apache+tomcat的架构
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apache+tomcat的架构
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apache+tomcat的架構
===================================
keepalived實現apache的高可用
在tomcat上搭建JspRun論壇
apache三種方式實現tomcat的反向代理
apache三種方式實現tomcat的負載均衡
===================================
環境：
OS：Centos 6.x(redhat 6.x)
yum源:
[centos] name=sohu-centos baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch gpgcheck=1 enable=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 [epel] name=sohu-epel baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/$releasever/$basearch/ enable=1 gpgcheck=0拓撲圖：
拓撲圖的規劃：
IP 地址 | 所需安裝軟件 | |
apache1 | Eth0:172.16.22.1 VIP1：172.16.22.100 | Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
apache2 | Eth0:172.16.22.2 VIP1：172.16.22.100 | Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
tomcat1 | Eth0:172.16.22.3 | Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
tomcat2 | Eth0:172.16.22.4 | Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
mysql1 | Eth0:172.16.22.5 VIP2：172.16.22.200 | Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
mysql2 | Eth0:172.16.22.6 VIP2：172.16.22.200 | Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
部分軟件下載
需解決的問題：
防止apache單點故障?
keepalived+apache實現apache的高可用
防止mysql單點故障?
corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd實現mysql的高可用
apache做tomcat反向代理的三種方式？
用三種模塊mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪種就開啟哪種的模塊即可
apache做tomcat負載均衡的三種方式？
用三種模塊mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪種就開啟哪種的模塊且還要開啟負載均衡的模塊，以及負載均衡算法的模塊
apache怎么連接tomcat?
mod_proxy模塊
mod_proxy_ajp模塊
前面兩種模塊直接在配置文件里面加載即可，就可以連接tomcat
mod_jk模塊 用這個模塊還要安裝apache連接tomcat的連接器，tomcat-connectors這個軟件包
tomcat怎么連接mysql?
每個連接mysql的軟件包都要安裝相應的連接mysql的驅動，tomcat連接mysql的驅動的軟件包是mysql-connector-java
怎么實現session的會話保持？
實現session會話保持的方法有很多，tomcat自身也可以保持session，這種保持會話就是運維人員的工作了，運維人員直接在tomcat的配置文件中實現，用memcached或者redis保持session，memcached保持session有一定的缺陷，即memcached服務掛了，會話還是丟失了，但是memcached直接把session保存在內存中，所以速度可想而知，redis可以永久的保存session，這種保存session需要開發人員在開發中程序中自己定義，還有可以把session保存在數據庫中，這種也是需要用程序定義，session如何保存，不同公司有不同的方法，保存在哪里還是需要運維人員和開發人員共同探討合作。
一、每個服務器相關軟件的安裝
apache1上相關軟件的安裝：
#================yum安裝keepalived====================================== [root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived #================源碼編譯安裝httpd-2.4.6================================ [root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2 [root@jie1 ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2 [root@jie1 ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.6.tar.bz2 #===========安裝開發庫，和依賴性包====================================== [root@jie1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development" [root@jie1 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel #=============編譯安裝apr軟件=========================================== [root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-1.4.6 [root@jie1 apr-1.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install #================編譯安裝apr-util軟件包================================= [root@jie1 ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.2 [root@jie1 apr-util-1.5.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && make && make install #=================編譯安裝httpd的軟件包================================ [root@jie1 ~]# cd httpd-2.4.6 [root@jie1 httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event && make && make install #============復制源碼包里面提供的httpd的SystemV腳本===================== [root@jie1 ~]# cp httpd-2.4.6/build/rpm/httpd.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd [root@jie1 ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd #==============vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd ============================= prog=httpd httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd} pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/${prog}.pid} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/${prog}} RETVAL=0 # check for 1.3 configuration check13 () {CONFFILE=/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #====================================================================== [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd start Starting httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd [root@jie1 ~]# chkconfig httpd on #==============編譯安裝使用mod_jk模塊連接tomcat的連接器================= [root@jie1 ~]# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz [root@jie1 ~]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/ [root@jie1 native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs && make && make install
apache2：與apache1要安裝相關的軟件、安裝方法都是一樣的，這里不再贅述
tomcat1上相關軟件的安裝：
[root@jie3 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz JspRun!_6.0.0_GBK.zip install.log mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz install.log.syslog #===================安裝jdk，修改環境變量========================= [root@jie3 ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm [root@jie3 ~]# vim/etc/profile.d/java.sh export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@jie3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh #===================安裝tomcat，修改環境變量===================== [root@jie3 ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@jie3 local]#ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.42 tomcat [root@jie3 local]# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat export PATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@jie3 local]# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh #==================安裝連接mysql的驅動=========================== [root@jie3 local]# cd /root/ [root@jie3 ~]# tar xf mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz [root@jie3 ~]# cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.16 [root@jie3 mysql-connector-java-5.1.16]# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.16-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
