本文轉自 http://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/archive/2012/12/14/2818421.html

1：首先檢查網絡是否能ping通

2：檢查TNS配置(TNS配置也沒有問題)

GSP =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.20.36.79)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA=

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = gsp)

)

)

3：查看服務器監聽服務是否啟動

[oracle@wgods ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-DEC-2012 15:51:13

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 14-DEC-2012 13:15:28

Uptime 0 days 2 hr. 35 min. 45 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /database/oracle/product/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /database/oracle/product/dbhome/network/log/listener.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wgods)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "gsp" has 2 instance(s).

Instance "gsp", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Instance "gsp", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "gspXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "gsp", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "gsp_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "gsp", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

4：使用tnsping命令檢查，報TNS-12535: TNS: 操作超時，這時我們可以肯定是防火墻的問題了。

C:\Users\kerry>tnsping 172.20.32.79

TNS Ping Utility for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-12月-2012 15:47:15

Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.

已使用的參數文件:

E:\app\kerry\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

已使用 EZCONNECT 適配器來解析別名

嘗試連接 (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.20.32.79)(PORT=1521)))

TNS-12535: TNS: 操作超時

對于防火墻問題，我們可以有兩種解決方案：

1：關閉防火墻(這種方案不怎么好，關閉防火墻，會帶來許多安全隱患)

[root@wgods ~]# service iptables stop

Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

Unloading iptables modules: [ OK ]

2：修改iptables，開放1521端口，允許1521端口被連接

2.1 編輯iptables文件，添加-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT記錄。

[root@wgods sysconfig]# vi iptables

# Generated by iptables-save v1.3.5 on Fri Dec 14 17:03:58 2012

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [1749:243629]

:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]

-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT

-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p ah -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -d 224.0.0.251 -p udp -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 23 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

# Completed on Fri Dec 14 17:03:58 2012

~

~

~

~

~

"iptables" 24L, 1212C written

2.2 重啟iptables服務

[root@wgods sysconfig]# service iptables restart

Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

Unloading iptables modules: [ OK ]

Applying iptables firewall rules: [ OK ]

Loading additional iptables modules: ip_conntrack_netbios_ns ip_conntrack_ftp [ OK ]

2.3 保存新增的規則，以免下次重啟機器后，配置規則失效

[root@wgods sysconfig]# service iptables save

Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables: [ OK ]

2.4 查看1521端口是否開放，允許連接(見紅色部分)

[root@wgods sysconfig]# iptables -L -n

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

RH-Firewall-1-INPUT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

RH-Firewall-1-INPUT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

Chain RH-Firewall-1-INPUT (2 references)

target prot opt source destination

ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 255

ACCEPT esp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

ACCEPT ah -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 224.0.0.251 udp dpt:5353

ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:631

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:631

ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:21

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:25

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:23

ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:1521

REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

[root@wgods sysconfig]#

從客戶端用PL/SQL Developer連接數據庫，問題解決。

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