Hbase shell 常用命令
為什么80%的碼農都做不了架構師？>>> ??
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下面我們看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了幾個常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：
| 名稱 | 命令表達式 |
| 創建表 | create '表名稱', '列名稱1','列名稱2','列名稱N' |
| 添加記錄??? ?? | put '表名稱', '行名稱', '列名稱:', '值' |
| 查看記錄 | get '表名稱', '行名稱' |
| 查看表中的記錄總數 | count? '表名稱' |
| 刪除記錄 | delete? '表名' ,'行名稱' , '列名稱' |
| 刪除一張表 | 先要屏蔽該表，才能對該表進行刪除，第一步 disable '表名稱' 第二步? drop '表名稱' |
| 查看所有記錄 | scan "表名稱"?? |
| 查看某個表某個列中所有數據 | scan "表名稱" , ['列名稱:'] |
| 更新記錄? | 就是重寫一遍進行覆蓋 |
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下面是一些常見命令的說明，在hbaseshell中輸入help的幫助信息，在本文中，我們先介紹前3個，后面2個，將在下一篇博文中介紹。
COMMAND GROUPS:
? Group name: general
? Commands: status, version
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? Group name: ddl
? Commands: alter, create, describe, disable,drop, enable, exists, is_disabled, is_enabled, list
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? Group name: dml
? Commands: count, delete, deleteall, get,get_counter, incr, put, scan, truncate
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? Group name: tools
? Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer,close_region, compact, flush, major_compact, move, split, unassign, zk_dump
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? Group name: replication
? Commands: add_peer, disable_peer,enable_peer, remove_peer, start_replication, stop_replication
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一、一般操作
1.查詢服務器狀態
hbase(main):024:0>status
3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load
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2.查詢hive版本
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hbase(main):025:0>version
0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011
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二、DDL操作
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1.創建一個表
hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'???
0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds
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2.獲得表的描述
hbase(main):012:0>list
TABLE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
member??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ENABLED???????????????????????????????????????????????
?{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true?????????????????????????????????????????????????
? VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
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3.刪除一個列族，alter，disable，enable
我們之前建了3個列族，但是發現member_id這個列族是多余的，因為他就是主鍵，所以我們要將其刪除。
hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}
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ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.
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報錯，刪除列族的時候必須先將表給disable掉。
hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'??????????????????????????????????
0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds
hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}
0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ENABLED???????????????????????????????????????????????
?{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false?????????????????????????????????????????????????
? VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
該列族已經刪除，我們繼續將表enable
hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'??
0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds
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4.列出所有的表
hbase(main):028:0>list
TABLE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
member??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
temp_table??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
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5.drop一個表
hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds
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hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds
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6.查詢表是否存在
hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'
Table member doesexist?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds
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7.判斷表是否enable
hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'
true????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds
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8.判斷表是否disable
hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'
false???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds
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三、DML操作
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1.插入幾條記錄
put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'
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put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'?
put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'
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2.獲取一條數據
獲取一個id的所有數據
hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?address:city???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?address:contry?????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239126, value=china???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?address:province???????????????????????timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:birthday??????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:company???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds
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獲取一個id，一個列族的所有數據
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:birthday??????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:company???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds
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獲取一個id，一個列族中一個列的所有數據
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'?
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds
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6.更新一條記錄
將scutshuxue的年齡改成99
hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'
0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds
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hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'?
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586571843, value=99??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds
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3.通過timestamp來獲取兩個版本的數據
hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds
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hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586571843, value=99??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds
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4.全表掃描：
hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'
ROW?????????????????????????????????????COLUMN+CELL????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang???????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue????????????????????????????? column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?temp???????????????????????????????????column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds
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5.刪除id為temp的值的‘info:age’字段
hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
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6.刪除整行
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hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'
0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds
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7.查詢表中有多少行：
hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'????????????????????????????????????????
2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
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8.給‘xiaofeng’這個id增加'info:age'字段，并使用counter實現遞增
hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'????????????????????
COUNTER VALUE = 1
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hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds
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hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
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hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?
COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02????????????????????????????????????????????????????
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
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獲取當前count的值
hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?
COUNTER VALUE = 2
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9.將整張表清空：
hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'
Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):
?- Disabling table...
?- Dropping table...
?- Creating table...
0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds
可以看出，hbase是先將掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表來實現truncate的功能的。
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轉載于:https://my.oschina.net/sunzy/blog/175922
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