mysql主从代替技术_mysql主从复制及失败切换
軟件環(huán)境：
mysql軟件包：mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
cmake軟件包：cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz @ ?wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz
系統(tǒng)版本：
[root@db src]# uname -aLinux db.jrzj.com?2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64?#1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[root@backup yum.repos.d]# uname -aLinux backup.jrzj.com?2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64?#1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
開始安裝：
==============
1:安裝cmake：
[root@db cmake-2.8.12.2]# yum install gcc[root@db cmake-2.8.12.2]# yum install gcc-C++[root@db cmake-2.8.12.2]# yum install make[root@db cmake-2.8.12.2]# ./configure[root@db cmake-2.8.12.2]# make && make install
2:安裝mysql
為mysql創(chuàng)建用戶
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# useradd mysql
創(chuàng)建mysql數(shù)據(jù)文件存放目錄
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# mkdir /data/
開始安裝mysql
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=GBK?-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=gbk_chinese_ci
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# make && make install
error for cmake
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. ?Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:128 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:202 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_EDITLINE)
CMakeLists.txt:411 (MYSQL_CHECK_EDITLINE)
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# yum install ncurses-devel
[root@db mysql-5.6.17]# rm CMakeCache.txt
rm：是否刪除普通文件 "CMakeCache.txt"？y
初始化mysql
[root@db?/]# ?chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql[root@db?/]# ?chown -R mysql.mysql /data/[root@db?/]# ?cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts[root@db?scripts]# ?./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/ --collation-server=gbk_chinese_ci
[root@db scripts]# cd ../support-files/
[root@db support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@db support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@db support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@db support-files]# echo 'PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/' >> /etc/profile
[root@db support-files]# source /etc/profile
[root@db support-files]# mysql_secure_installation
[root@db support-files]# service ?mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@db support-files]# mysqladmin -u root password 1234qwer
[root@db support-files]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql ?Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.17, for Linux (x86_64) using ?EditLine wrapper
Connection id:7
Current database:
Current user:root@localhost
SSL:Not in use
Current pager:stdout
Using outfile:''
Using delimiter:;
Server version:5.6.17 Source distribution
Protocol version:10
Connection:Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:gbk
Db ? ? characterset:gbk
Client characterset:gbk
Conn. ?characterset:gbk
UNIX socket:/tmp/mysqld.sock
Uptime:4 min 33 sec
Threads: 1 ?Questions: 19 ?Slow queries: 0 ?Opens: 67 ?Flush tables: 1 ?Open tables: 60 ?Queries per second avg: 0.069
--------------
============
單節(jié)點mysql安裝完成
============
重復以上操作安裝mysql_backup
=============
設(shè)置root用戶可遠程登錄
grant all privileges ?on?*.*?to root@'%'?identified by?"root";mysql?-h?192.168.0.176-u root?-p
============
設(shè)置主從：
主DB：
[root@db etc]# mysql -u root -pEnter password:mysql>??create user jrzj IDENTIFIED BY?'123456';Query OK,?0?rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>?GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON?*.*?to?'jrzj'@'192.168.0.176'?identified by?'1234qwer';Query OK,?0?rows affected (0.00 sec)[root@db etc]# vim /etc/my.cnfserver_id=177log-bin=jrzj-bin?[root@db etc]# service mysqld restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
查看日志偏移量：
mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: jrzj-bin.000002
Position: 120
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
導出數(shù)據(jù)庫：
[root@db tmp]# mysqldump ?-p3306 -uroot -p ?-S /tmp/mysqld.sock ?--all-databases > /tmp/mysql.sql
從DB配置
[root@db etc]# vim /etc/my.cnfserver_id=176
[root@backup tmp]# mysql -uroot -p < /tmp/mysql.sqlmysql>change master to->master_host='192.168.0.177',->master_user='jrzj',->master_password='1234qwer',->master_port=3306,->master_log_file='jrzj-bin.000002',->master_log_pos=120;mysql>show slave status\G;***************************1. row***************************Slave_IO_State:Waitingformaster to send eventMaster_Host:192.168.0.177Master_User:jrzjMaster_Port:3306Connect_Retry:60Master_Log_File:jrzj-bin.000002Read_Master_Log_Pos:120Relay_Log_File:backup-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos:282Relay_Master_Log_File:jrzj-bin.000002Slave_IO_Running:YesSlave_SQL_Running:YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno:0Last_Error:Skip_Counter:0Exec_Master_Log_Pos:120Relay_Log_Space:456Until_Condition:NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos:0Master_SSL_Allowed:NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master:0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert:NoLast_IO_Errno:0Last_IO_Error:Last_SQL_Errno:0Last_SQL_Error:Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:Master_Server_Id:177Master_UUID:e0fe5f94-c633-11e3-8f4e-0050568ea576Master_Info_File:/data/master.infoSQL_Delay:0SQL_Remaining_Delay:NULLSlave_SQL_Running_State:Slave hasreadall relay log; waitingforthe slave I/O thread to update itMaster_Retry_Count:86400Master_Bind:Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:Master_SSL_Crl:Master_SSL_Crlpath:Retrieved_Gtid_Set:Executed_Gtid_Set:Auto_Position:0
=============
主從配置完成
==========
將mysql配置為互為主從，開啟slave的bin log 并授權(quán)訪問
=========
高可用配置
=========
0.176/0.177
[root@db tmp]# yum install ipvsadm keepalived[root@db tmp]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@db tmp]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
yangjob2013@126.com
}
notification_email_from yangjob2013@126.com
smtp_server smtp.126.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id HA
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
preempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.16
}
}
[root@db tmp]# cat /tmp/check_mysql.sh
MYSQL="/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql"
MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1
MYSQL_USER=root
MYSQL_PASSWORD=1234qwer
LOG_FILE="/tmp/log/check_mysql.log"
MYSQL_OK=1 # mysql is working MYSQL_OK is 1 , mysql down MYSQL_OK is 0
check_mysql_helth()
{
$MYSQL -h$MYSQL_HOST -u$MYSQL_USER -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD} -e "show status" &>/dev/null
if [ $? = 0 ] ; then
MYSQL_OK=1
else
MYSQL_OK=0
fi
return $MYSQL_OK
}
check_keepalived()
{
ps -ef | grep keepalived | grep -v grep > /dev/null
if [ $? = 0 ];then
keepalived_OK=1
else
keepalived_OK=0
fi
return $keepalived_OK
}
while :
do
CHECK_TIME=3
while [ $CHECK_TIME -ne 0 ]
do
let "CHECK_TIME -= 1"
check_mysql_helth
if [ $MYSQL_OK == 1 ];then
check_keepalived
if [ $keepalived_OK == 1 ];then
break
else
service keepalived start >>$LOG_FILE
break
fi
elif [ $MYSQL_OK -eq 0 ] && [ $CHECK_TIME -eq 0 ];then
service keepalived stop >> $LOG_FILE
echo `date --date=today +"%Y-%M-%d %H:%m:%S"` - [INFO] - mysql invaild. keepalived stop. >> $LOG_FILE
fi
done
done
[root@db tmp]#service mysqld start
[root@db tmp]#service keepalibed start
[root@db tmp]# nohup ./check_mysql.sh &
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