单片机期末复习代码
1、左右來回循環(huán)的流水燈的電路連接見圖4-6，顯示規(guī)律如圖4-7。實(shí)現(xiàn)本任務(wù)要求，可以有多種軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。下面列出了3種，具體如下
- 數(shù)組的字節(jié)操作實(shí)現(xiàn)
#include <reg51.h>
???????? #define uchar unsigned char??????????? ? ?????????????
???????? uchar tab[16 ]={ 0xfe , 0xfd , 0xfb , 0xf7 , 0xef , 0xdf , 0xbf , 0x7f ,0xbf ,0xdf , 0xef , 0xf7 , 0xfb , 0xfd, 0xfe,0xff};/*前8個數(shù)據(jù)為左移點(diǎn)亮數(shù)據(jù)，后8個為右移點(diǎn)亮數(shù)據(jù)*/
void? delay(uchar k)
{??????? uchar i,j;
???????? for(i = 0; i < k; i++);
???????? for(j = 0; j < 110; j++);
}
void? main(? )???????????????????????????????????????????? /*主函數(shù)*/
{??????? uchar i；
???????? while (1)
???????? {??????? for(i = 0; i < 15; i++);
?????????????????? {??????? P1=tab[i];
??????????????????????????? delay( );}}}
- 移位運(yùn)算符實(shí)現(xiàn)
???????? #include <reg51.h>
???????? #define uchar unsigned char??????????? ? ??????????????????????
void? delay(uchar k)
{??????? uchar i,j;
???????? for(i = 0; i < k; i++);
???????? for(j = 0; j < 110; j++);
}
???????? void? main(? )???????????????????????????????????????????? ??? /*主函數(shù)*/
{??????? uchar i,temp;
?????????????????? while (1)
???????? {??????? temp=0x01;?????????????? ?????? /*左移初值賦給temp*/
???????? for(i= 0; i < 8; i++);??
{P1=～temp;?????????????????????????? /* temp取反后送P1口*/
???????? delay(? );
???????? temp=temp<<1; }????????????? /* temp 中數(shù)據(jù)左移一位,最右位用0填*/
???????? temp=0x80; ??????????? ??????????????/*賦右移初值給temp*/
???????? for(i=0; i < 8; i++);
{??????? P1=～temp;??????????????????????? /* temp取反后送P1口 */
???????? delay(? );
???????? temp=temp>>1; ????????????? /* temp 中數(shù)據(jù)右移一位*/
}
???????? }
?????????????????? }
- 用移位函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)
#include <reg51.h>
#include <intrins.h>?????????????????? /*包含左、右移位函數(shù)的頭文件*/
#define uchar unsigned char??????????? ? ??????????????????????
void? delay(uchar k)
{??????? uchar i,j;
???????? for(i = 0; i < k; i++);
???????? for(j = 0; j < 110; j++);
}
void? main(? )????????????????????????? /*主函數(shù)*/
{??????? uchar i,temp;
???????? while (1)
???????? {??????? temp=0xfe;????? ?????? /*初值為0x11111110*/
for(i=0; i< 7; i++);????
???????? {??????? P1=temp;????????? /* temp 值送入P1口*/
?????????????????? delay(? ); ??????????????? /*延時*/
?????????????????? temp=_crol_( temp,1) ;?? /*執(zhí)行左移函數(shù)，temp 中的數(shù)據(jù)循環(huán)
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 左移1位*/
??????????????????????????? }
???????? for(i=0; i<7; i++);?????
