什么是虛擬環境？ (What is Virtual Environment?)

Virtual environments are very useful when the application requires a separate environment, each using its version of python and libraries for execution. Similar to virtual environment, there are packaging tools like "Anaconda" and "Miniconda".

當應用程序需要單獨的環境時， 虛擬環境非常有用，每個環境都使用其python版本和庫來執行。 與虛擬環境類似，有打包工具，例如“ Anaconda”和“ Miniconda” 。

The virtual environment is the easiest and recommended way to configure a custom python environment.

虛擬環境是配置自定義python環境的最簡單且推薦的方法。

為什么我們需要一個虛擬環境？ (Why do we need a virtual environment?)

The virtual environment is a clever way to keep the python setup isolated with other projects. As a user, one can have multiple virtual environments in a single machine and each virtual environment can have different libraries as per the requirements. We can also package a virtual environment like a zip file with all dependencies needed for the application and deploy it on serverless service like AWS lambda.

虛擬環境是一種使python安裝程序與其他項目隔離的聰明方法。 作為用戶，可以在一臺計算機上擁有多個虛擬環境，并且每個虛擬環境可以根據要求具有不同的庫。 我們還可以將虛擬環境(如zip文件)打包為應用程序所需的所有依賴項，并將其部署在AWS lambda等無服務器服務上。

如何使用Python3創建虛擬環境？ (How to create a virtual environment using Python3?)

Step1: Install Virtual Environment

步驟1：安裝虛擬環境

pip3 install virtualenv Collecting virtualenvDownloading virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.8MB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.8MB 367kB/s Installing collected packages: virtualenv Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0

Step2: Using python3, the command to create the virtual environment and the syntax is 'python3 –m venv /path/to/create/the/virtual/env'.

步驟2：使用python3創建虛擬環境的命令和語法為'python3 –m venv / path / to / create / the / virtual / env' 。

-bash-4.2$ python3 -m venv test_venv -bash-4.2$ ls test_venv -bash-4.2$

Step3: Activate virtual environment

第三步：激活虛擬環境

-bash-4.2$ source test_venv/bin/activate (test_venv) -bash-4.2$

Step4: Install the required libraries, using pip (for the example below, we have used 'flask' library)

第4步：使用pip安裝所需的庫(對于以下示例，我們使用了“ flask”庫)

(test_venv) -bash-4.2$ pip3 install flask Collecting flaskDownloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9b/93/628509b8d5dc749656a9641f4caf13540e2cdec85276964ff8f43bbb1d3b/Flask-1.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (94kB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 3.8MB/s Collecting Jinja2>=2.10.1 (from flask)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/e7/fd8b501e7a6dfe492a433deb7b9d833d39ca74916fa8bc63dd1a4947a671/Jinja2-2.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting click>=5.1 (from flask)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/37/45185cb5abbc30d7257104c434fe0b07e5a195a6847506c074527aa599ec/Click-7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting itsdangerous>=0.24 (from flask)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/ae/44b03b253d6fade317f32c24d100b3b35c2239807046a4c953c7b89fa49e/itsdangerous-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting Werkzeug>=0.15 (from flask)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ce/42/3aeda98f96e85fd26180534d36570e4d18108d62ae36f87694b476b83d6f/Werkzeug-0.16.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23 (from Jinja2>=2.10.1->flask)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b2/5f/23e0023be6bb885d00ffbefad2942bc51a620328ee910f64abe5a8d18dd1/MarkupSafe-1.1.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl Installing collected packages: MarkupSafe, Jinja2, click, itsdangerous, Werkzeug, flask Successfully installed Jinja2-2.10.1 MarkupSafe-1.1.1 Werkzeug-0.16.0 click-7.0 flask-1.1.1 itsdangerous-1.1.0(test_venv) -bash-4.2$

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/python/virtual-environment-for-python-based-application.aspx

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