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問題提出：對于普通應用程序，我們很多時候會將窗口最小化到系統托盤。當我們點擊這個托盤圖標時，可能會彈出一些友好的提示界面，可以恰當的進行一些操作。
一般情況下，我們可能粗暴的將這個友好提示界面放置在桌面的右下角，對于XP，這是OK的，因為XP不允許我們將任務欄拖動到桌面的上、左、右三個方向，
只允許停靠下桌面的最下方，但是對于win7，我們便需要考慮到其它三個方向，再根據這個方向確定好提示界面放的位置。那么，如何獲得任務欄的位置及相關信息？
windows提供了相關和API進行操作。

UINT_PTR SHAppBarMessage(
DWORD dwMessage,
PAPPBARDATA pData
);
其中
dwMessage為發送給system的消息。
pData為一個APPBARDATA結構體，用于存儲發送或者返回的數據。

dwMessage只能為以下的其中一個值。
ABM_ACTIVATE：告知系統任務欄被激活。
ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR：查詢任務欄是否是自動隱藏(前提是要給出任務欄停靠的位置)。
ABM_GETSTATE：查詢任務欄自動隱藏和總是牌處于頂層的狀態。
ABM_GETTASKBARPOS：獲取任務欄的邊界矩形位置。
ABM_QUERYPOS：請求任務欄的位置。(上、下、左、右)
其它狀態略。
ABM_NEW、ABM_REMOVE、ABM_SETAUTOHIDEBAR、ABM_SETPOS、ABM_SETSTATE、ABM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED

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[csharp]?view plaincopy

typedef?struct?_AppBarData?{??

????DWORD?cbSize;?????????????//?The?size?of?the?structure,?in?bytes.???

????HWND?hWnd;????????????????//?The?handle?to?the?appbar?window.???

????UINT?uCallbackMessage;????//?An?application-defined?message?identifier.This?member?is?used?when?sending?the?ABM_NEW?message.???

????UINT?uEdge;???????????????//?邊界位置，有4種：ABE_BOTTOM、ABE_LEFT、ABE_RIGHT、ABE_TOP??

????RECT?rc;??????????????????//?任務欄的邊界矩形位置。??

????LPARAM?lParam;????????????//?This?member?is?used?with?the?ABM_SETAUTOHIDEBAR?and?ABM_SETSTATE?messages.???

}?APPBARDATA,?*PAPPBARDATA;??

一個簡單的C++代碼：

?

?

[csharp]?view plaincopy

HWND?hwnd?=?FindWindow(L"Shell_TrayWnd",?L"");??

????if?(hwnd?!=?NULL)??

????{??

????????APPBARDATA?abd?=?{?sizeof(APPBARDATA)?};??

????????abd.hWnd?=?hwnd;??

????????BOOL?bRt?=?SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETTASKBARPOS,?&abd);????//?此處能夠獲取位置和矩形??

????????UINT?uState?=?(UINT)?SHAppBarMessage(ABM_GETSTATE,?&abd);???//?此處也可以使用ABM_GETAUTOHIDEBAR來獲取??

????????if?(0?==?uState)??

????????{??

????????????//?0:?Taskbar?is?neither?in?the?auto-hide?nor?always-on-top?state.??

????????????//?1:?ABS_AUTOHIDE?The?taskbar?is?in?the?auto-hide?state.???

????????????//?2:?ABS_ALWAYSONTOP?The?taskbar?is?in?the?always-on-top?state.???

????????}??

????????...??

????}??

C#代碼：

?

功能：
1. 獲取taskbar的位置
2. 計算出所放窗口的位置

[csharp]?view plaincopy

首先需要引入API及相關宏和結構體：??

????????[DllImport("shell32.dll")]??

????????public?static?extern?IntPtr?SHAppBarMessage(uint?dwMessage,?ref?APPBARDATA?pData);??

??

????????public?enum?AppBarMessages??

????????{??

????????????New??????????????=?0x00000000,??

????????????Remove???????????=?0x00000001,??

????????????QueryPos?????????=?0x00000002,??

????????????SetPos???????????=?0x00000003,??

????????????GetState?????????=?0x00000004,??

????????????GetTaskBarPos????=?0x00000005,??

????????????Activate?????????=?0x00000006,??

????????????GetAutoHideBar???=?0x00000007,??

????????????SetAutoHideBar???=?0x00000008,??

????????????WindowPosChanged?=?0x00000009,??

????????????SetState?????????=?0x0000000a??

????????}??

??

????????[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]??

????????public?struct?RECT??

????????{??

????????????public?int?_Left;??

????????????public?int?_Top;??

????????????public?int?_Right;??

????????????public?int?_Bottom;??

????????}??

??

????????[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]??

????????public?struct?APPBARDATA??

????????{??

????????????public?int????cbSize;??

????????????public?IntPtr?hWnd;??

????????????public?uint???uCallbackMessage;??

????????????public?uint???uEdge;??

????????????public?RECT???rc;??

????????????public?int????lParam;??

????????}??

??

????????public?enum?AppBarStates??

????????{??

????????????AutoHide????=?0x00000001,??

????????????AlwaysOnTop?=?0x00000002??

????????}??

??

????????public?enum?AppBarEdge??

????????{??

????????????ABE_LEFT????=?0,??

????????????ABE_TOP?????=?1,??

????????????ABE_RIGHT???=?2,??

????????????ABE_BOTTOM??=?3??

????????}??

??

