ubuntu 编译安装php mysql_ubuntu编译安装php5 mysql nginx
一、首先下載軟件源碼包
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.10.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz
二、安裝PHP 5.2.10(FastCGI模式)
1、首先安裝PHP 5.2.10所需的支持庫
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
#在make中途出錯的話， apt-get install g++ ，然后重新再做一邊
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la ?/usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
2、編譯安裝MySQL 5.1.38
添加mysql用戶組和用戶
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.38/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ –enable-assembler
–with-extra-charsets=complex –enable-thread-safe-client
–with-big-tables –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server
–enable-local-infile –with-plugins=innobase
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cd ..
#如果編譯過程中出現如下錯誤
#checking for tgetent in -ltermcap… no
#checking for termcap functions library… configure: error: No curses/termcap library found
#說明 curses/termcap 庫沒有安裝去下載一個ncurses-5.6.tar.gz，
#wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
#tar zxvf ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
#cd ncurses-5.6
# ./configure –prefix=/usr –with-shared –without-debug
# make
# make install clean
#然后再重新編譯Mysql進行安裝。
#如果又遇到如下錯誤：
make[2]: *** [do_abi_check] 錯誤 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mysql-5.5.3-m3′
make[1]: *** [abi_check] 錯誤 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mysql-5.5.3-m3′
make: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1
#在網上搜了一下，說是Mysql的一個Bug,解決方法是打開Makefile將do_abi_check:后面的語句刪除，注意do_abi_check:需要留下來，然后再 make && make install
附：以下為附加步驟，如果你想在這臺服務器上運行MySQL數據庫，則執行以下兩步。如果你只是希望讓PHP支持MySQL擴展庫，能夠連接其他服務器上的MySQL數據庫，那么，以下兩步無需執行。
1)、創建MySQL數據庫存放目錄
mkdir -p /var/webserver/mysql/3306/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/webserver/mysql/3306
2)、以mysql用戶帳號的身份建立數據表：
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db
–basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
–datadir=/var/webserver/mysql/3306/data –user=mysql
3)、創建my.cnf配置文件：
vim /var/webserver/mysql/3306/my.cnf
輸入以下內容：
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port ? ?= 3306
socket ?= /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
prompt=”(\u:blog.s135.com:)[\d]> ”
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
#default-character-set = utf8
user ? ?= mysql
port ? ?= 3306
socket ?= /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
datadir = /var/webserver/mysql/3306/data
open_files_limit ? ?= 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
log-bin = /var/webserver/mysql/3306/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
skip-name-resolve
#master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
server-id = 1
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M ?#如果啟動不了Mysql把它改為1024或者增大swap分區的大小
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
4)、創建管理MySQL數據庫的shell腳本：
vim /etc/init.d/mysql
輸入以下內容：
#!/bin/sh
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username=”root”
mysql_password=”root”
function_start_mysql()
{
printf “Starting MySQL…\n”
/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
–defaults-file=/var/webserver/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1
> /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf “Stoping MySQL…\n”
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf “Restarting MySQL…\n”
function_stop_mysql
sleep 5
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep ‘bin/mysqld_safe’ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}’)
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep ‘libexec/mysqld’ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}’)
}
if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
printf “Usage: /var/webserver/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n”
fi
5)、添加執行權限
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
6)、添加mysql服務(ubuntu),并啟動服務添加自定義shell命令
#添加mysql服務
sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults 100
#啟動mysql服務
service mysql start
#添加自寫義shell命令，方便進入mysql
sudo vim ~/.bashrc
#在最后一行加入以下內容
mysql () {
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqlr
}
#讓其立即生效
source ~/.bashrc
7)、登陸mysql以上添加好之后，直接輸入mysql就可以登陸進去了
8)、輸入以下SQL語句，創建一個具有root權限的用戶
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@'localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ”;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@’127.0.0.1′ IDENTIFIED BY ”;
3、編譯安裝PHP(FastCGI模式)
tar zxvf php-5.2.10.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1
cd php-5.2.10/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php
–with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc
–with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
–with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config
–with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir
–with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml
–disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath
–enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl
–with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fastcgi –enable-fpm
–enable-force-cgi-redirect –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd
–enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl
–enable-sockets –with-ldap –with-ldap-sasl –with-xmlrpc –enable-zip
–enable-soap –without-pear
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for xml2-config… no
#checking for xml-config… no
#configure: error: XML configuration could not be found
#安裝 ?apt-get install libxml2-dev
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for pkg-config… /usr/bin/pkg-config
#configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL’s
#安裝 ? apt-get install libssl-dev”
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for cURL in default path… not found
#configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution – ?easy.h should be in /include/curl/
#安裝: ?apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev
#如果出現:
#configure: error: libjpeg.(a|so) not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libjpeg-dev
#如果出現:
#configure: error: libpng.(a|so) not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libpng12-dev
#如果出現:configure: error: freetype.h not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libfreetype6-dev
#如果出現:configure: error: sasl.h not found!
