創建Dog 類

方法__init__()，Python 自動調用，約定！！！

#創建Dog 類 class Dog:def __init__(self, name, age):self.name = nameself.age = agedef sit(self):print(f"{self.name} is now sitting.")def roll_over(self):print(f"{self.name} rolled over.")#根據類創建實例 my_dog = Dog('Willie', 6)#訪問屬性 print(f"My dog's name is {my_dog.name}")#調用方法 my_dog.sit()

使用類和實例

class Car(object):"""docstring for Car"""def __init__(self, make, model, year):self.make = makeself.model = modelself.year = year#給屬性指定默認值self.odometer_reading = 0def get_descriptive_name(self):long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"return long_name.title()def read_odometer(self):print(f"This car has {self.odometer_reading} miles on it.")def update_odometer(self, mileage):self.odometer_reading = mileagemy_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2019) print(my_car.get_descriptive_name())##直接修改屬性值 my_car.odometer_reading = 55 my_car.read_odometer()##通過方法修改屬性的值 my_car.update_odometer(66) my_car.read_odometer()

繼承

class Car(object):"""docstring for Car"""def __init__(self, make, model, year):self.make = makeself.model = modelself.year = year#給屬性指定默認值self.odometer_reading = 0def get_descriptive_name(self):long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"return long_name.title()def read_odometer(self):print(f"This car has {self.odometer_reading} miles on it.")def update_odometer(self, mileage):self.odometer_reading = mileagedef fill_gas_tank(self, volume):self.volume = volumeclass ElectricCar(Car):"""docstring fos ElectricCar"""def __init__(self, make, model, year, battery_size=75):#初始化父類的屬性super().__init__(make, model, year)#子類定義屬性self.battery_size = battery_size#子類定義方法 def describe_battery(self):print(f"This car has a {self.battery_size}-kWh battery.")#覆蓋父類方法def fill_gas_tank(self, volume):print("This car does't need a gas tank.")my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'model s', '2019') print(my_tesla.get_descriptive_name()) my_tesla.describe_battery() my_tesla.fill_gas_tank(50)

導入類

#導入類 from car import Car, ElectricCarmy_beetle = Car('volkswagen', 'beetle', 2019) my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'roadster', 2020)#導入模塊 import car my_beetle = car.Car('volkswagen', 'beetle', 2019)

總結

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