????????///?<summary>??

????????///?Retrieve?current?task?bar's?position?info.??

????????///?</summary>??

????????///?<param?name="taskbarRect">Current?task?bar's?rectangle.</param>??

????????///?<param?name="eTaskbarEdge">Current?task?bar's?edge.</param>??

????????///?<param?name="eTaskbarState">Current?task?bar's?state.</param>??

????????public?void?GetTaskbarPosInfo(??

????????????ref?Rectangle?taskbarRect,???

????????????ref?Win32API.AppBarEdge?eTaskbarEdge,??

????????????ref?Win32API.AppBarStates?eTaskbarState)??

????????{??

????????????eTaskbarState?=?Win32API.AppBarStates.AlwaysOnTop;??//?Init?default?state??

??

????????????IntPtr?hTaskBarWnd?=?Win32API.FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd",?"");??

????????????if?(hTaskBarWnd?!=?null)??

????????????{??

????????????????Win32API.APPBARDATA?abd?=?new?Win32API.APPBARDATA();??

????????????????abd.cbSize?=?Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Win32API.APPBARDATA));??

????????????????Win32API.SHAppBarMessage((uint)(Win32API.AppBarMessages.GetTaskBarPos),?ref?abd);??

????????????????eTaskbarEdge?=?(Win32API.AppBarEdge)(abd.uEdge);??

??

????????????????IntPtr?hTmpWnd?=?Win32API.SHAppBarMessage((uint)(Win32API.AppBarMessages.GetAutoHideBar),?ref?abd);??

????????????????if?(0?!=?hTmpWnd.ToInt64())??

????????????????{??

????????????????????eTaskbarState?=?Win32API.AppBarStates.AutoHide;??

????????????????}??

??

????????????????taskbarRect?=?Rectangle.FromLTRB(abd.rc._Left,?abd.rc._Top,?abd.rc._Right,?abd.rc._Bottom);??

????????????}??

????????}??

??

????????///?<summary>??

????????///?Initialize?the?popup?window's?position.???

????????///?</summary>??

????????///?<returns></returns>??

????????private?void?InitialPosition()??

????????{??

????????????Rectangle?taskbarRect?=?new?Rectangle();??

????????????Win32API.AppBarEdge?eTaskbarEdge?=?new?Win32API.AppBarEdge();??

????????????Win32API.AppBarStates?eTaskbarState?=?new?Win32API.AppBarStates();??

????????????Win32API.GetTaskbarPosInfo(ref?taskbarRect,?ref?eTaskbarEdge,?ref?eTaskbarState);??

??

????????????int?nSceenWidth?=?(int)Math.Ceiling(SystemParameters.VirtualScreenWidth);??

????????????int?nSceenHeight?=?(int)Math.Ceiling(SystemParameters.VirtualScreenHeight);??

??

????????????//?Whether?current?UI?language?is?Middle?East?country?language.??

????????????//?Because?the?Middle?East?country'?user?is?right?handed,?so?the?popup?window's?position???

????????????//?is?different?with?normal?when?task?bar?is?in?TOP?and?BOTTOM?status.??

????????????bool?isMiddleEastLanguage?=?IsMiddleEastLanguage();??

????????????bool?isTaskBarHide?=?(Win32API.AppBarStates.AutoHide?==?eTaskbarState)???true?:?false;??

??

????????????switch?(eTaskbarEdge)??

????????????{??

????????????????case?Win32API.AppBarEdge.ABE_LEFT:??

????????????????????this.Left?=?isTaskBarHide???taskbarRect.Left?:?(taskbarRect.Right);??

????????????????????this.Top?=?nSceenHeight?-?this.Height;??

????????????????????break;??

????????????????case?Win32API.AppBarEdge.ABE_TOP:??

????????????????????this.Left?=?!isMiddleEastLanguage???(taskbarRect.Right?-?this.Width)?:?taskbarRect.Left;??

????????????????????this.Top?=?isTaskBarHide???taskbarRect.Top?:?(taskbarRect.Bottom);??

????????????????????break;??

????????????????case?Win32API.AppBarEdge.ABE_RIGHT:??

????????????????????this.Left?=?isTaskBarHide???(taskbarRect.Right?-?this.Width)?:?(taskbarRect.Left?-?this.Width);??

????????????????????this.Top?=?(nSceenHeight?-?this.Height)/*(1?==?rightHanded)???(nSceenHeight?-?this.Height)?:?(0)*/;??

????????????????????break;??

????????????????default:??

????????????????????this.Left?=?!isMiddleEastLanguage???(taskbarRect.Right?-?this.Width)?:?taskbarRect.Left;??

????????????????????this.Top?=?isTaskBarHide???(taskbarRect.Bottom?-?this.Height)?:?(taskbarRect.Top?-?this.Height);??

????????????????????break;??

????????????}??

????????}??

??

????????///?<summary>??

????????///?Whether?the?current?UI?culture?is?middle?country?or?not.??

????????///?</summary>??

????????///?<returns>Return?true?or?false.</returns>??

????????private?bool?IsMiddleEastLanguage()??

????????{??

????????????string?cultureName?=?System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture.Name;??

????????????string?mainLanguage?=?cultureName.Substring(0,?2);??

????????????if?(mainLanguage.Equals("ar")?||?mainLanguage.Equals("he"))??

????????????{??

????????????????return?true;??

????????????}??

????????????return?false;??

????????}??

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/qingtianhua/p/3480816.html

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