#首先我們還是先增加幾個文檔

PUT /myindex/article/1 {"post_date": "2020-03-14","title": "Java","content": "java is the best language","author_id": 119 }PUT /myindex/article/2 {"post_date": "2020-03-14" ,"title": "html","content": "I like html","author_id": 120 } PUT /myindex/article/3 {"post_date": "2020-03-14" ,"title": "es","content": "Es is distributed document store" ,"author_id": 110 }

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#查看es的文檔映射mapping的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu) GET /myindex/article/_mapping

mapping數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：?

{"myindex" : {"mappings" : {"article" : {"properties" : {"author_ id" : {"type" : "long"},"content" : {"type" : "text","fields" : {"keyword" : {"type" : "keyword","ignore_above" : 256}}},"post_ _date" : {"type" : "date"},"post_ date" : {"type" : "text","fields" : {"keyword" : {"type" : "keyword","ignore_above" : 256}}},"title" : {"type" : "text","fields" : {"keyword" : {"type" : "keyword","ignore_above" : 256}}}}}}} }

這里我們并沒有為索引文檔的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)做定義，但是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)es自動創(chuàng)建了?index?type?以及type對應(yīng)的mapping(dynamic mapping)?說明ElasticSearch能根據(jù)我們給的數(shù)據(jù)自動檢測并且給定字段的數(shù)據(jù)類型

如果給定的? true? 、false------>boolean

如果給定的字符串 "字符串"------>string（注意我這里用的是6.8.6版本?string已經(jīng)被text或者keyword代替）

如果給定的數(shù)字? ?1、2------>long

如果給定的小數(shù)? 12.34------>double

如果給定的時間? ?2020-03-14------->date

什么是映射mapping？

mapping定義了type中的每個字段的數(shù)據(jù)類型以及這些字段的如何分詞的等相關(guān)屬性

我們現(xiàn)在帶查詢一下添加的文檔內(nèi)容 GET /myindex/article/_search

{"took" : 29,"timed_out" : false,"_shards" : {"total" : 5,"successful" : 5,"skipped" : 0,"failed" : 0},"hits" : {"total" : 3,"max_score" : 1.0,"hits" : [{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "2","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_ date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "html","content" : "I like html","author_ id" : 120}},{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "1","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_ date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "Java","content" : "java is the best language","author_ id" : 119}},{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "3","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_ _date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "es","content" : "Es is distributed document store","author_ id" : 110}}]} }

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帶條件的查詢

#查不出來
GET /myindex/article/_search?q=post_date:2020

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#可以查出來
GET /myindex/article/_search?q=post_date:2020-03-14

{"took" : 4,"timed_out" : false,"_shards" : {"total" : 5,"successful" : 5,"skipped" : 0,"failed" : 0},"hits" : {"total" : 3,"max_score" : 1.0,"hits" : [{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "2","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "html","content" : "I like html","author_id" : 120}},{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "1","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "Java","content" : "java is the best language","author_id" : 119}},{"_index" : "myindex","_type" : "article","_id" : "3","_score" : 1.0,"_source" : {"post_date" : "2020-03-14","title" : "es","content" : "Es is distributed document store","author_id" : 110}}]} }

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#可以查出來
GET /myindex/article/_search?q=content:html

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注意？

這是因?yàn)镋lasticSearch映射mapping進(jìn)行指定的，post_date是日期類型，而content是字符串類型所以字符串就查詢出來了。像日期date類型和數(shù)字long類型要進(jìn)行精確查詢才可以查詢，而說明日期和數(shù)字類型沒有進(jìn)行分詞，而字符串進(jìn)行了分詞。字符串text類型默認(rèn)進(jìn)行了分詞的

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到這里我們知道了mapping有兩個作用，一是規(guī)定自定的類型，二是規(guī)定相關(guān)字段的屬性（比如是不是進(jìn)行分詞）

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