Foundations of Python Network Programing，Third Edition 《python網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程》，本書(shū)中的代碼可在Github上搜索fopnp下載

本書(shū)的第一章中使用到了google地圖的api來(lái)獲取一個(gè)地址的經(jīng)度和緯度，因?yàn)楸娝苤脑驎?huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)法訪問(wèn)，我們需要使用代理訪問(wèn)

因此書(shū)上的代碼需要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)修改，我的電腦的代理地址為127.0.0.1:1080，下面放我的代碼吧，可根據(jù)自己電腦的代理設(shè)置進(jìn)行修改。

運(yùn)行環(huán)境：Windows 10,Anaconda3,python3.6.3,Pycharm Edu 2017.3

調(diào)用庫(kù)：

#search1.py

from pygeocoder importGeocoderif __name__ == '__main__':

a=Geocoder()

a.proxy= "127.0.0.1:1080"address= '207 N. Definace St,Archbold,OH'

print(a.geocode(address)[0].coordinates)

這里使用的是Geocoder中的proxy參數(shù)設(shè)置代理(需要先使用pip安裝pygeocoder)，因此必須先實(shí)例化，不能像書(shū)中一樣直接print

應(yīng)用層：

#search2.pyimportrequests

proxies= {"http": "http://127.0.0.1:1080", "https": "http://127.0.0.1:1080", }defgeocode(address):

parameters= {'address': address, 'sensor': 'falise'}

base= 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json'response= requests.get(base, params=parameters, proxies=proxies)

answer=response.json()print(answer['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':

geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')

這里使用了requests中的proxies參數(shù)設(shè)置代理

使用HTTP協(xié)議：

#search3.py

importhttp.clientimportjsonfrom urllib.parse importquote_plus

base= '/maps/api/geocode/json'

defgeocode(address):

path= '{}?address={}&sensor=false'.format(base, quote_plus(address))

connection= http.client.HTTPSConnection('127.0.0.1', 1080)

connection.set_tunnel('map.google.com')

connection.request('GET', path)

rawreply=connection.getresponse().read()

reply= json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))print(reply['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':

geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')

這里會(huì)提示

Traceback (most recent call last):

File"E:/Learn Python/Python網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程/search3.py", line 21, in geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')

File"E:/Learn Python/Python網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程/search3.py", line 16, ingeocode

reply= json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))

File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\__init__.py", line 354, inloadsreturn_default_decoder.decode(s)

File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\decoder.py", line 339, indecode

obj, end= self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())

File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\decoder.py", line 357, inraw_decoderaise JSONDecodeError("Expecting value", s, err.value) fromNone

json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line1 column 1 (char 0)

Process finished with exit code 1

很明顯報(bào)了一個(gè)json.decoder.JSONDecodeError的錯(cuò)誤 說(shuō)明沒(méi)有能夠正確訪問(wèn)，json decode失敗

print(rawreply)發(fā)現(xiàn)rawreply返回的是這樣的html文件

b'

\n301 Moved\n

301 Moved

\n

The document has moved\n

here.\r\n

\r\n'

返回了一個(gè)301錯(cuò)誤，說(shuō)明需要重定向這里我們使用的是HTTPS協(xié)議因此不會(huì)像瀏覽器一樣直接重定向，感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是google反爬蟲(chóng)的一種行為

因此我們使用正則表達(dá)式提取字符串(方法來(lái)自https://www.cnblogs.com/rj81/p/5933838.html)，更改后代碼如下

#search3.py

importhttp.clientimportjsonfrom urllib.parse importquote_plusimportre

base= '/maps/api/geocode/json'

defgeocode(address):

path= '{}?address={}&sensor=false'.format(base, quote_plus(address))

connection= http.client.HTTPSConnection('127.0.0.1', 1080)

connection.set_tunnel('map.google.com')

connection.request('GET', path)

rawreply=connection.getresponse().read().decode()

newweb= re.findall(r"HREF=\"(.+?)\"", string=rawreply)#print(newweb)

connection.request('GET', newweb[0])

rawreply=connection.getresponse().read()#print(path)

