????IP地址：

????????00000000.?00000000.?00000000.?0000000011111111.?11111111.?11111111.?111111110.0.0.0???-??255.255.255.255

????A類：??????前八位第一位為0的IP地址，為A類：

????????00000001.0.0.001111111.255.255.255?????????子網(wǎng)掩碼：?????255.0.0.011111111.00000000.00000000.00000000????????10.0.0.1255.255.255.0?????????1.0.0.0??????????????126.255.255.255?????????A類：??????網(wǎng)段數(shù)：??27??只有126個網(wǎng)段主機數(shù)：??224–2=16777216-2=?166777214?127.0.0.1?????????B類：前八位用10開頭的，為B類：10000000.0.0.010111111.255.25.255?????????128.0.0.0191.255.255.255子網(wǎng)掩碼：255.255.0.0?????????B類：網(wǎng)段數(shù)：?214??16384個網(wǎng)段主機數(shù)：??216–2?=65536-2?=?65534????????C類：前八位用110開頭，為C類11000000.0.0.011011111.255.255.255192.0.0.0223.255.255.255192.168.216.250255.0.0.0子網(wǎng)掩碼：255.255.255.0?????????C類：網(wǎng)段數(shù)：221主機數(shù)：28?-2?=?256-2?=254????????D類：前八位用1110開頭，為D類11100000.0.0.011101111.255.255.255224.0.0.0239.255.255.255????????E類：前八位用1111開頭，為E類11110000.0.0.011111111.255.255.255240.0.0.0255.255.255.255????????私有IP地址：A：10.0.0.0-?10.255.255.255255.0.0.0B：172.16.0.0?-172.31.255.255255.255.0.0C：192.168.0.0?-?192.168.255.255255.255.255.0

????總結(jié)：

???????????????? 1、可用IP地址分為A、B、C三類

???????????????? 2、每個類別的IP地址中，都有一部分私有IP地址

???????????????? 3、子網(wǎng)掩碼必須和IP地址成對出現(xiàn)

???????????????? 4、每個網(wǎng)段都有默認子網(wǎng)掩碼，用來區(qū)分網(wǎng)絡位和主機位

???? 子網(wǎng)掩碼劃分：

?????????如果子網(wǎng)掩碼是1，那么和他對應的IP地址代表網(wǎng)絡位

?????????如果子網(wǎng)掩碼是0，那么和他對應的IP地址代表主機位

?????????子網(wǎng)掩碼只要是連續(xù)的1，就可用

???????192.168.1.100??11000000.10101000.00000001.01100100?????/26255.255.255.128??11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000子網(wǎng)劃分：21網(wǎng)段數(shù)?2主機數(shù)：27??=128此IP的網(wǎng)絡地址：192.168.1.0此IP的廣播地址：192.168.1.127192.168.1.100?11000000.10101000.00000001.01100100255.255.255.192??11111111.11111111.11111111.1100000011000000.10101000.00000001.01000000?????192.168.1.6411000000.10101000.00000001.01111111?????192.168.1.127網(wǎng)段數(shù)：2?2次方=??4主機數(shù)：26-2?=?64-2?=?62網(wǎng)絡地址：192.168.1.64廣播地址：192.168.1.1271???????1??????11???????0??????00???????1??????00???????0??????0????子網(wǎng)掩碼計算公式：網(wǎng)絡地址：?????把IP地址和子網(wǎng)掩碼的二進制相與，得到的就是網(wǎng)絡地址廣播地址：?????子網(wǎng)掩碼中有幾個0，就把IP地址的對應位數(shù)換成1，得到的就是廣播地址網(wǎng)段數(shù)：?????????在有效子網(wǎng)中，有n個1，網(wǎng)段數(shù)是2的n次方主機數(shù)：?????????在有效子網(wǎng)中，有m個0，主機數(shù)就是2的m次方減2????192.168.1.213??11000000.10101000.00000001.11010101255.255.255.240?11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000網(wǎng)絡地址：11000000.10101000.00000001.11010000??192.168.1.208廣播地址：11000000.10101000.00000001.11011111???192.168.1.223網(wǎng)段數(shù)：??2*4???=??16主機數(shù)：??2*4?-2??=??14192.168.1.139???11000000.10101000.00000001.10001011255.255.255.248??11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000網(wǎng)絡地址：11000000.10101000.00000001.10001000??192.168.1.136廣播地址：11000000.10101000.00000001.10001111??192.168.1.143網(wǎng)段數(shù)：2*5??=?????32主機數(shù)：2*3-2=6192.168.1.179??????????????????255.255.255.252?11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100網(wǎng)絡地址：192.168.1.176廣播地址：192.168.1.179網(wǎng)段數(shù)：2*6?=?64主機數(shù)：2*2?-?2?=?2192.168.1.97?11000000.10101000.00000001.01100001255.255.254.0?11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000.網(wǎng)絡地址：11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000??192.168.0.0廣播地址：?11000000.10101000.00000001.11111111??192.168.1.255網(wǎng)段數(shù)：2*7主機數(shù)：2*9-2172.16.0.0??11111110.00010000.00000000.00000000255.255.254.0??11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000網(wǎng)絡地址位：11111110.00010000.00000000.00000000??172.16.0.0廣播位：?11111110.00010000.00000001.11111111??127.16.1.255網(wǎng)絡位：?215主機位：?29-261.1.1.1 255.255.255.240 子網(wǎng)掩碼表格： 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000? 二進制??????????????十進制??????????網(wǎng)段數(shù)??????????????主機數(shù) 00000000?????????255.255.255.0???????1???????????????????254 10000000?????????255.255.255.128?????2???????????????????126 11000000?????????255.255.255.192?????4????????????????????62 11100000?????????255.255.255.224?????8????????????????????30 11110000?????????255.255.255.240?????16???????????????????14 11111000?????????255.255.255.248?????32???????????????????6 11111100?????????255.255.255.252?????64???????????????????210.168.211.49??00001010.10101000.11010011.00110001 255.240.0.0????11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000網(wǎng)絡地址位：00001010.10100000.00000000.00000000??10.160.0.0廣播位：00001010.10101111.11111111.11111111?????10.175.255.255網(wǎng)絡位：212主機位：220-2172.16.199.217??10100010.00010000.11000111.11011001 255.255.224.0???11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000網(wǎng)絡地址位：10100010.00010000.11000000.00000000??172.16.192.0廣播地址位：10100010.00010000.11011111.11111111??172.16.223.255網(wǎng)絡位：23主機位：213-2 172.16.205.168??10100010.00010000.11001101.10101000. 255.255.255.240?11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000網(wǎng)絡地址位：10100010.00010000.11001101.10100000127.16.205.160廣播地址位：10100010.00010000.11001101.10101111127.16.205.175網(wǎng)絡位：24主機位：24-2 192.168.1.167??11000000.10101000.00000001.10100111 255.255.248.0??11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000網(wǎng)絡位地址：11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000??192.168.0.0廣播位：11000000.10101000.00000111.11111111??192.168.7.255網(wǎng)絡位：25主機位：211-2

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/9827789/1636268

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