tomcat2：與tomcat1安裝相關的軟件、安裝方法都是一樣的，這里也不再贅述
mysql1與mysql2就是用corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd實現mysql的高可用，這里不做詳細的安裝 請點擊這里(詳解mysql的高可用)
二、keepalived實現apache的高可用
apache1的配置：
#=====================修改keepalived的配置實現httpd的高可用=========== [root@jie1 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/ [root@jie1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs {notification_email {sysadmin@firewall.loc}notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.locsmtp_server 127.0.0.1smtp_connect_timeout 30router_id LVS_DEVEL } vrrp_script chk_httpd {script "killall -0 httpd"interval 0weghit -2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTERinterface eth0virtual_router_id 22priority 100advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass 1111}virtual_ipaddress {172.16.22.100}track_script {chk_httpd } } #====================copy配置文件到apache2上面======================== [root@jie1 keepalived]#scp keepalived.conf 172.16.22.2:/etc/keepalived [root@jie1 keepalived]# service keepalived start Starting keepalived: [ OK ] [root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived [root@jie1 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on
apache2的相關配置：
#=====================修改來著apache1的keepalived的配置文件=========== [root@jie2 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/ [root@jie2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.confstate BACKUPpriority 99 [root@jie2 keepalived]# service keepalived start Starting keepalived: [ OK ] [root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig --add keepalived [root@jie2 keepalived]# chkconfig keepalived on
測試apache的高可用：
#=============查看vip在apache1節點上================================= [root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0 #===vip為172.16.22.100== #===========殺死httpd的服務進程，發現vip已經漂移================= [root@jie1 conf]# killall httpd [root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0 #=============查看vip已經漂移到apache2節點上======================= [root@jie2 ~]# ip addr show | grep eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0 #=======在apache1上面重新開啟http服務，vip已經重新漂移到apache1上===== [root@jie1 conf]# service httpd start Starting httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 conf]# ip addr show | grep eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000inet 172.16.22.1/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0inet 172.16.22.100/32 scope global eth0 [root@jie1 conf]#
成功測試，當apache服務的進程死掉后，vip可以漂移
三、tomcat服務器測試與mysql的連接
tomcat1的配置：
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/ [root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml #=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相關配置=================== <Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" /> #監聽的端口改為了80<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" > #defaultHost把默認的localhost改為了新建的主機名<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"resourceName="UserDatabase"/></Realm><Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/test"unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"><Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" /> #新建了一個虛擬主機，站點和網頁文件存放在/tomcat/test目錄下<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /></Host></Engine> ================================部分配置文件========================== #=========利用catalina重啟tomcat=========================== [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar #==============創建網頁根目錄和測試連接數據庫的網頁文件=============== #===============博主只是測試了tomcat1上的，各位朋友也可以測試tomcat2上 [root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test [root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/ [root@jie3 test]# vim test.jsp <%@ page language="java" %> <%@ page import="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" %> <%@ page import="java.sql.*" %> <% String driverName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"; String userName="jie"; String userPasswd="jie123"; String dbName="test"; String url="jdbc:mysql://172.16.22.200/"+dbName+"?user="+userName+"&password="+userPasswd; Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); try {Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url);out.println("TomcatA, tomcat connect mysql is ok!");connection.close(); } catch( Exception e ) {out.println( "connent mysql error:" + e ); } %> ====================================================================== #==============在mysql上授權能訪問數據庫的網段============== [root@jie4 ~]# mysql mysql> grant all on *.* to 'jie'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jie123'; mysql> flush privileges;
測試新建的test.jsp測試文件是否可以mysql的連接
測試tomcat連接數據庫is ok！
在tomcat安裝Jsprun論壇