#安裝: ?apt-get install libsasl2-dev
如果出現:
+——————————————————————–+
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? *** ATTENTION *** ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| Something is likely to be messed up here, because the configure ? ?|
| script was not able to detect a simple feature on your platform. ? |
| This is often caused by incorrect configuration parameters. Please |
| see the file debug.log for error messages. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| If you are unable to fix this, send the file debug.log to the ? ? ?|
| php-install@lists.php.net mailing list and include appropiate ? ? ?|
| information about your setup. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
+——————————————————————–+
| License: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this ? ? |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. ?By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. ? ? |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
+——————————————————————–+
Thank you for using PHP.
#到php安裝程序目錄(編譯PHP的目錄)去查看debug.log最后幾行如果有以下警告
A ? conftest.c:3: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘exit’
B ? ./conftest: error while loading shared libraries:
libmysqlclient.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or
directory
#增加LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql到環境變量,方法為編輯/etc/profile文
件,添 加:export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql
#如果不想重啟使用 . /etc/profile 就可以了，注意.和/etc中間有空格,然后再重新編譯
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’
make install
#復制配置好的php.ini到/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目錄下
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ..
#curl http://pear.php.net/go-pear | /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php
4、編譯安裝PHP5擴展模塊
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
#如果出現:
#Cannot find autoconf. Please check your autoconf installation and the
#$PHP_AUTOCONF environment variable. Then, rerun this script.
#安裝:
#sudo apt-get install m4
#sudo apt-get install autoconf
#或者直接:
#sudo apt-get install autoconf
#因為autoconf 依賴于m4,所以會自動下載解決這個依賴關系.
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –enable-eaccelerator=shared –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
#如果執行make時出錯，信息提示如下：
#/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lperl
#collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
#make[2]: *** [blib/arch/auto/Image/Magick/Magick.so] 錯誤 1
#make[2]:正在離開目錄 `/home/ouyangjunqiu/下載/ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/PerlMagick’
#make[1]: *** [all-perl] 錯誤 2
#make[1]:正在離開目錄 `/home/ouyangjunqiu/下載/ImageMagick-6.5.1-2′
#make: *** [all] 錯誤 2
#有兩種解決方法
#1.在配置的時候加個。。
#./configure –without-perl
#2.安裝庫文件
#apt-get install libperl-dev
#安裝完成后驗證一下是否能正常工作輸入convert -version 如果出現如下錯誤:
convert: error while loading shared libraries: libMagickCore.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
＃我們需要把安裝目錄下缺失的文件，用ln鏈接到/usr/lib目錄下
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore.so.2 /usr/lib
#然后可以使用convert ?xx.jpg ?xx.gif 把jpg的圖片轉換為gif看看能不能正常使用
tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
5、修改php.ini文件
手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”
修改為extension_dir = “/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”
并在此行后增加以下幾行，然后保存：
extension = “memcache.so”
extension = “pdo_mysql.so”
extension = “imagick.so”
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改為output_buffering = On
6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
按shift+g鍵跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension=”/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so”
eaccelerator.shm_size=”64″
eaccelerator.cache_dir=”/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache”
eaccelerator.enable=”1″
eaccelerator.optimizer=”1″
eaccelerator.check_mtime=”1″
eaccelerator.debug=”0″
eaccelerator.filter=”"
eaccelerator.shm_max=”0″
eaccelerator.shm_ttl=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_only=”0″
eaccelerator.compress=”1″
eaccelerator.compress_level=”9″
7、創建www用戶和組：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /var/webserver/www
chmod +w /var/webserver/www
chown -R www:www /var/webserver/www
8、創建php-fpm配置文件(php-fpm是為PHP打的一個FastCGI管理補丁，可以平滑變更php.ini配置而無需重啟php-cgi)：
在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目錄中創建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -rf /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
輸入以下內容(如果您安裝 Nginx + PHP 用于程序調試，請將以下的
name=”display_errors”>0
改為name=”display_errors”>1
，以便顯示PHP錯誤信息，否則，Nginx會報狀態為500的空白錯誤頁)：
All relative paths in this config are relative to php’s install prefix
Pid file
/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid
Error log file
/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log
Log level
notice
When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS …
10
… in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator’s shared memory.
