Android与服务器端数据交互(基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice)
轉自:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangdongzi/archive/2011/04/19/2020688.html
上一節中我們通過http協議,采用HttpClient向服務器端action請求數據。當然調用服務器端方法獲取數據并不止這一種。WebService也可以為我們提供所需數據,
那么什么是webService呢?,它是一種基于SAOP協議的遠程調用標準,通過webservice可以將不同操作系統平臺,不同語言,不同技術整合到一起。
? 我們在PC機器java客戶端中,需要一些庫,比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等來支持訪問WebService,但是這些庫并不適合我們資源有限的android手機客戶端,做過JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP這個第三方的類庫,可以幫助我們獲取服務器端webService調用,當然KSOAP已經提供了基于android版本的jar包了,那么我們就開始吧:
首先下載KSOAP包:ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包
然后新建android項目:并把下載的KSOAP包放在android項目的lib目錄下:右鍵->build path->configure build path--選擇Libraries,如圖:
以下分為七個步驟來調用WebService方法:
第一:實例化SoapObject 對象,指定webService的命名空間(從相關WSDL文檔中可以查看命名空間),以及調用方法名稱。如:
View Code //命名空間 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//調用方法(獲得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);第二步:假設方法有參數的話,設置調用方法參數
request.addProperty("參數名稱","參數值");
第三步:設置SOAP請求信息(參數部分為SOAP協議版本號,與你要調用的webService中版本號一致):
View Code //獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;第四步:注冊Envelope,
(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
第五步:構建傳輸對象,并指明WSDL文檔URL:
View Code //請求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx"; //Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;第六步:調用WebService(其中參數為1:命名空間+方法名稱,2:Envelope對象):
View Code transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);第七步:解析返回數據:
View Code if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());}/*************** 解析XML* @param str* @return*/private static List<String> parse(String str){String temp;List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();if(str!=null && str.length()>0){int start=str.indexOf("string");int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");temp=str.substring(start, end-3);String []test=temp.split(";");for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){if(i==0){temp=test[i].substring(7);}else{temp=test[i].substring(8);}int index=temp.indexOf(",");list.add(temp.substring(0, index));}}return list;}這樣就成功啦。那么現在我們就來測試下吧,這里有個地址提供webService天氣預報的服務的,我這里只提供獲取城市列表:
View Code //命名空間private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//請求URLprivate static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";//調用方法(獲得支持的城市)private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//調用城市的方法(需要帶參數)private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";//調用省或者直轄市的方法(獲得支持的省份或直轄市)private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";?然后你可以在瀏覽器中輸入地址(WSDL):serviceURL,你會看到一些可供調用的方法:
?我們選擇獲取國內外主要城市或者省份的方法吧:getSupportProvice,然后調用,你會發現瀏覽器返回給我們的是xml文檔:
View Code <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"><string>直轄市</string> <string>特別行政區</string> <string>黑龍江</string> <string>吉林</string> <string>遼寧</string> <string>內蒙古</string> <string>河北</string> <string>河南</string> <string>山東</string> <string>山西</string> <string>江蘇</string> <string>安徽</string> <string>陜西</string> <string>寧夏</string> <string>甘肅</string> <string>青海</string> <string>湖北</string> <string>湖南</string> <string>浙江</string> <string>江西</string> <string>福建</string> <string>貴州</string> <string>四川</string> <string>廣東</string> <string>廣西</string> <string>云南</string> <string>海南</string> <string>新疆</string> <string>西藏</string> <string>臺灣</string> <string>亞洲</string> <string>歐洲</string> <string>非洲</string> <string>北美洲</string> <string>南美洲</string> <string>大洋洲</string> </ArrayOfString>我們可以用 listview來顯示:
那么下面我將給出全部代碼:
View Code public class WebServiceHelper {//WSDL文檔中的命名空間 private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//WSDL文檔中的URL private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";//需要調用的方法名(獲得本天氣預報Web Services支持的洲、國內外省份和城市信息) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";//需要調用的方法名(獲得本天氣預報Web Services支持的城市信息,根據省份查詢城市集合:帶參數) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//根據城市或地區名稱查詢獲得未來三天內天氣情況、現在的天氣實況、天氣和生活指數 private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";/********* 獲得州,國內外省份和城市信息* @return*/public List<String> getProvince(){List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>();String str="";SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);//request.addProperty("參數", "參數值");調用的方法參數與參數值(根據具體需要可選可不選) SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try {httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();//下面對結果進行解析,結構類似json對象//str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString(); int count=result.getPropertyCount();for(int index=0;index<count;index++){provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return provinces;}/*********** 根據省份或者直轄市獲取天氣預報所支持的城市集合* @param province* @return*/public List<String> getCitys(String province){List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);try {httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();int count=result.getPropertyCount();for(int index=0;index<count;index++){citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return citys;}/**************************** 