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对于JDBC的简单理解

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024/7/19 编程问答 29 豆豆

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什么是JDBC？為什么要使用JDBC？

1. JDBC

JDBC是Java DataBase Connectivity的縮寫，即Java程序訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口
使用Java程序訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)，通過JDBC接口來訪問JDBC驅(qū)動來實(shí)現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作
JDBC接口是Java標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫自帶的，可以直接編譯；JDBC驅(qū)動是數(shù)據(jù)庫廠商提供的。因此，訪問某個具體的數(shù)據(jù)庫，只需要引入該廠商提供的JDBC驅(qū)動，就可以通過JDBC接口來訪問

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MySQL還有其他數(shù)據(jù)庫的JDBC驅(qū)動就是我們常說的jar包，jar包也是用Java編寫的，我們編寫的代碼只需要引入Java標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫提供的java.sql包下面的相關(guān)接口，由此再間接地通過MySQL驅(qū)動jar包通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問MySQL服務(wù)器，所有復(fù)雜地網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊都被封裝到JDBC驅(qū)動中，所以運(yùn)行Java程序只需要引入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫地jar包就可以正常訪問MySQL服務(wù)器了

2. JDBC的好處

各數(shù)據(jù)庫廠商使用相同的接口，Java代碼不需要針對不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫分別開發(fā)
Java程序編譯依賴于java.sql包，不依賴于具體數(shù)據(jù)庫的jar包
可以隨時(shí)替換底層數(shù)據(jù)庫，訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的Java代碼基本不變

以下總結(jié)內(nèi)容，來自視頻

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1BJ411L7NR/?p=24

3.JDBC體系結(jié)構(gòu)

JDBC接口包括兩個層面：

面向應(yīng)用的API，供程序員調(diào)用
面向數(shù)據(jù)庫的API，供廠商開發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)庫的驅(qū)動程序

JDBC API
提供者：Java官方
內(nèi)容：供開發(fā)者調(diào)用的接口
java.sql和javax.sql

DriverManager類
Connection接口
Statement接口
ResultSet接口

DriverManager
提供者：Java官方
作用：管理不同的JDBC驅(qū)動

JDBC驅(qū)動
提供者：數(shù)據(jù)庫廠商
作用：負(fù)責(zé)連接不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫

4.JDBC的使用

加載數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動，Java程序和數(shù)據(jù)庫之間的橋梁

獲取Connection，Java程序與數(shù)據(jù)庫的一次連接

創(chuàng)建Statement對象，由Connection對象產(chǎn)生，執(zhí)行SQL語句

如果需要接收返回值，就需要創(chuàng)建ResultSet對象，保存Statement對象執(zhí)行SQL語句查詢之后的結(jié)果

創(chuàng)作挑戰(zhàn)賽新人創(chuàng)作獎勵來咯，堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)作打卡瓜分現(xiàn)金大獎

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简单
JDBC

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