#print(rawreply)

reply = json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))print(reply['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':

geocode('207 N. Defiance St, Archbold, OH')

即可正確輸出結(jié)果

{'lat': 41.5219645, 'lng': -84.3066496}

Process finished with exit code 0

這里需要注意的是 我一開(kāi)始以為newweb是一個(gè)str，直接使用了connection.request('GET', newweb)

結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'startswith'的錯(cuò)誤，更改之后即可正常輸出

直接使用Socket與谷歌地圖通信：

設(shè)置代理的方法(轉(zhuǎn)自http://www.jb51.net/article/50510.htm)

urllib2：

proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({'http' : 'http://地址:端口'})

opener=urllib2.build_opener(proxy_handler, urllib2.HTTPHandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

socket：

importsocks, socket

socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5,"地址", 端口)

socket.socket= socks.socksocket

代碼如下：

#search4.py#!/usr/bin/env python3

importsocketimportsocksfrom urllib.parse importquote_plus

request_text= """\

GET /maps/api/geocode/json?address={}&sensor=false HTTP/1.1\r\n\

Host: maps.google.com:80\r\n\

User-Agent: search4.py (Foundations of Python Network Programming)\r\n\

Connection: close\r\n\

\r\n\"""

defgeocode(address):

socks.set_default_proxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5,"127.0.0.1", 1080)

socket.socket=socks.socksocket

sock=socket.socket()

sock.connect(('maps.google.com', 80))

request=request_text.format(quote_plus(address))

sock.sendall(request.encode('ascii'))

raw_reply= b''

whileTrue:

more= sock.recv(4096)if notmore:breakraw_reply+=moreprint(raw_reply.decode('utf-8'))if __name__ == '__main__':

geocode('207 N. Defiance St, Archbold, OH')

運(yùn)行輸出：

HTTP/1.1 200OK

Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8Date: Fri,12 Jan 2018 07:21:20GMT

Expires: Sat,13 Jan 2018 07:21:20GMT

Cache-Control: public, max-age=86400Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *Server: mafe

X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block

X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

Accept-Ranges: none

Vary: Accept-Language,Accept-Encoding

Connection: close

{"results": [

{"address_components": [

{"long_name" : "207","short_name" : "207","types" : [ "street_number"]

},

{"long_name" : "North Defiance Street","short_name" : "N Defiance St","types" : [ "route"]

},

{"long_name" : "Archbold","short_name" : "Archbold","types" : [ "locality", "political"]

},

{"long_name" : "German Township","short_name" : "German Township","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_3", "political"]

},

{"long_name" : "Fulton County","short_name" : "Fulton County","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political"]

},

{"long_name" : "Ohio","short_name" : "OH","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political"]

},

{"long_name" : "United States","short_name" : "US","types" : [ "country", "political"]

},

{"long_name" : "43502","short_name" : "43502","types" : [ "postal_code"]

},

{"long_name" : "1160","short_name" : "1160","types" : [ "postal_code_suffix"]

}

],"formatted_address" : "207 N Defiance St, Archbold, OH 43502, USA","geometry": {"bounds": {"northeast": {"lat" : 41.521994,"lng" : -84.30646179999999},"southwest": {"lat" : 41.521935,"lng" : -84.30683739999999}

},"location": {"lat" : 41.5219645,"lng" : -84.3066496},"location_type" : "ROOFTOP","viewport": {"northeast": {"lat" : 41.5233134802915,"lng" : -84.30530061970849},"southwest": {"lat" : 41.5206155197085,"lng" : -84.3079985802915}

}

},"place_id" : "ChIJk4BHnIy0PYgRXbKj5GjFe_U","types" : [ "premise"]

}

],"status" : "OK"}

Process finished with exit code0

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