為什么80%的碼農都做不了架構師？>>> ??

MySQL Fabric 是一個用于管理 MySQL 服務器群的可擴展框架。該框架實現了兩個特性 — 高可用性 (HA) 以及使用數據分片的橫向擴展。這兩個特性既可以單獨使用，也可以結合使用。本文只測試高可用性。

測試環境

centos 6.5

192.168.17.177 ? mysql數據庫

192.168.17.178 ? Fabric服務器和mysql數據庫

192.168.17.179 mysql數據庫

192.168.17.180 ? mysql數據庫

防火墻

重啟后永久性生效：

開啟：chkconfig iptables on

關閉：chkconfig iptables off

即時生效，重啟后失效：

開啟：service iptables start

關閉：service iptables stop ?

?

1、安裝mysql,4臺服務器安裝相同版本mysql和相同配置

先刪除centos6.5自帶mysql

rpm?-qa?|?grep?mysql rpm?-e?--nodeps?mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

下載mysql，http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

MySQL-client-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-devel-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-server-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-shared-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

安裝mysql

yum?localinstall?–-nogpgcheck??*.rpm

配置mysql

more?/root/.mysql_secret??//查看默認自帶密碼 service?mysql?start???????//啟動mysql /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation?//初始化mysql

?fabric是基于GTID主從復制，所以這些實例中必須要啟用GTID，在mysql的配置文件要加上下邊參數：?

編輯mysql配置文件

vim?/usr/my.cnf

在文件中加上

gtid_mode=ON log-bin log-slave-updates enforce-gtid-consistency server_id=1?//各個服務器的值不同

創建mysql管理員帳號，fabric需要使用mysql管理員級別帳號來管理數據庫，4臺mysql服務器創建相同的帳號

GRANT?ALL?PRIVILEGES?ON?*.*?TO?'fabric'@'%'?IDENTIFIED?BY?'secret'?WITH?GRANT?OPTION; FLUSH?PRIVILEGES;

2、在192.168.17.178服務器安裝mysql fabric

Fabric已經被打包到了MySQL Utilities中，下載MySQL Utilities就可以了，另外fabric操作mysql需要使用python連接器，需要同時下載mysql-utilities-1.5.6-1.el6.noarch.rpm（http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/utilities/）、

mysql-connector-python-2.1.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm（http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/）安裝。

安裝fabric

yum?localinstall?–-nogpgcheck??*.rpm

vim /etc/mysql/fabric.cfg // 修改fabric配置

[DEFAULT] prefix?=? sysconfdir?=?/etc logdir?=?/var/log [statistics] prune_time?=?3600 [logging] url?=?file:///var/log/fabric.log level?=?INFO [storage] auth_plugin?=?mysql_native_password database?=?fabric user?=?fabric???????????????????//與上邊創建的帳號一致 address?=?192.168.17.178:3306???//?fabric?Backing?Store用的mysql connection_delay?=?1 connection_timeout?=?6 password?=?secret??????????????//與上邊創建的帳號一致 connection_attempts?=?6 [failure_tracking] notification_interval?=?60 notification_clients?=?50 detection_timeout?=?1 detection_interval?=?6 notifications?=?300 detections?=?3 failover_interval?=?0 prune_time?=?3600 [servers]??????//??192.168.17.180、192.168.17.179、192.168.17.177三臺mysql的管理員帳號 restore_user?=?fabric unreachable_timeout?=?5 backup_password?=?secret????? backup_user?=?fabric user?=?fabric???????????????? restore_password?=?secret password?=?secret [connector] ttl?=?1 [protocol.xmlrpc] disable_authentication?=?yes??//?關閉驗證 ssl_cert?=? realm?=?MySQL?Fabric ssl_key?=? ssl_ca?=? threads?=?5 user?=?admin address?=?192.168.17.178:32274 password?=? [executor] executors?=?5 [sharding] prune_limit?=?10000 mysqldump_program?=?/usr/bin/mysqldump mysqlclient_program?=?/usr/bin/mysql [protocol.mysql] disable_authentication?=?yes??//?關閉驗證 ssl_cert?=? ssl_key?=? ssl_ca?=? user?=?admin address?=?192.168.17.178:32275 password?=

初始化Backing Store數據，初始化完成后，可以在192.168.17.178的mysql中看到fabric數據表，這個數據庫主要用來Backing Store使用。

mysqlfabric?manage?setup

啟動fabric

mysqlfabric?manage?start

建立HA服務器組

mysqlfabric?group?create?my_group

將mysql服務器加入HA組中

mysqlfabric?group?add?my_group?192.168.17.177:3306 mysqlfabric?group?add?my_group?192.168.17.179:3306 mysqlfabric?group?add?my_group?192.168.17.180:3306

添加完成后，默認情況不會自己選出主庫（PRIMARY），可以讓fabric自動選出主庫，也可以手動選出主庫

1）執行下邊命令讓fabric選出主庫

mysqlfabric?group?promote?my_group

2）手動指定主庫

mysqlfabric?server?set_status?192.168.17.179:3306?primary???//?set_status可手工指定4個狀態primary,?secondary,spare,?or?faulty.