根據城市信息獲取天氣預報信息* @param city* @return***************************/public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//調用的方法參數與參數值(根據具體需要可選可不選) SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.dotNet=true;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request; AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL); try {httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();//下面對結果進行解析,結構類似json對象 bean=parserWeather(result);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} return bean;}/*** 解析返回的結果* @param soapObject*/protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();//城市名 bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());//城市簡介 bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());//天氣實況+建議 bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString());//其他數據//日期, String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();//--------------------------------------------------- String weatherToday="今天:" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherToday+="\n天氣:"+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherToday+="\n氣溫:"+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();weatherToday+="\n風力:"+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();weatherToday+="\n";List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map);//------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();String weatherTomorrow="明天:" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherTomorrow+="\n天氣:"+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherTomorrow+="\n氣溫:"+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();weatherTomorrow+="\n風力:"+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();weatherTomorrow+="\n";icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map);//-------------------------------------------------------------- map=new HashMap<String,Object>(); date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天:" + date.split(" ")[0]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天氣:"+ date.split(" ")[1]; weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n氣溫:"+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n風力:"+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString())); icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);map.put("icons",icons);list.add(map); //-------------------------------------------------------------- bean.setList(list);return bean;}//解析圖標字符串 private int parseIcon(String data){// 0.gif,返回名稱0, int resID=32;String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();// String []icon=data.split(".");// String result=icon[0].trim();// Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim()); if(!result.equals("nothing")){resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());}return resID;//return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0]; } }以及幫助類:
View Code public class WebServiceUtil {//命名空間 private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";//請求URL private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";//調用方法(獲得支持的城市) private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";//調用城市的方法(需要帶參數) private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";//調用省或者直轄市的方法(獲得支持的省份或直轄市) private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";/************** @return城市列表*************/public static List<String> getCityList(){//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);//獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);//Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;//調用 try {transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();}return null;}public static List<String> getProviceList(){//實例化SoapObject對象 SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);//獲得序列化的Envelope SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);envelope.bodyOut=request;(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);//Android傳輸對象 AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);transport.debug=true;//調用 try {transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){return null;}} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace();}return null;} /************** @param cityName* @return*************/public static String getWeather(String cityName){return "";}/*************** 解析XML* @param str* @return*/private static List<String> parse(String str){String temp;List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();if(str!=null && str.length()>0){int start=str.indexOf("string");int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");temp=str.substring(start, end-3);String []test=temp.split(";");for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){if(i==0){temp=test[i].substring(7);}else{temp=test[i].substring(8);}int index=temp.indexOf(",");list.add(temp.substring(0, index));}}return list;}/********** 獲取天氣* @param soapObject*/private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){//String date=soapObject.getProperty(6); } }以上就是我所作的查詢天氣預報的全部核心代碼了,讀者可以根據注釋以及本文章了解下具體實現,相信很快就搞明白了,運行結果如下:
?到此結束,下一節主要是socket通信了。
?
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