sql server 2005中新增加的try catch，可以很容易捕捉異常了

基本用法：

begin try
???? {? sql_statement |
?statement_block? }
end try
begin catch
???? {? sql_statement |
?statement_block }
end catch

注意：sql server只捕捉那些不是嚴重的異常，當比如數據庫不能連接等這類異常時，是不能捕捉的一個例子：

BEGIN TRY
?SELECT 1/0;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
?SELECT
?ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
?ERROR_SEVERITY() AS ErrorSeverity,
?ERROR_STATE() AS ErrorState,
?ERROR_PROCEDURE() AS ErrorProcedure,
?ERROR_LINE() AS ErrorLine,
?ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
?

另外try catch可以嵌套

begin try
? delete from grandparent where name = 'john smith'
? print 'grandparent deleted successfully'
end try
begin catch
?? print 'error deleting grandparent record'
?? begin try
???? delete from parent where grandparentid =
???? (select distinct id from grandparent where name = 'john smith')
???? print 'parent deleted successfully'
?? end try
?? begin catch
???? print 'error deleting parent'
???? begin try
?????? delete from child where parentid =
???? (select distinct id from parent where grandparentid =
???? (select distinct id from grandparent where name = 'john smith'))
?????? print 'child deleted successfully'
???? end try

???? begin catch
?????? print 'error deleting child'
???? end catch
?? end catch
?end catch

另外，sql server 2005在異常機制中，提供了error類的方法方便調試，現摘抄如下：

error_number(): returns a number associated with the error.

error_severity(): returns the severity of the error

.error_state(): returns the error state number associated with the error.

error_procedure(): returns the name of the stored procedure or trigger in which the error occurred.

error_line(): returns the line number inside the failing routine that caused the error.

error_message(): returns the complete text of the error message. the text includes the values supplied for any substitutable parameters, such as lengths, object names, or times.

最后舉例子如下，使用了error類的方法

BEGIN TRY
?SELECT 1/0;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
?SELECT
?ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
?ERROR_SEVERITY() AS ErrorSeverity,
?ERROR_STATE() AS ErrorState,
?ERROR_PROCEDURE() AS ErrorProcedure,
?ERROR_LINE() AS ErrorLine,
?ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;
END CATCH;
?

print 'command after try/catch blocks'

輸出error detected

err_num err_sev err_state err_proc???????????? err_line? err_msg
------- ------- --------- -------------------- --------- --------------------------------
8134??????? 16????????? 1 null???????????????? 4??????? divide by zero error encountered.

總結

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