添加完成后，可以使用使用下邊命令查看當前my_group組中的服務器狀況

mysqlfabric?group?lookup_servers?my_group Fabric?UUID:??5ca1ab1e-a007-feed-f00d-cab3fe13249e Time-To-Live:?1server_uuid?????????????address????status???????mode?weight ------------------------------------?-------------------?---------?----------?------ 086d9569-a78a-11e5-9205-005056ab3497?192.168.17.180:3306?SECONDARY??READ_ONLY????1.0 452ee193-a4a7-11e5-bf33-005056ab482f?192.168.17.179:3306???PRIMARY?READ_WRITE????1.0 edcbd377-a4a7-11e5-bf37-005056ab131b?192.168.17.177:3306?SECONDARY??READ_ONLY????1.0

fabric常用相關命令

mysqlfabric?group?create?my_group??????????#創建HA組 mysqlfabric?group?destroy?my_group????????#刪除HA組 mysqlfabric?group?add?my_group?192.168.17.180:3306?????#添加組成員 mysqlfabric?group?remove?my_group?xxxxxxxx???#移出組成員 mysqlfabric?group?lookup_servers?my_group??#查看組成員 mysqlfabric?group?promote?my_group??????#選舉master mysqlfabric?groupactivate?my_group????????#激活自動故障轉移 mysqlfabric?group?deactivate?my_group???????????#禁用自動故障轉移 mysqlfabric?serverset_status?server_uuid?status?#變更服務器狀態 mysqlfabric?help?manage???#manage命令幫助 mysqlfabric?help?group?????#group命令幫助 mysqlfabric?help?server??????#server命令幫助

3、java測試代碼建庫，建表，插入數據，查詢操作

操作數據庫的順序改為先連接Fabric，再由Fabric內部操作具體的數據庫，這里使用java例子，測試代碼來自http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/ java驅動包中的例子

package?demo.fabric; import?java.sql.Connection; import?java.sql.DriverManager; import?java.sql.PreparedStatement; import?java.sql.ResultSet; import?java.sql.Statement; import?com.mysql.fabric.jdbc.FabricMySQLConnection; /***?Demonstrate?working?with?employee?data?in?MySQL?Fabric?with?Connector/J?and?the?JDBC?APIs.*/ public?class?EmployeesTest?{public?static?void?main(String?args[])?throws?Exception?{String?hostname?=?"192.168.17.178";String?port?=?"32274";?String?database?=?"employees";String?user?=?"fabric";String?password?=?"secret";String?baseUrl?=?"jdbc:mysql:fabric://"?+?hostname?+?":"?+?Integer.valueOf(port)?+?"/";//?Load?the?driver?if?running?under?Java?5if?(!com.mysql.jdbc.Util.isJdbc4())?{Class.forName("com.mysql.fabric.jdbc.FabricMySQLDriver");System.out.println("load?driver");}Connection?rawConnection?=?DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl?+?"mysql?fabricServerGroup=my_group",?user,?password);Statement?statement?=?rawConnection.createStatement();statement.executeUpdate("create?database?if?not?exists?employees");System.out.println("create?database?if?not?exists?employees");statement.close();rawConnection.close();//?The?1-st?way?is?to?set?it's?name?explicitly?via?the?"fabricServerGroup"?connection?propertyrawConnection?=?DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl?+?database?+?"?fabricServerGroup=my_group",?user,?password);statement?=?rawConnection.createStatement();statement.executeUpdate("create?database?if?not?exists?employees");statement.close();rawConnection.close();rawConnection?=?DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl?+?database?+?"?fabricServerGroup=my_group",?user,?password);statement?=?rawConnection.createStatement();statement.executeUpdate("drop?table?if?exists?employees");statement.executeUpdate("create?table?employees?(emp_no?int?not?null,?first_name?varchar(50),?last_name?varchar(50),?primary?key?(emp_no))");//?2.?Insert?data//?Cast?to?a?Fabric?connection?to?have?access?to?specific?methodsFabricMySQLConnection?connection?=?(FabricMySQLConnection)?rawConnection;//?example?data?used?to?create?employee?recordsInteger?ids[]?=?new?Integer[]?{?1,?2,?10001,?10002?};String?firstNames[]?=?new?String[]?{?"John",?"Jane",?"Andy",?"Alice"?};String?lastNames[]?=?new?String[]?{?"Doe",?"Doe",?"Wiley",?"Wein"?};//?insert?employee?dataPreparedStatement?ps?=?connection.prepareStatement("INSERT?INTO?employees.employees?VALUES?(?,?,?)");for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?4;?++i)?{ps.setInt(1,?ids[i]);ps.setString(2,?firstNames[i]);ps.setString(3,?lastNames[i]);ps.executeUpdate();}System.out.println("Querying?employees");System.out.format("%7s?|?%-30s?|?%-30s%n",?"emp_no",?"first_name",?"last_name");System.out.println("--------+--------------------------------+-------------------------------");ps?=?connection.prepareStatement("select?emp_no,?first_name,?last_name?from?employees?where?emp_no?=??");for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?4;?++i)?{ps.setInt(1,?ids[i]);ResultSet?rs?=?ps.executeQuery();rs.next();System.out.format("%7d?|?%-30s?|?%-30s%n",?rs.getInt(1),?rs.getString(2),?rs.getString(3));rs.close();}ps.close(); //????????connection.setServerGroupName("my_group"); //????????statement.executeUpdate("drop?table?if?exists?employees");statement.close();connection.close();} }

如果當前PRIMARY為192.168.17.179:3306，直接連接192.168.17.179進行增加修改刪除，數據能自動同步到192.168.17.177和192.168.17.180，完整的主從模式。

如果當前PRIMARY為192.168.17.179:3306，直接連接192.168.17.177或192.168.17.180，會造成PRIMARY主庫的修改無法同步到從數據，需要把從數據庫沖突數據刪除，重啟沖突的從數據庫，通過mysqlfabric server set_status修改從數據庫的狀態為secondary，數據會重新同步。

參考

http://www.csdn.net/article/2014-08-20/2821300

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-utilities/1.4/en/fabric.html

轉載于:https://my.oschina.net/penngo/blog/549282

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