#=================解壓論壇，把論壇的文件存放到網頁存放路徑中============= [root@jie3 ~]# unzip JspRun\!_6.0.0_GBK.zip [root@jie3 ~]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/bbs [root@jie3 ~]#cp -rp upload/* /tomcat/bbs/ [root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/ [root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml #=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相關配置=================== <Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" /> #之前已經把監聽的端口改為了80<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.bbs.com" > #defaultHost改為新建的論壇的虛擬主機名<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"resourceName="UserDatabase"/></Realm><Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/bbs"unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"><Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/bbs" /> #再新建了一個虛擬主機，站點和網頁文件存放在/tomcat/bbs目錄下<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /></Host></Engine> #===默認的虛擬主機還有www.test.com的虛擬主機的配置文件沒給予顯示 ================================部分配置文件========================== #=========利用catalina重啟tomcat=========================== [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar ======================================================================= #==================在數據庫上面創建，Jsprun論壇的數據庫============= [root@jie4 ~]# mysql mysql> create database jsprun; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec) mysql> grant all on jsprun.* to 'jspuser'@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'jspmypass'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
用瀏覽器安裝Jsprun論壇
論壇已經安裝成功
四、apache三種方式實現tomcat的反向代理
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：兩邊的配置都是一樣
[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #==========開啟相應的模塊，然后添加以下參數============================ LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so ProxyVia On ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy *>Order deny,allowAllow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass / http://172.16.22.3:80/ ProxyPa***everse / http://172.16.22.3:80/ ====================================================================== [root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t Syntax OK [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload Reloading httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：兩邊的配置都是一樣
兩邊都需要創建/tomcat/test目錄和index.jsp文件
兩邊的配置文件都必須一樣
[root@jie3 ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/ [root@jie3 conf]# vim server.xml #=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相關配置=================== <Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" /> #監聽的端口改為了80<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.test.com" > #defaultHost把默認的localhost改為了新建的主機名<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"resourceName="UserDatabase"/></Realm><Host name="www.test.com" appBase="/tomcat/test"unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"><Context path="" docBase="/tomcat/test" /> #新建了一個虛擬主機，站點和網頁文件存放在/tomcat/test目錄下<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"prefix="test_access_log." suffix=".txt"pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" /></Host></Engine> ================================部分配置文件========================== #=========利用catalina重啟tomcat=========================== [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar [root@jie3 conf]# catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar #==============創建網頁根目錄和測試連接數據庫的網頁文件=============== [root@jie3 conf]#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test [root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/ [root@jie3 test]# vim index.jsp #=============測試頁面============================================== <%@ page language="java" %> <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <html><head><title>JSP test page.</title></head><body><% out.println("Hello,tomcat1,jie3!"); %></body> </html>
博主只測試了tomcat1的反向代理
2)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2的配置：
只需小小修改apache的配置文件中
[root@jie1 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #==========開啟相應的模塊，然后添加以下參數============================ LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so ProxyVia On ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy *>Order deny,allowAllow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/ ProxyPa***everse / ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/ ====================================================================== [root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t Syntax OK [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload Reloading httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
tomcat1&tomcat2不需要修改
博主只測試了tomcat2的反向代理
3)mod_jk
之前已經說過，apache要使用mod_jk模塊做tomcat的反向代理則必須安裝連接tomcat的連接器，連接器已經安裝
apache1&apache2的配置：
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ [root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #=========注釋掉之前開啟的模塊，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模塊添加的內容也注釋掉，只添加一句===================== #LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so #LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so #LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so #LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf [root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel debug JkMount /* TomcatA JkMount /status/ stat1 [root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties worker.list=TomcatA,stat1 worker.TomcatA.port=8009 worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3 worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1 worker.stat1.type = status [root@jie1 extra]#[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ [root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so #========= Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf [root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel debug JkMount /* TomcatA JkMount /status/ stat1 [root@jie1 extra]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties worker.list=TomcatA,stat1 worker.TomcatA.port=8009 worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3 worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1 worker.stat1.type = status [root@jie1 extra]#tomcat1&tomcat2不需要修改
