exp是oracle的邏輯備份，是將數據庫中的數據導出到二進制數據庫文件。

exp的三種導出方式

1.表方式(T方式)，將指定表的數據導出。

2.用戶方式(U方式)，將指定用戶的所有對象及數據導出。

3.全庫方式(Full方式)，數據庫中的所有對象導出。

[oracle@TEST admin]$ cat /backup/exp.sh

#!/bin/sh

export currentTime=`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S"`

export ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4"

export DIR="/backup"

#export serviceName=test

echo

echo -begin-

echo $currentTime

#touch /backup/$currentTime

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/exp hscmp/hscmp ?owner=\(hscmp, scott\) file=$DIR/$currentTime.dmp log=$DIR/$currentTime.log buffer=104857600

#1>/dev/null 2>&1

pwd

echo "-end-"

exp userid=用戶名/密碼 owner=\(用戶1，用戶2\) file=導出路徑/文件名.dmp log=導出路徑/文件名.log

buffer=數據緩沖區大小

[oracle@TEST backup]$ ./exp.sh

-begin-

2017-01-09_23:10:07

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jan 9 23:10:07 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. ?All rights reserved.

EXP-00056: ORACLE error 12504 encountered

ORA-12504: TNS:listener was not given the SERVICE_NAME in CONNECT_DATA

EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully

/backup

-end-

找不到service_name，因為是本地導出，開啟本地監聽后，不需要加@servicename

[oracle@TEST admin]$ cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)

(SID_NAME = test)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.9.40)(PORT = 1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

導出過程中報錯

EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion)可能字符集轉換

原來是導出的字符集與oracle的字符集不一樣

1、查看database中的NLS_CHARACTERSET的值

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters t where t.parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

PARAMETERVALUE

------------------- ?---------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSETAL32UTF8

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters t where t.parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

PARAMETERVALUE

------------------- ---------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSET AL32UTF8

2、根據第一步查出來的NLS_CHARACTERSET(即ZHS16GBK)來設定

windows環境：cmd > set NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

linux環境：Shell > export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

EXP-00010: READHSCMP is not a valid username

沒有readhscmp這個用戶 后來添加上scott用戶

總結

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