???????? {??????? P1=temp;????????? /* temp 值送入P1口*/
?????????????????? delay(? ); ??????????????? /*延時*/
?????????????????? temp=_cror_( temp,1) ;? /*執(zhí)行右移函數(shù)，temp中的數(shù)據(jù)循環(huán)右
??????????????????????????????????????????????????? 移1位*/
?????????????????? }
???????? }
}
2、開關(guān)量檢測指示器2,AT89S51單片機(jī)P1.0和P1.1引腳接有兩只開關(guān)S0和S1，兩只引腳上的高低電平共有4種組合，這4種組合分別點(diǎn)亮P2.0～P2.3引腳控制的4只LED：LED0～LED3 (高電平點(diǎn)亮)，編程實(shí)現(xiàn)此功能
#include <reg51.h>????????? ???????????? /* 包含頭文件reg51.h */
void? main(? )??????????????????????????????????? /* 主函數(shù)main( )* /
{??????? char? state;
While(1)
???????? {??????? P1=0xff;????????????????????? /* P1口為輸入* /
?????????????????? state=P1;????????? ?? /* 讀入P1口的狀態(tài)，送入a* /
?????????????????? state=state&0x03;??????????? ?? /* 屏蔽P1口的高6位* /
?????????????????? switch ( state ) * 判斷P1口的低2位的狀態(tài)* /
{case 0: P2=0x01; break; /* P1.1、P1.0=00，點(diǎn)亮P2.0腳LED */
case 1: P2=0x02; break;? /* P1.1、P1.0=01，點(diǎn)亮P2.1腳LED */
case 2: P2=0x04; break;? /* P1.1、P1.0=10，點(diǎn)亮P2.2腳LED */
case 3: P2=0x08; ???????????? /* P1.1、P1.0=11，點(diǎn)亮P2.3腳LED */
}}
3、時鐘：8位Led 動態(tài)顯示，共陽，無校準(zhǔn)電子表
P0.0~7輸出段碼數(shù)據(jù)，P1.0～7輸出位選信號*/
#include<reg51.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
uchar dis_buff[8]={0x00,0x00,0x0b,0x00,0x00,0x0b,0x00,0x00};//顯示緩存區(qū)時高位低位、分高位低位、秒高位低位
uchar code position[8]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20};//位選信號
uchar code table[11]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xbf};//共陽碼
uchar int_time;??????????????????????????????????? //*定義中斷次數(shù)變量*/
uchar second;?????????????????????????????????????? /*秒計(jì)數(shù)變量*/
uchar minute;?????????????????????????????????????? /*分計(jì)數(shù)變量*/
uchar hour;??????????????????????????????????????????? /*小時計(jì)數(shù)變量*/
void delay(uint t)
{uchar i,j;
for(i=0;i<t;i++)
for(j=0;j<120;j++);}
void time_to_disbuff(uchar s, uchar m,uchar h )
{ //修改時分秒顯示緩沖區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)
? ???? dis_buff[0]=h/10;???? //保存時到顯示緩存區(qū)
???????? dis_buff[1]=h%10;
? ???? dis_buff[3]=m/10; //保存分到顯示緩存區(qū)
???????? dis_buff[4]=m%10;
???????? dis_buff[6]=s/10;? //保存秒到顯示緩存區(qū)
???????? dis_buff[7]=s%10;
}
void display(void)
{?? uchar i;
???????? for(i=0;i<8;i++)
???????? ?{
???????? ? ???? if (i==2|i==5)
?????????????????? {
?????????????????? ?P0=table[10]//seg,時和分后顯示點(diǎn)
?????????????????? ?P1=position[i];??????? ? //pos
?????????????????? }
?????????????????? else
?????????????????? {
?????????????????? P0=table[dis_buff[i]];??????? //seg
?????????????????? P1=position[i]; ? //pos
???????? ??????? }
?????????????????? delay(2);//2ms
?????????????????? P1=0x00;//注意!!!
???????? ?}?????
}????????????????
