mysqlhotcopy使用lock tables、flush tables和cp或scp來快速備份數據庫.它是備份數據庫或單個表最快的途徑,完全屬于物理備份,但只能用于備份MyISAM存儲引擎和運行在數據庫 目錄所在的機器上.與mysqldump備份不同,mysqldump屬于邏輯備份,備份時是執行的sql語句.使用mysqlhotcopy命令前需要 要安裝相應的軟件依賴包.

1.安裝mysqlhotcopy所依賴的軟件包(perl-DBD,DBD-mysql)

[root@tong2 ~]# yum install perl-DBD* -y

[root@tong2 ~]# wget https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/C/CA/CAPTTOFU/DBD-mysql-4.029.tar.gz

[root@tong2 ~]# tar xvf DBD-mysql-4.029.tar.gz

[root@tong2 ~]# cd DBD-mysql-4.029[root@tong2 DBD-mysql-4.029]# perl Makefile.PL

[root@tong2 DBD-mysql-4.029]# make

[root@tong2 DBD-mysql-4.029]# make install

[root@tong2 DBD-mysql-4.029]# echo $?

0

[root@tong2 DBD-mysql-4.029]# cd

[root@tong2 ~]#

2.查看mysqlhotcopy的幫助信息

[root@tong2 ~]# vim /usr/my.cnf? ? --在配置文件中添加如下參數

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

host=localhost

user=root

password=system

port=3306

[root@tong2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart? ? ? --重啟服務

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

[root@tong2 ~]# mysqlhotcopy? --helpWarning: /usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.

/usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy Ver 1.23

Usage: /usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy db_name[./table_regex/] [new_db_name | directory]

-?, --help? ? ? ? ? display this help-screen and exit

-u, --user=#? ? ? ? user for database login if not current user

-p, --password=#? ? password to use when connecting to server (if not set

in my.cnf, which is recommended)

-h, --host=#? ? ? ? hostname for local server when connecting over TCP/IP

-P, --port=#? ? ? ? port to use when connecting to local server with TCP/IP

-S, --socket=#? ? ? socket to use when connecting to local server

--old_server? ? connect to old MySQL-server (before v5.5) which

doesn't have FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK fully implemented.

--allowold? ? ? ? ? don't abort if target dir already exists (rename it _old)? ? --不覆蓋以前備份的文件

--addtodest? ? ? ? ? don't rename target dir if it exists, just add files to it? ? ? --屬于增量備份

--keepold? ? ? ? ? ? don't delete previous (now renamed) target when done

--noindices? ? ? ? ? don't include full index files in copy? ? ? ? ? --不備份索引文件

--method=#? ? ? ? ? method for copy (only "cp" currently supported)

-q, --quiet? ? ? ? ? be silent except for errors

--debug? ? ? ? ? ? ? enable debug? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? --啟用調試輸出

-n, --dryrun? ? ? ? report actions without doing them

--regexp=#? ? ? ? ? copy all databases with names matching regexp? --使用正規表達式

--suffix=#? ? ? ? ? suffix for names of copied databases

--checkpoint=#? ? ? insert checkpoint entry into specified db.table? ? --插入檢查點條目

--flushlog? ? ? ? ? flush logs once all tables are locked? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? --所有表鎖定后刷新日志

--resetmaster? ? ? ? reset the binlog once all tables are locked? ? ? ? --一旦鎖表重置binlog文件

--resetslave? ? ? ? reset the master.info once all tables are locked? --一旦鎖表重置master.info文件

--tmpdir=#? ? ? ? temporary directory (instead of /tmp)

--record_log_pos=#? record slave and master status in specified db.table

--chroot=#? ? ? ? ? base directory of chroot jail in which mysqld operates

Try 'perldoc /usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy' for more complete documentation[root@tong2 ~]#

3.備份一個數據庫到一個目錄中

[root@tong2 ~]# mysqlhotcopy -u root -p system tong /opt/

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /opt/tong/

total 112

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql? ? 15 Jan? 5 14:35 q.isl

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql? 8554 Jan? 4 18:03 t.frm

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 98304 Jan? 4 18:03 t.ibd

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/tong

total 112

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql? ? 15 Jan? 5 14:35 q.isl

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql? 8554 Jan? 4 18:03 t.frm

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 98304 Jan? 4 18:03 t.ibd

[root@tong2 ~]#

4.備份多個數據庫到一個目錄中

[root@tong2 ~]# mysqlhotcopy -u root -p system tong mysql /opt/tong

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /opt/

total 8

drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jan? 5 15:29 mysql

drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jan? 5 15:29 tong

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/{mysql,tong} -d

drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jan? 5 15:29 /var/lib/mysql/mysql

drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jan? 5 15:29 /var/lib/mysql/tong

[root@tong2 ~]#

5.備份數據庫中某一個表

[root@tong2 ~]# mysqlhotcopy -u root -p system mysql./user*/ /opt/

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /opt/mysql/

total 20

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 10684 Jan? 4 16:49 user.frm

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql? 784 Jan? 4 16:49 user.MYD

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql? 2048 Jan? 4 16:49 user.MYI

[root@tong2 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.*

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 10684 Jan? 4 16:49 /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.frm

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql? 784 Jan? 4 16:49 /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql? 2048 Jan? 4 16:49 /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYI

[root@tong2 ~]#

6.恢復數據

[root@tong2 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/tong

[root@tong2 ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.? Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 29

Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014,Oracleand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database? ? ? ? ? |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql? ? ? ? ? ? ? |

| performance_schema |

| test? ? ? ? ? ? ? |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@tong2 ~]#?cp?-arp /opt/tong /var/lib/mysql/? ? ? ? --將備份的數據移到mysql數據根目錄

[root@tong2 ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.? Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 30

Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \u tong

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+----------------+

| Tables_in_tong |

+----------------+

| t? ? ? ? ? ? ? |

+----------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@tong2 ~]#

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的mysql mysqlhotcopy_MySQL备份工具之mysqlhotcopy的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。