1m
Time limit on waiting child’s reaction on signals from master
5s
Set to ‘no’ to debug fpm
yes
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
default
Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is ‘ip.ad.re.ss:port’ or just ‘port’ or ‘/path/to/unix/socket’
127.0.0.1:9000
Set listen(2) backlog
-1
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
0666
Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i
1
Unix user of processes
www
Unix group of processes
www
Process manager settings
Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are ‘static’ and ‘apache-like’
static
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
128
Settings group for ‘apache-like’ pm style
Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
20
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
5
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
35
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when ‘max_execution_time’ ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
’0s’ means ‘off’
0s
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
’0s’ means ‘off’
0s
The log file for slow requests
logs/slow.log
Set open file desc rlimit
65535
Set max core size rlimit
0
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
Redirect workers’ stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
yes
How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
102400
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
127.0.0.1
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
$HOSTNAME
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
/tmp
/tmp
/tmp
$OSTYPE
$MACHTYPE
2
9、啟動php-cgi進程，監聽127.0.0.1的9000端口，進程數為200(如果服務器內存小于3GB，可以只開啟64個進程)
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm還有其他參數，包
括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重啟php-cgi，重新加載配置文件
使用reload。
三、安裝Nginx 0.8.53
1、安裝Nginx所需的pcre庫：
tar zxvf pcre-7.9.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.9/
./configure
make && make install
cd ..
2、安裝Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.53/
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ..
3、創建Nginx日志目錄
mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
chmod +w /var/log/nginx
chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx
4、創建Nginx配置文件
1、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
輸入以下內容：
user ?www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log ?/var/log/nginx/nginx_error.log;
pid ? ? ? ?/var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections ?1024;
}
http {
include ? ? ? /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/mime.types;
default_type ?application/octet-stream;
log_format ?main ?’$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request “‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;
access_log ?/var/log/nginx/access.log ?main;
sendfile ? ? ? ?on;
autoindex off;
map $scheme $fastcgi_https { ## Detect when HTTPS is used
default off;
https on;
}
keepalive_timeout ?10;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffers 8 128k;
gzip ?on;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_proxied any;
#gzip_types ? text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript
text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
# Load config files from the /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d directory
include ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
添加虛似主機(注：因本人要使用Magento所以下面有的東西是給Magento寫的，這只是個例子)
vim /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d/zozhang.test.conf
寫下配置文件
server {
listen 80;
server_name zozhang.test;
#下面這包主要是給沒有加www的添加www,由于是本地測試，就不啟用了。
#rewrite / $scheme://www.$host$request_uri permanent; ## Forcibly prepend a www
}
server {
listen 80 default; #default 所的配置文件中，只能定義一個;
server_name zozhang.test; ## Domain is here twice so server_name_in_redirect will favour the www
root /var/webserver/www/test;
location / {
index index.html index.php; ## Allow a static html file to be shown first
try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; ## If missing pass the URI to Magento’s front handler
expires 30d; ## Assume all files are cachable
}
location /minify/ { ## Needed for Fooman Speedster
rewrite ^/minify/([0-9]+)(/.*\.(js|css))$ /lib/minify/m.php?f=$2&d=$1 last;
}
## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally
location /app/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /includes/ ? ? ? ? ? { deny all; }
location /lib/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /lib/minify/ ? ? ? ? { allow all; } ?## Deny is applied after rewrites so must specifically allow minify
location /media/downloadable/ { deny all; }
location /pkginfo/ ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /report/config.xml ? { deny all; }
location /var/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /var/export/ { ## Allow admins only to view export folder
auth_basic ? ? ? ? ? “Restricted”; ## Message shown in login window
auth_basic_user_file htpasswd; ## See /usr/local/webserver/nginx/confhtpassword
