目錄

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基本概念

代碼與實例

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基本概念

個人感覺Qt的對象樹就是運用了這種設計模式！！！

當然，只是個人感覺，本人并沒有研究Qt的源碼

組合模式（Composite）：將對象組合成樹形結構以表示‘部分-整體’的層次結構。組合模式使得用戶對單個對象和組合對象的使用具有一致性。

何時使用：需求中提現部分和整體的層次結構，開發者希望用戶忽略組合對象與單個對象的不同，統一使用組合結構中的所有對象時，就應該考慮組合模式了！

組合模式讓客戶可以一致使用組合結構的單個對象。

UML圖如下（此圖來至于 大話設計模式）：

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代碼與實例

程序運行截圖如下：

代碼如下：

Head.h

#ifndef HEAD_H #define HEAD_H#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <list> using namespace std;//公司類 接口 class Company{public:Company(const string &name);virtual ~Company();//增加-移除-顯示-旅行職責virtual void add(Company *c);virtual void remove(Company *c);virtual void display(int depath);virtual void lineOfDuty();protected:string m_name; };//具體公司類，實現接口 class Concretecompany: public Company{public:Concretecompany(const string &name);~Concretecompany();void add(Company *c);void remove(Company *c);void display(int depath);void lineOfDuty();private:list<Company*> m_children; };//人力資源部結點 class HRDepartment: public Company{public:HRDepartment(const string &name);~HRDepartment();void add(Company *c);void remove(Company *c);void display(int depath);void lineOfDuty(); };//財務部結點 class FinanceDepartment: public Company{public:FinanceDepartment(const string &name);~FinanceDepartment();void add(Company *c);void remove(Company *c);void display(int depath);void lineOfDuty(); };#endif //HEAD_H

Head.cpp

#include "Head.h"Company::Company(const string &name) {this->m_name = name; }Company::~Company() {cout << "Company::~Company()" << endl; }void Company::add(Company *c) {}void Company::remove(Company *c) {}void Company::display(int depath) {}void Company::lineOfDuty() {}Concretecompany::Concretecompany(const string &name) : Company(name) {}Concretecompany::~Concretecompany() {cout << "Concretecompany::~Concretecompany()" << endl;for(list<Company*>::iterator it = m_children.begin(); it != m_children.end(); it++){delete *it;} }void Concretecompany::add(Company *c) {m_children.push_back(c); }void Concretecompany::remove(Company *c) {m_children.remove(c); }void Concretecompany::display(int depath) {for(int i = 0; i < depath; i++){cout << "-";}cout << m_name << endl;for(list<Company*>::iterator it = m_children.begin(); it != m_children.end(); it++){(*it)->display(depath + 2);} }void Concretecompany::lineOfDuty() {for(list<Company*>::iterator it = m_children.begin(); it != m_children.end(); it++){(*it)->lineOfDuty();} }HRDepartment::HRDepartment(const string &name) : Company(name) {}HRDepartment::~HRDepartment() {cout << "HRDepartment::~HRDepartment()" << endl; }void HRDepartment::add(Company *c) {}void HRDepartment::remove(Company *c) {}void HRDepartment::display(int depath) {for(int i = 0; i < depath; i++){cout << "-";}cout << m_name << endl; }void HRDepartment::lineOfDuty() {cout << m_name << "員工招聘培訓管理" << endl; }FinanceDepartment::FinanceDepartment(const string &name) : Company(name) {}FinanceDepartment::~FinanceDepartment() {cout << "FinanceDepartment::~FinanceDepartment()" << endl; }void FinanceDepartment::add(Company *c) {}void FinanceDepartment::remove(Company *c) {}void FinanceDepartment::display(int depath) {for(int i = 0; i < depath; i++){cout << "-";}cout << m_name << endl; }void FinanceDepartment::lineOfDuty() {cout << m_name << "公司財務收支管理" << endl; }

main.cpp

#include "Head.h"int main(int *argc, int *argv[]){Concretecompany *root = new Concretecompany("北京總公司");root->add(new HRDepartment("總公司人力資源部"));root->add(new FinanceDepartment("總公司財務部"));Concretecompany *comp = new Concretecompany("上海華東分公司");comp->add(new HRDepartment("華東分公司人力資源部"));comp->add(new FinanceDepartment("華東分公司財務部"));root->add(comp);Concretecompany *com1 = new Concretecompany("南京辦事處");com1->add(new HRDepartment("南京辦事處人力資源部"));com1->add(new FinanceDepartment("南京辦事處財務部"));comp->add(com1);Concretecompany *com2 = new Concretecompany("杭州辦事處");com2->add(new HRDepartment("杭州辦事處人力資源部"));com2->add(new FinanceDepartment("杭州辦事處財務部"));comp->add(com2);cout << "結構圖：" << endl;root->display(1);cout << endl << "職責：" << endl;root->lineOfDuty();cout << endl << "析構了：" << endl;delete root;getchar();return 0; }

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