void main()
{
???????? P0=0x00;
???????? P1=0x00;
???????? TMOD=0x01;????????????????????????????????????????????????? /*T0方式1*/
??????? EA=1;??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? /* 開總中斷 */
??????? ET0=1; ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? /* 開T0中斷 */
??????? TH0=(65536-50000)/256=0x3c;????????????????????????? /*置T0初值*/
??????? TL0=(65536-50000)%256=0xb0;
??????? TR0=1;
??????? int_time=0;???????????????????????????????????????????????????? /*中斷次數(shù)時分秒清0*/
??????? second=0;
??????? minute=0;
??????? hour=0;
???????? while(1)
???????? {
?????????????????? time_to_disbuff(second ,minute, hour);
?????????????????? display();
???????? }
}
void? T0_interserve(void)? interrupt 1? using 1 ??????? /*T0中斷服務(wù)程序*/
{??????? TH0=(65536-50000)/256=0x3c;????????????????????????? /*置T0初值*/
??????? TL0=(65536-50000)%256=0xb0;
int_time++;???????????????????????????????????????????????????? /*中斷次數(shù)1*/
??????? if(int_time==20) ??????????????????????????????? /*中斷次數(shù)滿20*/
???????????????? { int_time=0; ???????????????????????????? /*中斷次數(shù)清0*/
?????????????????????????? second++;???????????????????????????????????? /*秒加1*/
???????????????? }
???????????????? if(second==60)????????????????????????????????????? /*滿60s*/
???????????????? { second=0; ???????????????????????????????????????? /*秒計(jì)數(shù)器清0*/
?????????????????????????? minute ++;?????????????????????????????????? /*分計(jì)數(shù)器加 1*/
???????????????? }
???????????????? if(minute==60)????????????????????????????????????? /*滿60分?*/
???????????????? { ????? minute=0;???????????????????????????????????? /*分計(jì)數(shù)器清0*/
?????????????????????????? hour ++;??????????????????????????????????????? /*時計(jì)數(shù)器加1*/
???????????????? }
???????????????? if(hour==24)
???????????????? { ????? hour=0;???????????????????????????????????????? /*時計(jì)數(shù)器滿24,清0*/
???????????????? }
}
4、將外部RAM8000H開始的10個字節(jié)的內(nèi)容送入內(nèi)部RAM50H開始的10個字節(jié)中。
#include<reg51.h>
data unsigned char nram50[10] _at_ 0x50;
xdata unsigned char nram8000[10] _at_ 0x8000;
?void main() {
?unsigned char i;
?for(i=0;i<10;i++)
??? {
????? nram8000[i]=i;
???????? ? nram50[i]=nram8000[i];
??? }
???????? ????? while(1);
?}
5、將內(nèi)部RAM30H~39H的10個字節(jié)的內(nèi)容移至35H開始的連續(xù)10個字節(jié)中。
#include<reg51.h>
data unsigned char nram30[10] _at_ 0x30;
?void main() {
?unsigned char i;
?for(i=0;i<10;i++)
??? {
????? nram30[i]=i;
??? }
???????? for(i=10;i>0;i--)
???????? {
???????? ? nram30[i+4]=nram30[i-1];
???????? }
???????? ????? while(1);
?}
7、流水燈（定時：中斷、查詢）
- 無開關(guān)控制
/********流水燈：定時控制，1s循環(huán)左移，循環(huán)右移，采用中斷和查詢兩種方式************/
/********2018/6/23***********/
/********JZ************/
#include <reg51.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
uint i;
void main()
{
? TMOD=0x01;//定時器的方式控制字，定時/計(jì)數(shù)器工作于方式1,0000_0001
? TH0=0xd8;
? TL0=0xf0;??? //定時10ms,系統(tǒng)周期為12MHZ，1us,2^16-10ms/1us=65536-10000=55536=d8f0H
? EA=1;??????? //允許總中斷
? ET0=1;?????? //允許定時器T0中斷
? TR0=1;????? //啟動定時器T0????????
? P0=0xfe;??? //初始化燈的狀態(tài)，為第一盞燈亮，其他燈不亮
? while(1);
? }
void time0_int(void) interrupt 1? //定時器0引發(fā)的中斷函數(shù)
{
? TH0=0xd8;
? TL0=0xf0;??????? //定時/計(jì)數(shù)器每次都需要重載初值
? i++;
???????? if(i==100)?? //循環(huán)100次，及達(dá)到了1s
?????????????????? {i=0;P0= _crol_(P0,1); } }//1s之后P0左移1位，循環(huán)點(diǎn)亮，間隔時間為1s
/*//P0=0x7f; P0= _cror_(P0,1);//燈初始化為第7盞燈亮，循環(huán)右移，從下往上
//P0=0xfe; P0= _crol_(P0,1);//燈初始化為第0盞燈亮，循環(huán)左移，從上往下
for(;;) //查詢方式定時，放在主函數(shù)里面
? {
? if(TF0)??? //判斷溢出標(biāo)志位是否為1，為1則計(jì)數(shù)到
? {i++;
TH0=0xd8;TL0=0xf0; TF0=0;???? //將溢出標(biāo)志位軟件清0
? if(i==100)? //循環(huán)100次，及達(dá)到了1s
? {
? P0= _crol_(P0,1);
??i=0;
? } }}*/
- 有開關(guān)控制
/****流水燈：定時控制，兩個定時器，當(dāng)按下K1時，采用T0定時，當(dāng)按下K2時，采用T1定時************/
/********2018/6/24***********/
/********JZ************/
#include <reg51.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
uint i;
sbit P1_0=P1^0;??
