r語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)介

R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics that is supported by the R Foundation for Statistical Computing. It is a GNU project which is similar to the S language and environment developed at Bell Laboratories by John Chambers. The S code can run unaltered in R but R is a different implementation of S.

R是R統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算基金會(huì)支持的用于統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算和圖形的語(yǔ)言和環(huán)境。 這是一個(gè)GNU項(xiàng)目，類似于John Chambers在貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室開發(fā)的S語(yǔ)言和環(huán)境。 S代碼可以在R中不變地運(yùn)行，但是R是S的不同實(shí)現(xiàn)。

R has provided a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques. It is also highly extensible. R provides an Open Source route to participation for research in statistical methodology. Statisticians and data miners widely use the R language for developing statistical software.

R提供了各種各樣的統(tǒng)計(jì)和圖形技術(shù)。 它也是高度可擴(kuò)展的。 R為統(tǒng)計(jì)方法研究的參與提供了一種開放源碼的途徑。 統(tǒng)計(jì)人員和數(shù)據(jù)挖掘者廣泛使用R語(yǔ)言來(lái)開發(fā)統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。

R's strengths are the ease with which it can produce well-designed publication-quality plots, including mathematical symbols and formulae.

R的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于可以輕松制作出精心設(shè)計(jì)的具有出版質(zhì)量的圖表，包括數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)和公式。

R is available as a free software under the terms of the Free Software Foundation’s GNU. It compiles and runs on a wide variety of UNIX and Linux platforms, Windows and MacOS.

根據(jù)自由軟件基金會(huì)GNU的條款， R可作為自由軟件獲得。 它可以編譯并在各種UNIX和Linux平臺(tái)，Windows和MacOS上運(yùn)行。

R環(huán)境 (The R environment)

R is a great tool for software facilities for data manipulation, calculation, and graphical display. It includes:

R是軟件設(shè)施中用于數(shù)據(jù)處理，計(jì)算和圖形顯示的出色工具。 這包括：

Effective data handling and storage facility,

有效的數(shù)據(jù)處理和存儲(chǔ)設(shè)施，

A similar set of operators for calculations on arrays and matrices,

一組類似的運(yùn)算符，用于計(jì)算數(shù)組和矩陣，

A large and integrated collection of intermediate tools for data analysis,

大量集成的中間工具，用于數(shù)據(jù)分析，

Graphical facilities for data analysis and display both on screen and paper, and

用于數(shù)據(jù)分析和在屏幕和紙上顯示的圖形功能，以及

A simple effective and well-developed programming language that includes conditionals, loops, user defined recursive functions and input and output facilities.

一種簡(jiǎn)單有效且經(jīng)過(guò)良好開發(fā)的編程語(yǔ)言，包括條件，循環(huán)，用戶定義的遞歸函數(shù)以及輸入和輸出功能。

The term "environment" is used to characterize the language as a fully planned and a system that works together. R is designed around a true computer language, that allows users to add additional functionality by defining new functions. Much of the system is written in the R is similar to the version of S, which makes it easy for users to follow the algorithms. For intensive computational tasks, C, C++ and Fortran code can be linked to the program and called at runtime. Users can also write C code to manipulate R objects directly.

術(shù)語(yǔ)“環(huán)境”用于將語(yǔ)言描述為經(jīng)過(guò)全面計(jì)劃和協(xié)同工作的系統(tǒng)。 R是圍繞一種真正的計(jì)算機(jī)語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)的，它允許用戶通過(guò)定義新功能來(lái)添加其他功能。 用R編寫的大部分系統(tǒng)都類似于S的版本，這使用戶可以輕松地遵循算法。 對(duì)于密集的計(jì)算任務(wù)，可以將C，C ++和Fortran代碼鏈接到程序并在運(yùn)行時(shí)調(diào)用。 用戶還可以編寫C代碼直接操作R對(duì)象。

Many users think of R as a statistics system but it is more of an environment within which statistical techniques are implemented. R has very simple and easy packages. There are about eight packages that come already installed with the R distribution and many more are available through the CRAN mirror of Internet sites covering a very wide range of modern statistics. Also, user defined packages can be created and distributed for public use which also eases the task that can be performed by R.

許多用戶將R視為統(tǒng)計(jì)系統(tǒng)，但它更多地是其中實(shí)施統(tǒng)計(jì)技術(shù)的環(huán)境。 R有非常簡(jiǎn)單的軟件包。 R發(fā)行版中已經(jīng)安裝了大約八個(gè)軟件包，并且Internet站點(diǎn)的CRAN鏡像還提供了更多軟件包，這些軟件包涵蓋了非常廣泛的現(xiàn)代統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。 同樣，可以創(chuàng)建和分發(fā)用戶定義的包以供公共使用，這也簡(jiǎn)化了R可以執(zhí)行的任務(wù)。

R has its own documentation format, which is used to supply comprehensive documentation.

R有其自己的文檔格式，該文檔格式用于提供全面的文檔。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/r/introduction-to-r-language.aspx

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