在Linux上安裝MySQL推薦的方法是使用一個(gè)RPM文件。MySQL RPM目前是在一個(gè)
RedHat 5.2 系統(tǒng)上建立的，但是應(yīng)該能工作在支持rpm且使用glibc的其他 Linux 版本上。
如果一個(gè)RPM文件有問(wèn)題，例如Sorry, the host 'xxxx' could not be looked up，

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你可能要使用的RPM文件有：
?1 MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm MySQL服務(wù)器。除非你只是想要與運(yùn)行在其他機(jī)器上MySQL 服務(wù)器連接，否則你將需要它。
?2 MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)MySQL客戶(hù)程序。你可能總是需要安裝這個(gè)包。
?3 MySQL-bench-VERSION.i386.rpm 測(cè)試和基準(zhǔn)程序。需要Perl和msql-mysql-modules RPM。
?4 MySQL-devel-VERSION.i386.rpm 所需的庫(kù)和包含文件。如果你想要編譯其他MySQL客戶(hù) 程序, 例如Perl模塊。
?5 MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm 包含上述所有包的源代碼。它也能被用來(lái)嘗試為其他硬件平臺(tái)構(gòu)造RPM(例如，Alpha或SPARC)。

查看一個(gè)RPM包中的所有文件：
shell> rpm - qpl? MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm
實(shí)施一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的最小安裝，運(yùn)行這個(gè)命令：
shell> rpm -i MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm? MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm
只安裝客戶(hù)包：
shell> rpm -i MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm
RPM將數(shù)據(jù)放在“/var/lib/mysql”里，RPM也在“/etc/rc.d/”里創(chuàng)建適當(dāng)?shù)娜?br /> 口以便在引導(dǎo)時(shí)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)服務(wù)器。（這意味著如果你以前已經(jīng)安裝過(guò)，在對(duì)它改變之前，你可以把你以前安裝的MySQL啟動(dòng)文件做個(gè)拷貝，因此你不會(huì)丟失改動(dòng)）。
在安裝了RPM文件后，“mysqld”守護(hù)程序應(yīng)該正在運(yùn)行，并且現(xiàn)在你應(yīng)該可以開(kāi)始使用MySQL

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（以下是英文介紹）

In most cases, you only need to install the MySQL-server and MySQL-client packages to get a functional MySQL installation. The other packages are not required for a standard installation. If you want to run a MySQL-Max server that has additional capabilities, you should also install the MySQL-Max RPM. However, you should do so only after installing the MySQL-server RPM.

If you get a dependency failure when trying to install the MySQL 4.0 packages (for example, ``error: removing these packages would break dependencies: libmysqlclient.so.10 is needed by ...''), you should also install the package MySQL-shared-compat, which includes both the shared libraries for backward compatibility (libmysqlclient.so.12 for MySQL 4.0 and libmysqlclient.so.10 for MySQL 3.23).

The following RPM packages are available:

MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm The MySQL server. You will need this unless you only want to connect to a MySQL server running on another machine. Note: Server RPM files were called MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm before MySQL 4.0.10. That is, they did not have -server in the name.
MySQL-Max-VERSION.i386.rpm The MySQL-Max server. This server has additional capabilities that the one provided in the MySQL-server RPM does not. You must install the MySQL-server RPM first, because the MySQL-Max RPM depends on it.
MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm The standard MySQL client programs. You probably always want to install this package.
MySQL-bench-VERSION.i386.rpm Tests and benchmarks. Requires Perl and the DBD::mysql module.
MySQL-devel-VERSION.i386.rpm The libraries and include files that are needed if you want to compile other MySQL clients, such as the Perl modules.
MySQL-shared-VERSION.i386.rpm This package contains the shared libraries (libmysqlclient.so*) that certain languages and applications need to dynamically load and use MySQL.
MySQL-shared-compat-VERSION.i386.rpm This package includes the shared libraries for both MySQL 3.23 and MySQL 4.0. Install this package instead of MySQL-shared if you have applications installed that are dynamically linked against MySQL 3.23 but you want to upgrade to MySQL 4.0 without breaking the library dependencies. This package has been available since MySQL 4.0.13.
MySQL-embedded-VERSION.i386.rpm The embedded MySQL server library (from MySQL 4.0).

MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm This contains the source code for all of the previous packages. It can also be used to rebuild the RPMs on other architectures (for example, Alpha or SPARC).

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在大多數(shù)情況下,你只需要安裝MySQL-server和MySQL-client得到一個(gè)功能MySQL軟件包安裝。另一個(gè)包是不需要一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的安裝。如果你想開(kāi)辦一個(gè)MySQL-Max服務(wù)器,有更多的能力,你也應(yīng)該安裝MySQL-Max每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)速。但是,你應(yīng)該這樣做的只是在安裝MySQL-server每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)速。

如果你得到一個(gè)依賴(lài)的失敗嘗試安裝MySQL 4.0軟件(例如,“錯(cuò)誤:移除這些包裹將打破依賴(lài)性:libmysqlclient.so。10需要……”),那么你也應(yīng)該安裝包,它包括MySQL-shared-compat共享庫(kù)(libmysqlclient.so向后兼容性。12 libmysqlclient.so MySQL 4.0。10 MySQL 3.23)。

下面的RPM格式的軟件包可供選擇:

MySQL-server-VERSION.i386。rpm的MySQL服務(wù)器。你需要這樣,除非你只是想連接到一個(gè)MySQL服務(wù)器運(yùn)行在另一臺(tái)機(jī)器上。注意:服務(wù)器文件被稱(chēng)為MySQL-VERSION.i386轉(zhuǎn)速。前4.0.10轉(zhuǎn)0。也就是說(shuō),他們沒(méi)有-服務(wù)器名稱(chēng)。

MySQL-Max-VERSION.i386。MySQL-Max rpm的服務(wù)器。這個(gè)服務(wù)器有額外的能力,這一規(guī)定不MySQL-server轉(zhuǎn)速。你必須安裝MySQL-server RPM第一,因?yàn)镸ySQL-Max RPM取決于它。

MySQL-client-VERSION.i386。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的MySQL客戶(hù)轉(zhuǎn)程序。你可能永遠(yuǎn)要安裝這個(gè)包裹。

MySQL-bench-VERSION.i386。每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)試和基準(zhǔn)。需要Perl和差的:mysql模塊。

MySQL-devel-VERSION.i386。rpm圖書(shū)館和包含文件,如果你想編寫(xiě)需要其他MySQL的客戶(hù),如Perl模塊。

MySQL-shared-VERSION.i386。這個(gè)包包含了rpm共享庫(kù)(libmysqlclient.so *),某些語(yǔ)言和應(yīng)用程序需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)裝載和使用MySQL。

MySQL-shared-compat-VERSION.i386。這個(gè)包包括了rpm共享庫(kù)都3.23和MySQL MySQL 4.0。安裝這個(gè)包裹,而不是MySQL-shared如果你安裝應(yīng)用動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接攻擊,但你需要MySQL 3.23升級(jí)到MySQL 4.0沒(méi)有打破這個(gè)圖書(shū)館的附庸。這個(gè)包裹已經(jīng)問(wèn)世以來(lái)4.0.13 MySQL的。

MySQL-embedded-VERSION.i386。rpm嵌入式MySQL服務(wù)器庫(kù)(從MySQL 4.0)。

MySQL-VERSION.src。這包含轉(zhuǎn)速的源碼,所有以前的包裝。它也可以被用來(lái)重建的rpm軟件將在其他體系結(jié)構(gòu)(例如,阿爾法或SPARC)。

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