參考雷神的文章
最簡單的基于FFmpeg的推流器（以推送RTMP為例）
文章寫于2015年，有點api已經過期，本文用最新的ffmpeg5.1對源代碼升級，主要修改為編解碼器參數的拷貝使用
avcodec_parameters_copy
代碼如下：

/*** 最簡單的基于FFmpeg的推流器（推送RTMP）* Simplest FFmpeg Streamer (Send RTMP)** 雷霄驊 Lei Xiaohua* leixiaohua1020@126.com* 中國傳媒大學/數字電視技術* Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology* http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020** 本例子實現了推送本地視頻至流媒體服務器（以RTMP為例）。* 是使用FFmpeg進行流媒體推送最簡單的教程。** This example stream local media files to streaming media* server (Use RTMP as example).* It's the simplest FFmpeg streamer.**/#include <stdio.h>#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS#ifdef _WIN32//Windows extern "C" { #include "libavformat/avformat.h" #include "libavutil/mathematics.h" #include "libavutil/time.h" }; #else//Linux... #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #include <libavformat/avformat.h> #include <libavutil/mathematics.h> #include <libavutil/time.h> #ifdef __cplusplus }; #endif #endifint main(int argc, char* argv[]) {const AVOutputFormat* ofmt = NULL;//輸入對應一個AVFormatContext，輸出對應一個AVFormatContext//（Input AVFormatContext and Output AVFormatContext）AVFormatContext* ifmt_ctx = NULL, * ofmt_ctx = NULL;AVPacket* pkt;const char* in_filename, * out_filename;int ret, i;int videoindex = -1;int frame_index = 0;int64_t start_time = 0;//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mov";//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mkv";//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.ts";//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mp4";//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.h264";in_filename = "../resources/gx.flv";//輸入URL（Input file URL）//in_filename = "shanghai03_p.h264";out_filename = "rtmp://81.70.104.12:18881/live/livestream";//輸出 URL（Output URL）[RTMP]//out_filename = "rtp://233.233.233.233:6666";//輸出 URL（Output URL）[UDP]//Networkavformat_network_init();//輸入（Input）if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, in_filename, 0, 0)) < 0) {printf("Could not open input file.");goto end;}if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) < 0) {printf("Failed to retrieve input stream information");goto end;}for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++)if (ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {videoindex = i;break;}av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, in_filename, 0);//輸出（Output）avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "flv", out_filename); //RTMP//avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "mpegts", out_filename);//UDPif (!ofmt_ctx) {printf("Could not create output context\n");ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;goto end;}ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {//根據輸入流創建輸出流（Create output AVStream according to input AVStream）AVStream* in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];AVStream* out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, NULL);if (!out_stream) {printf("Failed allocating output stream\n");ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;goto end;}avcodec_parameters_copy(out_stream->codecpar, in_stream->codecpar);}//Dump Format------------------av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, out_filename, 1);//打開輸出URL（Open output URL）if (!(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {ret = avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, out_filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);if (ret < 0) {printf("Could not open output URL '%s'", out_filename);goto end;}}//寫文件頭（Write file header）ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);if (ret < 0) {printf("Error occurred when opening output URL\n");goto end;}start_time = av_gettime();pkt = av_packet_alloc();while (1) {AVStream* in_stream, * out_stream;//獲取一個AVPacket（Get an AVPacket）ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, pkt);if (ret < 0)break;//FIX：No PTS (Example: Raw H.264)//Simple Write PTSif (pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {//Write PTSAVRational time_base1 = ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;//Duration between 2 frames (us)int64_t calc_duration = (double)AV_TIME_BASE / av_q2d(ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->r_frame_rate);//Parameterspkt->pts = (double)(frame_index * calc_duration) / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);pkt->dts = pkt->pts;pkt->duration = (double)calc_duration / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);}//Important:Delayif (pkt->stream_index == videoindex) {AVRational time_base = ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;AVRational time_base_q = { 1,AV_TIME_BASE };int64_t pts_time = av_rescale_q(pkt->dts, time_base, time_base_q);int64_t now_time = av_gettime() - start_time;if (pts_time > now_time)av_usleep(pts_time - now_time);}in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt->stream_index];out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[pkt->stream_index];/* copy packet *///轉換PTS/DTS（Convert PTS/DTS）pkt->pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));pkt->dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));pkt->duration = av_rescale_q(pkt->duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);pkt->pos = -1;//Print to Screenif (pkt->stream_index == videoindex) {printf("Send %8d video frames to output URL\n", frame_index);frame_index++;}//ret = av_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, pkt);if (ret < 0) {printf("Error muxing packet\n");break;}av_packet_unref(pkt);}av_packet_free(&pkt);//寫文件尾（Write file trailer）av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx); end:avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);/* close output */if (ofmt_ctx && !(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR_EOF) {printf("Error occurred.\n");return -1;}return 0; }

rtmp服務地址為：rtmp://81.70.104.12:18881/live/livestream

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