sbit P1_1=P1^1;?? //定義并口P1的第0、1位
void main()
{TMOD=0x11;? //定時器0、1均采用方式1工作
TH0=0x3c;
TL0=0xb0;
TR0=0;//初始化后并不啟動定時器T0，待命初值為100ms
TH1=0x9e;?
TL1=0x58;
TR1=0;//初始化后并不啟動定時器T1，待命初值為50ms
i=0;
P0=0xff;? //上電時, 8個發(fā)光二極管全亮
while(1)
{if(P1_0==0)? //當(dāng)P1.0有效時，及開關(guān)K1按下
{?? EA=1;???
??? TR1=0;//關(guān)閉定時器1
??? TR0=1;?? ET0=1;//允許中斷0，打開定時器0
P0=0x7f; }// 給燈賦初值，第8個燈亮
if(P1_1==0)? //當(dāng)P1.1有效時，及開關(guān)K2按下
{?? EA=1;??
??? TR0=0;? //關(guān)閉定時器0
??? TR1=1;? ET1=1;? //允許中斷1，打開定時器1
??? P0=0xfe; }}}??? // 給燈賦初值，第1個燈亮
void time0_int(void) interrupt 1?? //定時器0中斷服務(wù)程序1
{ TH0=0x3c;?? TL0=0xb0;?? //每次定時都需要重新賦初值
i++;?????? //計(jì)數(shù)加1
if(i==20)
{ i=0; P0= _cror_(P0,1);}}??????????????? //循環(huán)右移（向上）1位，點(diǎn)亮下一個燈共定時2s
void time1_int(void) interrupt 3
{ TH1=0x9e;TL1=0x58; //每次定時都需要重新賦初值
i++;
if(i==20)
{i=0;
P0= _crol_(P0,1);}} //循環(huán)左移（向下）1位，點(diǎn)亮下一個燈共定時1
8、獨(dú)立式鍵盤
/********獨(dú)立式鍵盤************/
/********2018/6/23***********/
/********JZ************/
#include<reg51.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
sbit K0=P1^0;??????????????? //定義位變量
sbit K1=P1^1;
sbit K2=P1^2;
sbit K3=P1^3;
sbit D0=P2^0;
sbit D1=P2^1;
sbit D2=P2^2;
sbit D3=P2^3;
/************延時函數(shù)************/
void? delay(uchar k)???????
{
uchar i,j;
for (i=0;i<k;i++)
for (j=0;j<110;j++);//11.0592M晶振,大約延時1ms
}
void main()
{
if (K0==0)
{
???????? delay(10);//延時10ms延時去抖
???????? if(K0==0) {D0=0;D3=1;} //下一個燈亮，上一個燈滅
}
if (K1==0)
{
???????? delay(10);
???????? if(K1==0) {D1=0;D0=1;}??
}
if (K2==0)
{
???????? delay(10);
???????? if(K2==0) {D2=0;D1=1;}
}
if (K3==0)
{
???????? delay(10);
???????? if(K3==0) {D3=0;D2=1;}
}}
9、LED
- 無8255
/********LED燈顯示，無8255,P0口輸出段選碼，P2口輸出位選碼***********/
/********2018/6/23***********/
/********JZ************/
/*共陰極，逐位輪流點(diǎn)亮各個LED，每一位保持3ms，在15～20ms之內(nèi)再一次點(diǎn)亮，重復(fù)不止*/
#include<reg52.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
uchar?? buf[8]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};//定義顯示緩沖區(qū),buf[]數(shù)組里面的數(shù)表示段碼送的數(shù),可以更改，顯示其他的數(shù)
uchar?? LED[16]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71}; //字符為0～F
uchar?? scan [8]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f};//位選碼表
void??? delay(uchar k)???????
