android的啟動腳本(init.rc)文件的語法，參考資料：

Android 初始化語言(Android Init Language)

Android初始化腳本語言包含四種類型的語句：

動作(Actions)

指令(Commands)

服務(Services)

選項(Options)

該語言的語法包括下列約定：

所有類型的語句都是基于行(line-oriented)的，

一個語句包含若干個tokens，token之間通過空格字符分隔.

如果一個token中需要包含空格字符，則需要通過C語言風格的反斜線('\')來轉(zhuǎn)義，或者使用雙引號把整個token引起來。反斜線還可以出現(xiàn)在一行

的末尾，表示下一行的內(nèi)容仍然屬于當前語句。

以'#'開始的行是注釋行。

動作(Actions)和服務(Services)語句隱含表示一個新的段落

(section)的開始。

所有的指令(commands)和選項(options)歸屬于上方最近的一個段落。在第一個段落之前的指令(commands)和選項

(options)是無效的。

動作(Actions)和服務(Services)擁有唯一性的名字。如果出現(xiàn)重

名，那么后出現(xiàn)的定義將被作為錯誤忽略掉。動作

(Actions)

動作(Actions)是一個有名字的指令(commands)序列。每個動作

(Actions)都定義一個觸發(fā)條件(trigger)，用于指示什么時候執(zhí)行這個動作。當與動作的觸發(fā)器匹配的事件發(fā)生時，該動作將被添加到一個即將

被執(zhí)行的隊列的隊尾(除非它已經(jīng)在隊列中)。

隊列中的每一個動作被依次取出執(zhí)行，動作中的每一個指令也將依次執(zhí)行。初始化程序

(Init)在執(zhí)行一個動作的各項指令的期間，還需要處理其它操作(比如，設備創(chuàng)建/銷毀，屬性設置，進程重啟)。

一個動作定義的形式如下：on

服務(Services)服務是初始化程序需要啟動的一些程序，初始化程序還有可能會在這些程序退出之后重啟它們。

Services take 一個服務定義的形式如下：service [ ]*

...

選項(Options)

選項將影響控制初始化程序運行服務的時機和方法。可能的選項如下表。

選項

說明

disabled

This service will not automatically

start with its class. It must be explicitly started by name.

socket[ [ ]

]

Create a unix domain socket named /dev/socket/

and pass its fd to the launched process. Valid

values include dgram and stream. user

and group default to 0.

user

Change to username before exec'ing

this service. Currently defaults to root.

group [

]*

Change to groupname before exec'ing

this service. ?Additional? groupnames beyond the first, which is

required, are used to set additional groups of the process (with setgroups()).

Currently defaults to root.

capability [ ]+

Set linux capability before exec'ing

this service

oneshot

Do not restart the service when it

exits.

class

Specify a class name for the service.

All services in a named class must start and stop together. A service

is considered of class "default" if one is not specified via the class

option.

觸發(fā)器(Triggers)

觸發(fā)器是一個字符串，用于匹配特定的事件，這些事件將觸發(fā)觸發(fā)器所屬動作

(Actions)的執(zhí)行。

觸發(fā)器

說明

boot

This is the first trigger that occurs

when init starts (after /init.conf is loaded).

=

Triggers of this form occur when the

property is set to the specific value .

device-added-device-removed-

Triggers of these forms occur when a

device node is added or removed.

service-exited-

Triggers of this form occur when the

specified service exits.

指令(Commands)

Command

Description

exec [

]*

Fork and execute a program ().

This will block until the program completes execution. Try to avoid

exec. Unlike the builtin commands, it runs the risk of

getting init "stuck".

export

Set the environment variable

equal to in the global environment (which

will be inherited by all processes started after this command is

executed).

ifup

Bring the network interface

online.

import

Parse an init config file, extending

the current configuration.

hostname

Set the host name.

class_start

Start all services of the specified

class if they are not already running.

class_stop

Stop all services of the specified

class if they are currently running.

domainname

Set the domain name.

insmod

Install the module at .

mkdir

Make a directory at .

mount [ ]*

Attempt to mount the named device at

the directory . This

may be of the form mtd@name to specify a mtd block device by name.

setkey

- currenlty undefined -

setprop

Set system property

to .

setrlimit

Set the rlimit for a resource.

start

Start a service running if it is not

already running.

stop

Stop a service from running if it is

currently running.

symlink

Create a symbolic link at

with the value .

write [ ]*

Open the file at

and write one or more strings to it with write(2).

屬性(Properties)初始化程序(Init)可以根據(jù)需要修改一些系統(tǒng)的屬性。

屬性

說明

init.action

Equal to the name of the action

currently being executed or "" if none.

init.command

Equal to the command being executed or

"" if none.

init.svc.

State of a named service ("stopped",

"running", or "restarting").

init.rc文件示例on boot

export PATH /sbin:/system/sbin:/system/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH /system/lib

mkdir /dev

mkdir /proc

mkdir /sys

mount tmpfs tmpfs /dev

mkdir /dev/pts

mkdir /dev/socket

mount devpts devpts /dev/pts

mount proc proc /proc

mount sysfs sysfs /sys

write /proc/cpu/alignment 4

ifup lo

hostname localhost

domainname localhost

mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system

mount yaffs2 mtd@userdata /data

import /system/etc/init.conf

class_start default

service adbd /sbin/adbd

user adb

group adb

service usbd /system/bin/usbd -r

user usbd

group usbd

socket usbd 666

service zygote /system/bin/app_process -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote

socket zygote 666

service runtime /system/bin/runtime

user system

group system

on device-added-/dev/compass

start akmd

on device-removed-/dev/compass

stop akmd

service akmd /sbin/akmd

disabled

user akmd

group akmd

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