autoindex ? ? ? ? ? ?on;
}
location ?/. { ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files
return 404;
}
location @handler { ## Magento uses a common front handler
rewrite / /index.php;
}
location ~ \.php/ { ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler
rewrite ^(.*\.php)/ $1 last;
}
location ~ \.php$ { ## Execute PHP scripts
expires ? ? ? ?off; ## Do not cache dynamic content
fastcgi_pass ? 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param ?HTTPS $fastcgi_https;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_FILENAME ?$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include ? ? ? ?fastcgi_params; ## See /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
}
}
2、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
輸入以下內容：
fastcgi_param ?GATEWAY_INTERFACE ?CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_SOFTWARE ? ?nginx;
fastcgi_param ?QUERY_STRING ? ? ? $query_string;
fastcgi_param ?REQUEST_METHOD ? ? $request_method;
fastcgi_param ?CONTENT_TYPE ? ? ? $content_type;
fastcgi_param ?CONTENT_LENGTH ? ? $content_length;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_FILENAME ? ?$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_NAME ? ? ? ?$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param ?REQUEST_URI ? ? ? ?$request_uri;
fastcgi_param ?DOCUMENT_URI ? ? ? $document_uri;
fastcgi_param ?DOCUMENT_ROOT ? ? ?$document_root;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_PROTOCOL ? ?$server_protocol;
fastcgi_param ?REMOTE_ADDR ? ? ? ?$remote_addr;
fastcgi_param ?REMOTE_PORT ? ? ? ?$remote_port;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_ADDR ? ? ? ?$server_addr;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_PORT ? ? ? ?$server_port;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_NAME ? ? ? ?$server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param ?REDIRECT_STATUS ? ?200;
5、啟動Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
＃啟動過程中如果提示：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading
shared libraries: libpcre.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such
file or directory
＃解決方法，在/lib中創建一個symbol link到/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0
＃ ln -s ?/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0 ?/lib
四、配置開機自動啟動Nginx + PHP
vi /etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下內容：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
創建Nginx管理腳本(啟動、停止、配置、重啟)
################################################
#!/bin/bash
# v.0.0.3
# create by jackbillow at 2007.10.15
# redevelop by XGuru at 2010.6.28
# On Ubuntu 10.04
# nginx – This shell script takes care of starting and stopping nginx.
#
# description: nginx [engine x] is light http web/proxy server
# that answers incoming ftp service requests.
###############################################
nginx_path=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/” ?#配置nginx安裝路徑
nginx_pid=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”
prog=”nginx”
RETVAL=0
start() {
# Start daemons.
if [ -e $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf ];then
echo -n $”Starting $prog: ”
$nginx_path/sbin/nginx -c $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf &
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && {
echo Start “$prog” successfully!
}
else
RETVAL=1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop daemons.
stop() {
echo -n $”Stopping $prog\n”
sudo killall -9 nginx
RETVAL=$?
}
# See how we were called.
conf(){
vim “$nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf” ? #這里請設置要使用什么方式打開配置文件，我使用的是vim
}
case “$1″ in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
conf)
conf
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $”Usage: $0 {start|stop|conf|restart}”
echo $”Your may need root privilege to execute this script!”
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
六、在不停止Nginx服務的情況下平滑變更Nginx配置
1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，請執行以下命令檢查配置文件是否正確：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果屏幕顯示以下兩行信息，說明配置文件正確：
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
2、這時，輸入以下命令查看Nginx主進程號：
ps -ef | grep “nginx: master process” | grep -v “grep” | awk -F ‘ ‘ ‘{print $2}’
屏幕顯示的即為Nginx主進程號，例如：
6302
這時，執行以下命令即可使修改過的Nginx配置文件生效：
kill -HUP 6302
或者無需這么麻煩，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
七、編寫每天定時切割Nginx日志的腳本
1、創建腳本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
輸入以下內容：
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00
# The Nginx logs path
logs_path=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/”
mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday”
+”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/access_$(date -d “yesterday”
+”%Y%m%d”).log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
2、設置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx訪問日志
crontab -e
輸入以下內容：
00 00 * * * /bin/bash ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
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