsoup4?is the name used for installation, to import Beautiful Soup you run?import bs4.
For this chapter, the Beautiful Soup examples will?parse?(that is, analyze and identify the parts of) an HTML file on the hard drive. Open a new file editor window in IDLE, enter the following, and save it as?example.html. Alternatively, download it from?http://nostarch.com/automatestuff/.
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<!-- This is the example.html example file. --><html><head><title>The Website Title</title></head>
<body><p>Download my <strong>Python</strong> book from <a href="http://inventwithpython.com">my website</a>.</p><p class="slogan">Learn Python the easy way!</p><p>By <span id="author">Al Sweigart</span></p>
</body></html>
As you can see, even a simple HTML file involves many different tags and attributes, and matters quickly get confusing with complex websites. Thankfully, Beautiful Soup makes working with HTML much easier.
Creating a BeautifulSoup Object from HTML
bs4.BeautifulSoup()函數需要調用時，攜帶包含HTML的一個字符串。這個字符串將被復制。
bs4.BeautifulSoup()返回一個BeautifulSoup對象。
The?bs4.BeautifulSoup()?function needs to be called with a string containing the HTML it will parse. The?bs4.BeautifulSoup()?function returns is a?BeautifulSoupobject. Enter the following into the interactive shell while your computer is connected to the Internet:
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>>>?import requests, bs4>>>?res = requests.get('http://nostarch.com')
>>>?res.raise_for_status()
>>>?noStarchSoup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text) #返回文字屬性給bs4.BeautifulSoup函數
>>>?type(noStarchSoup)
?<class 'bs4.BeautifulSoup'>
This code uses?requests.get()?to download the main page from the No Starch Press website and then passes the?text?attribute of the response to?bs4.BeautifulSoup(). The?BeautifulSoup?object that it returns is stored in a variable named?noStarchSoup.
You can also load an HTML file from your hard drive by passing a?File?object tobs4.BeautifulSoup(). Enter the following into the interactive shell (make sure theexample.html?file is in the working directory):
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>>>?exampleFile = open('example.html')>>>?exampleSoup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(exampleFile)
>>>?type(exampleSoup)
?<class 'bs4.BeautifulSoup'>
Once you have a?BeautifulSoup?object, you can use its methods to locate specific parts of an HTML document.
如何創建一個example.html測試文件
打開一個idle文件，復制好下圖HTML代碼，用example.html文件名報存
python風控評分卡建模和風控常識
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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/webRobot/p/5236665.html
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