測試mod_jk模式為tomcat1反向代理
自此apache三種方式實現反向代理已經ok了
五、apache三種方式實現tomcat的負載均衡
三種反向代理與三種負載均衡都是以這三種模塊mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，只不過每種方式都需要用到負載均衡的模塊
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：兩邊的配置都是一樣
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ [root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #=======================開啟這些模塊，和添加以下內容=================== LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so ProxyRequests Off ProxyVia On ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyRequests Off <proxy balancer://jie> BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.3:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA BalancerMember ajp://172.16.22.4:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic </proxy> ProxyPass / balancer://jie/ stickysession=jsessionid ProxyPa***everse / balancer://jie/ ======================================================================= [root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t Syntax OK [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload Reloading httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：兩邊的配置基本都是一樣
測試mod_proxy的負載均衡
1)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2上的配置：兩邊的配置都是一樣
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ [root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #=======================開啟這些模塊，和添加以下內容=================== LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so ProxyRequests Off ProxyVia On ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy balancer://jie> BalancerMember http://172.16.22.3:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA BalancerMember http://172.16.22.4:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic </Proxy> ProxyPass / balancer://jie/ ProxyPa***everse / balancer://jie/ <Proxy *> Require all granted </Proxy> <Location / > Require all granted </Location> ======================================================================= [root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t Syntax OK [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload Reloading httpd: [ OK ] [root@jie1 ~]#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
tomcat1&tomcat2上不用修改
測試mod_proxy_ajp模塊的負載均衡
3)mod_jk
apache1&apache2上的配置：兩邊的配置都是一樣
[root@jie1 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ [root@jie1 conf]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf #=========注釋掉一些之前開啟的模塊，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模塊添加的內容也注釋掉，只添加一句===================== #LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so #LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so #LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so #LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so Include /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf [root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf ======================================== LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel debug JkMount /* jie JkMount /jkstatus/ stat1 ======================================== [root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties ======================================== worker.list = jie,stat1 worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13 worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.22.3 worker.TomcatA.port = 8009 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 5 worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13 worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.22.4 worker.TomcatB.port = 8009 worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 5 worker.jie.type = lb worker.jie.method = R worker.jie.sticky_session = 0 worker.jie.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB worker.stat1.type = status ======================================== [root@jie1 ~]# httpd -t Syntax OK [root@jie1 ~]# service httpd reload Reloading httpd: [ OK ] #==================可以把修改的這些文件復制到apache2上=================tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置文件不必修改，在新建一個測試頁
[root@jie3 conf]# cd /tomcat/test/ [root@jie3 test]# vim session.jsp #=======================session的測試頁面============================== <%@ page language="java" %> <html><head><title>TomcatA</title></head><body><h1><font color="green">TomcatA </font></h1><table align="centre" border="1"><tr><td>Session ID</td><% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %><td><%= session.getId() %></td></tr><tr><td>Created on</td><td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td></tr></table></body> </html> ========================================================================
測試mod_jk模塊的負載均衡
補充：
在apache1&apache2修改配置文件的這個參數
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0 #實現將用戶session與某worker綁定
此參數設置以后，來著同一個IP的訪問一段時間內始終代理給后端的同一個tomcat上
測試結果：
此致，apache+tomcat的架構已經完成，請各位博友多多指點
轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/litaotao/1303981
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