?????? 普里姆算法（Prim算法），圖論中的一種算法，可在加權(quán)連通圖里搜索最小生成樹。意即由此算法搜索到的邊子集所構(gòu)成的樹中，不但包括了連通圖里的所有頂點(diǎn)（英語：Vertex (graph theory)），且其所有邊的權(quán)值之和亦為最小。該算法于1930年由捷克數(shù)學(xué)家沃伊捷赫·亞爾尼克（英語：Vojtěch Jarník）發(fā)現(xiàn)；并在1957年由美國計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家羅伯特·普里姆（英語：Robert C. Prim）獨(dú)立發(fā)現(xiàn)；1959年，艾茲格·迪科斯徹再次發(fā)現(xiàn)了該算法。因此，在某些場合，普里姆算法又被稱為DJP算法、亞爾尼克算法或普里姆－亞爾尼克算法。

——來自百度百科

當(dāng)我們將Prim算法用于迷宮生成時(shí)，情況有些不同，維基百科中給出了隨機(jī)Prim迷宮生成算法的解釋及實(shí)現(xiàn)過程：

Randomized Prim's algorithm

This algorithm is a randomized version of Prim's algorithm.

Start with a grid full of walls.

Pick a cell, mark it as part of the maze. Add the walls of the cell to the wall list.

While there are walls in the list:

Pick a random wall from the list. If the cell on the opposite side isn't in the maze yet:

Make the wall a passage and mark the cell on the opposite side as part of the maze.

Add the neighboring walls of the cell to the wall list.

Remove the wall from the list.

It will usually be relatively easy to find the way to the starting cell, but hard to find the way anywhere else.

Note that simply running classical Prim's on a graph with random edge weights would create mazes stylistically identical to Kruskal's, because they are both minimal spanning tree algorithms. Instead, this algorithm introduces stylistic variation because the edges closer to the starting point have a lower effective weight.

我們將算法實(shí)現(xiàn)部分翻譯成中文

讓迷宮全都是墻.。

選一個格，作為迷宮的通路，然后把它的鄰墻放入列表.。

當(dāng)列表里還有墻時(shí):

從列表里隨機(jī)選一個墻，如果它對面的格子不是迷宮的通路:

把墻打通，讓對面的格子成為迷宮的通路.。

把那個格子的鄰墻加入列表。

如果對面的格子已經(jīng)是通路了，那就從列表里移除這面墻。

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?????? 簡單研究算法實(shí)現(xiàn)過程我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，Prim算法就是不斷地從所有可以是通路的位置中隨意選一個挖洞，直到?jīng)]有可能為通路的位置。

?????? 整個實(shí)現(xiàn)過程還是相當(dāng)于隨意為路線附權(quán)值的Prim算法。

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下面我們來做C#下的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)：

/// <summary> /// 普利姆迷宮生成法 /// </summary> /// <param name="startX">起始點(diǎn)X坐標(biāo)</param> /// <param name="startY">起始點(diǎn)Y坐標(biāo)</param> /// <param name="widthLimit">迷宮寬度</param> /// <param name="heightLimit">迷宮高度</param> /// <param name="haveBorder">迷宮是否含有墻</param> private int[,] Prim(int startX, int startY, int widthLimit, int heightLimit,bool haveBorder) {//block:不可通行 unBlock:可通行const int block = 0,unBlock = 1;var r=new Random();//迷宮尺寸合法化if (widthLimit < 1)widthLimit = 1;if (heightLimit < 1)heightLimit = 1;//迷宮起點(diǎn)合法化if (startX < 0 || startX >= widthLimit)startX = r.Next(0, widthLimit);if (startY < 0 || startY >= heightLimit)startY = r.Next(0, heightLimit);//減去邊框所占的格子if (!haveBorder){widthLimit--;heightLimit--;}//迷宮尺寸換算成帶墻尺寸widthLimit *= 2;heightLimit *= 2;//迷宮起點(diǎn)換算成帶墻起點(diǎn)startX *= 2;startY *= 2;if (haveBorder){startX++;startY++;}//產(chǎn)生空白迷宮var mazeMap = new int[widthLimit + 1, heightLimit + 1];for (int x = 0; x <= widthLimit; x++){//mazeMap.Add(new BitArray(heightLimit + 1));for (int y = 0; y <= heightLimit; y++){mazeMap[x, y] = block;}}//鄰墻列表var blockPos = new List<int>();//將起點(diǎn)作為目標(biāo)格int targetX = startX, targetY = startY;//將起點(diǎn)標(biāo)記為通路mazeMap[targetX, targetY] = unBlock;//記錄鄰墻if (targetY > 1){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX, targetY - 1, 0 });}if (targetX < widthLimit){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX + 1, targetY, 1 });}if (targetY < heightLimit){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX, targetY + 1, 2 });}if (targetX > 1){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX - 1, targetY, 3 });}while (blockPos.Count > 0){//隨機(jī)選一堵墻var blockIndex = r.Next(0, blockPos.Count / 3) * 3;//找到墻對面的墻if (blockPos[blockIndex + 2] == 0){targetX = blockPos[blockIndex];targetY = blockPos[blockIndex + 1] - 1;}else if (blockPos[blockIndex + 2] == 1){targetX = blockPos[blockIndex] + 1;targetY = blockPos[blockIndex + 1];}else if (blockPos[blockIndex + 2] == 2){targetX = blockPos[blockIndex];targetY = blockPos[blockIndex + 1] + 1;}else if (blockPos[blockIndex + 2] == 3){targetX = blockPos[blockIndex] - 1;targetY = blockPos[blockIndex + 1];}//如果目標(biāo)格未連通if (mazeMap[targetX, targetY] == block){//聯(lián)通目標(biāo)格mazeMap[blockPos[blockIndex], blockPos[blockIndex + 1]] = unBlock;mazeMap[targetX, targetY] = unBlock;//添加目標(biāo)格相鄰格if (targetY > 1 && mazeMap[targetX, targetY - 1] == block && mazeMap[targetX, targetY - 2] == block){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX, targetY - 1, 0 });}if (targetX < widthLimit && mazeMap[targetX + 1, targetY] == block && mazeMap[targetX + 2, targetY] == block){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX + 1, targetY, 1 });}if (targetY < heightLimit && mazeMap[targetX, targetY + 1] == block && mazeMap[targetX, targetY + 2] == block){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX, targetY + 1, 2 });}if (targetX > 1 && mazeMap[targetX - 1, targetY] == block && mazeMap[targetX - 1, targetY] == block){blockPos.AddRange(new int[] { targetX - 1, targetY, 3 });}}blockPos.RemoveRange(blockIndex, 3);}return mazeMap; }

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/WayneShao/p/5890379.html

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