方式一：使用切片 [:]

列表

# 淺拷貝 [:] old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = old_list[:]old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2]))# 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4537660608 old list[0] id: 4537659840 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4537711424 new list[0] id: 4537659840

方式二：使用工廠函數

工廠函數簡介

• 工廠函數看上去像函數，但實際是一個類
• 調用時，生成該數據類型類型的一個實例

可變對象的工廠函數

• list()
• set()
• dict()

列表

old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = list(old_list)old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2]))

集合

old_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = set(old_set)old_set.add(4)print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set))# 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4484723648 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4484723872

字典

''' 學習中遇到問題沒人解答？小編創建了一個Python學習交流QQ群：725638078 尋找有志同道合的小伙伴，互幫互助,群里還有不錯的視頻學習教程和PDF電子書！ ''' old_dict = {"name": "小明"} new_dict = dict(old_dict)old_dict["second"] = "Python"print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict))# 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小明', 'second': 'Python'} old dict id: 4514161536 new dict: {'name': '小明'} new dict id: 4515690304

方式三：使用數據類型自帶的 copy 方法

列表

old_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = old_list.copy()old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2]))# 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4309832000 old list[0] id: 4310372992 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4309735296 new list[0] id: 4310372992

集合

''' 學習中遇到問題沒人解答？小編創建了一個Python學習交流QQ群：725638078 尋找有志同道合的小伙伴，互幫互助,群里還有不錯的視頻學習教程和PDF電子書！ ''' old_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = old_set.copy()old_set.add(4)print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set))# 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4309931392 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4309930944

字典

old_dict = {"name": "小明"} new_dict = old_dict.copy()old_dict["second"] = "Python"print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict))# 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小明', 'second': 'Python'} old dict id: 4308452288 new dict: {'name': '小明'} new dict id: 4308452224

源碼

def copy(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown""" Return a shallow copy of the list. """pass

已經寫的很清楚，這是淺拷貝

方式四：使用 copy 模塊的 copy 方法

列表

''' 學習中遇到問題沒人解答？小編創建了一個Python學習交流QQ群：725638078 尋找有志同道合的小伙伴，互幫互助,群里還有不錯的視頻學習教程和PDF電子書！ ''' from copy import copyold_list = [1, 2, [3, 4]] new_list = copy(old_list)old_list.append(5) old_list[2][0] += 97print("Old list:", old_list, "old list id:", id(old_list), " old list[0] id:", id(old_list[2])) print("new list:", new_list, "new list id:", id(new_list), " new list[0] id:", id(new_list[2]))# 輸出結果 Old list: [1, 2, [100, 4], 5] old list id: 4381013184 old list[0] id: 4381159936 new list: [1, 2, [100, 4]] new list id: 4381012800 new list[0] id: 4381159936

集合

from copy import copyold_set = {1, 2, 3} new_set = copy(old_set)old_set.add(4)print("Old set:", old_set, "old set id:", id(old_set)) print("new set:", new_set, "new set id:", id(new_set))# 輸出結果 Old set: {1, 2, 3, 4} old set id: 4381115552 new set: {1, 2, 3} new set id: 4381115776

字典

from copy import copyold_dict = {"name": "小明"} new_dict = copy(old_dict)old_dict["second"] = "Python"print("Old dict:", old_dict, "old dict id:", id(old_dict)) print("new dict:", new_dict, "new dict id:", id(new_dict))# 輸出結果 Old dict: {'name': '小明', 'second': 'Python'} old dict id: 4381159680 new dict: {'name': '小明'} new dict id: 4379632576

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