Web API 简单示例
一、RESTful和Web API
Representational State Transfer?(REST) is a software architecture style?consisting of guidelines and best practices for creating scalable web services.?REST is a coordinated set of constraints applied to the design of components in a distributed hypermdedia?system that can lead to a more performant and maintainable architecture.? -- wikipedia
ASP.NET Web API is a framework that makes it easy to build HTTP services that reach a broad range of clients, including browsers and mobile devices. ASP.NET Web API is an ideal platform for building RESTful applications on the .NET Framework.
原來RESTful是一種軟件架構風格（REST是一種設計風格，而不是一種標準），而ASP.NET Web API是其在.NET平臺的一種標準/實現。目前在三種主流的Web Services實現方案中，因為REST模式與復雜的SOAP和XML -PRC相比更加簡潔，越來越多的web服務開始采用REST風格設計和實現。
ASP.NET整體框架結構如下圖。可以看出，Web API支持JSON和XML，面向的是多種客戶終端，包括多瀏覽器和各種移動設備。
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二、簡單示例
? 新建ASP.NET Web Application，命名NBAApp
選擇Empty模板，下面選擇Web API，更改Authentication為No Authentication
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新建一個Model - Player?
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web;namespace NBAApp.Models {public class Player{public int Id { get; set; }public int No { get; set; }public string Name { get; set; }public string Position { get; set; }public string Team { get; set; }} }?
新建Controller -?PlayersController，模板選擇Web API 2 Controller - Empty
編輯代碼如下
using NBAApp.Models; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http;namespace NBAApp.Controllers {public class PlayersController : ApiController{Player[] players = new Player[] { new Player { Id = 1, No = 3, Name = "Chris Paul", Position = "Point Guard", Team = "Los Angeles Clippers" },new Player { Id = 2, No = 3, Name = "Dwyane Wade", Position = "Shooting Guard", Team = "Miami Heat" },new Player { Id = 3, No = 23, Name = "LeBron James", Position = "Forward", Team = "Cleveland Cavaliers" },new Player { Id = 4, No = 21, Name = "Tim Duncan", Position = "Power forward", Team = "San Antonio Spurs" },new Player { Id = 5, No = 33, Name = "Marc Gasol", Position = "Center", Team = "Memphis Grizzlies" }};public IEnumerable<Player> GetAllPlayers(){return players;}public IHttpActionResult GetPlayer(int id){var player = players.FirstOrDefault<Player>(p => p.Id == id);if (player == null){return NotFound();}return Ok(player);}} }?
添加Html - Index.html頁面
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編輯代碼如下
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><title>NBA App</title> </head> <body><div><h2>All Players</h2><ul id="players" /></div><div><h2>Search by ID</h2><input type="text" id="prodId" size="5" /><input type="button" value="Search" onclick="find();" /><p id="player" /></div><script src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-2.0.3.min.js"></script><script>var uri = 'api/players';$(document).ready(function () {// Send an AJAX request $.getJSON(uri).done(function (data) {// On success, 'data' contains a list of players. $.each(data, function (key, item) {// Add a list item for the player. $('<li>', { text: formatItem(item) }).appendTo($('#players'));});});});function formatItem(item) {return item.Id + ": " + item.Name + "(" + item.No + ')' + " - " + item.Team + "(" + item.Position + ")";}function find() {var id = $('#prodId').val();$.getJSON(uri + '/' + id).done(function (data) {$('#player').text(formatItem(data));}).fail(function (jqXHR, textStatus, err) {$('#player').text('Error: ' + err);});}</script> </body> </html>?
執行效果如下（Chrome瀏覽器）
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F12調出Developer Tools，點擊紅點Recording Network Log，刷新頁面，結果如下
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點擊進去，并選擇Response標簽，可以清楚地看到傳輸交換的是JSON格式的字符
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代碼下載
NBAApp
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/panchunting/p/WebAPI_Demo.html
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