{
uchar i,j;
for (i=0;i<k;i++)
for (j=0;j<110;j++);//11.0592M晶振,大約延時1ms
}
void disp()
{
uchar i;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)?? //8位顯示，共陰極
{
???????? P2=scan[i];????????? //位碼送P2口
? P0=LED[buf[i]];????? //段碼送P0口
? delay(3);??????????? //延時3ms
}?
}
void? main(void)
{
while(1)
{
disp();???????????? //設(shè)顯示函數(shù)
}
}
- 有8255
/********LED燈顯示，有8255,P0口輸出段選碼，P2口輸出位選碼A口、B口C口和控制口的地址分別為7F00H、7F01H、7F02H和7F03H（高8位地址線未用的取1，低8位地址線未用的取0）************/
/********2018/6/23***********/
/********JZ************/
#include? <reg51.h>
#include? <absacc.h>??????? //定義絕對地址訪問
#define? uchar unsigned? char
#define? uint unsigned? int
void? delay(uchar k);?????????? //聲明延時函數(shù)
void? display(void);??????? //聲明顯示函數(shù)
uchar disbuffer[8]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};? //定義顯示緩沖區(qū)
uchar codevalue[16]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71}; //字符為0～F
uchar chocode[8]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f};//位選碼表
void? main(void)
{
XBYTE[0x7f03]=0x80;?????? //8255A初始化
while(1)
{
display();?????????????????? //設(shè)顯示函數(shù)
}
}
void? delay(uchar k)???????
{
uchar i,j;
for (i=0;i<k;i++)
for (j=0;j<110;j++);//11.0592M晶振,大約延時1ms
}
/***********顯示函數(shù)***********/
void? display(void)?????? //定義顯示函數(shù)
{
uchar i,p,temp;
for? (i=0;i<8;i++)
{
temp=chocode[i];??????????? //取當(dāng)前的位選碼
XBYTE[0x7f01]=temp;??????? //送出位選碼
p=disbuffer[i];???????????? //取當(dāng)前顯示的字符
temp=codevalue[p];???????? //查得顯示字符的字段碼
XBYTE[0x7f00]=temp;??????? //送出字段碼
delay(2);?????????????????? //延時1ms
}}
10、定時器：產(chǎn)生方波
/********產(chǎn)生周期為500us的方波************/
/********2018/6/23***********/
/********JZ************/
#include<reg51.h>
sbit P1_0=P1^0;
void main()
{
TMOD=0x02;
TH0=0x06;//定時250us,2^8-250us/1us=6
TL0=0x06;
EA=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
while(1);
}
void time0_int(void) interrupt 1
{
P1_0=!P1_0;
}
/*查詢方式
#include<reg51.h>
sbit P1_0=P1^0;
void main()
{
TMOD=0x02;//定時器工作于方式2
TH0=0x06;//定時250us,2^8-250us/1us=6
TL0=0x06;
EA=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
for(; ;)
{
???????? if(TF0)
???????? {
???????? TF0=0;P1_0=!P1_0;}
}
}*/
11、中斷
/********外部中斷0：在單片機(jī)外中斷0引腳接一個單脈沖源作為外部輸入信號，通過發(fā)光二極管顯示中斷次數(shù)************/
/********2018/6/24***********/
/********JZ************/
#include<reg52.h>?
#include<intrins.h>???
#define uint unsigned int?
#define uchar unsigned char
uchar b=0;?
void? delay(uchar k)???????
{
uchar i,j;
for (i=0;i<k;i++)
for (j=0;j<110;j++);//11.0592M晶振,大約延時1ms
}
void main()//主函數(shù)
{
???? P0=0xff; //初始化燈，初始狀態(tài)為全滅
???? INT0==1;//打開外部中斷0
???? EA=1;?? //開總中斷
???? EX0=1;?? //允許中斷0
???????? ?IT0=1;? //設(shè)置外部中斷0邊沿觸發(fā)
???????? ?while(1);
?}
void srv_INT0() interrupt 0??? //中斷服務(wù)程序
{
?? b=b+1;??
?? P0=0xff-b;? //proteus仿真中低電平燈亮，則P0不能直接等于計(jì)數(shù)的b，需要用0xff-b，才能使燈亮滅
?? delay();
?}
總結(jié)
