concurrent: Callable用法
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concurrent: Callable用法
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轉載自: http://auguslee.iteye.com/blog/1292335
Callable 和 Runnable 的使用方法大同小異, 區別在于:1.Callable 使用 call() 方法, Runnable 使用 run() 方法
2.call() 可以返回值, 而 run()方法不能返回。
3.call() 可以拋出受檢查的異常,比如ClassNotFoundException, 而run()不能拋出受檢查的異常。
Callable示例如下:
class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String> {private int id;public TaskWithResult(int id) {this.id = id;}@Overridepublic String call() throws Exception {return "result of TaskWithResult " + id;} }public class CallableTest {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,ExecutionException {ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();ArrayList<Future<String>> results = new ArrayList<Future<String>>(); //Future 相當于是用來存放Executor執行的結果的一種容器for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {results.add(exec.submit(new TaskWithResult(i)));}for (Future<String> fs : results) {if (fs.isDone()) {System.out.println(fs.get());} else {System.out.println("Future result is not yet complete");}}exec.shutdown();} }
執行結果
result of TaskWithResult 0
result of TaskWithResult 1
result of TaskWithResult 2
result of TaskWithResult 3
result of TaskWithResult 4
result of TaskWithResult 5
result of TaskWithResult 6
result of TaskWithResult 7
result of TaskWithResult 8
result of TaskWithResult 9
Runnable示例:
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public class LiftOff implements Runnable {protected int countDown = 10;private static int taskCount = 0;private final int id = taskCount++;public LiftOff() {}public LiftOff(int countDown) {this.countDown = countDown;}public String status() {return "#" + id + "(" + (countDown > 0 ? countDown : "LiftOff! ") + ")";}@Overridepublic void run() {while (countDown-- > 0) {System.out.print(status());Thread.yield();}System.out.println();}public static void main(String[] args) {ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {exec.execute(new LiftOff());}exec.shutdown();} }執行結果
#0(9)#0(8)#0(7)#0(6)#0(5)#0(4)#0(3)#0(2)#0(1)#0(LiftOff! )
#1(9)#1(8)#1(7)#1(6)#1(5)#1(4)#1(3)#1(2)#1(1)#1(LiftOff! )
#2(9)#2(8)#2(7)#2(6)#2(5)#2(4)#2(3)#2(2)#2(1)#2(LiftOff! )
#3(9)#3(8)#3(7)#3(6)#3(5)#3(4)#3(3)#3(2)#3(1)#3(LiftOff! )
#4(9)#4(8)#4(7)#4(6)#4(5)#4(4)#4(3)#4(2)#4(1)#4(LiftOff! )
注意ExecutorService 在Callable中使用的是submit(), 在Runnable中使用的是 execute()
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