?

實驗拓撲：

實驗步驟： 配置FR幀中繼： FR(config)#frame-relay switching FR(config)#in FR(config)#interface s1/2 FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce FR(config-if)# FR(config-if)# FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface s1/3 201 FR(config-if)# 00:04:22: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to down FR(config-if)#exit FR(config)#in FR(config)#interface s1/3 FR(config-if)#no shu FR(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay FR(config-if)#frame-relay intf-type dce FR(config-if)#frame-relay route 201 interface s1/2 102 FR(config-if)#exit 00:05:35: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/3, changed state to down FR(config)# ? R2和R3的配置： R2(config)#interface s1/2 R2(config-if)#no shu 00:07:02: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up 00:07:03: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up R2(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)# R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay R2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 21.1.1.2 102 b R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#in R2(config)#interface lo0 R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)# R2(config)#router os 100 R2(config-router)#router??? R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 R2(config-router)#net 21.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 a 8 R2(config-router)#net R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 a 8 R2(config-router)#exit ? ? R3(config)#interface s1/3 R3(config-if)#no shu R3(config-if)# R3(config-if)#ip add 21.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)# 00:08:32: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/3, changed state to down R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay R3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 21.1.1.1 201 b R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface lo0 R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#router os 100 R3(config-router)#router R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 a 8 R3(config-router)#net 21.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 a 8 R3(config-router)#exit ? 第一種默認為：Non_Broadcast 在R2上show ip ospf neighbor，發現沒有鄰居。說明在這種情況下鄰居需要手動配置！配置如下： R2(config)#router os 100 R2(config-router)#ne R2(config-router)#nei R2(config-router)#neighbor 21.1.1.2 R2(config-router)#exit ? ? R3(config)#router os 100 R3(config-router)#nei R3(config-router)#neighbor 21.1.1.1 00:18:02: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial1/3 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done R3(config-router)#neighbor 21.1.1.1 R3(config-router)#exit

發現有DR和BDR的選舉，DR為R3

R3(config)# R3(config)#exit ? R2#show ip ospf nei ? Neighbor ID???? Pri?? State?????????? Dead Time?? Address???????? Interface 3.3.3.3?? ????????1??FULL/DR????????00:01:49??? 21.1.1.2??????? Serial1/2 ? ? R2#show ip ospf interface Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 8

?

默認情況

?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 ?Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host Serial1/2 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 21.1.1.1/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64 ?Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 ?Designated Router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 21.1.1.2 ?Backup Designated router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 21.1.1.1 ?Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5 ??? Hello due in 00:00:04 ?Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 ?Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) ?Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 ?Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec ?Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 ??? Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3?(Designated Router) ?Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) ? 第二種Point-to-Multipoint（Non_Broadcast） 在R2和R3上修改類型： R2(config)#interface s1/2 R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast ? R3(config)#interface s1/3 R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast

?R2#show ip ospf nei

Neighbor ID???? Pri?? State?????????? Dead Time?? Address???????? Interface

3.3.3.3?????????? 1?? FULL/?-??????? 00:01:45??? 21.1.1.2??????? Serial1/2 ?這種類型也需手動指定鄰居，但沒有DR和BDR的選舉 R2#show ip ospf interface Serial1/2 is up, line protocol is up ??Internet Address 21.1.1.1/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, Cost: 64 ?Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, ?Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5 ??? Hello due in 00:00:00 ?Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 ?Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) ?Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 ?Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec ?Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 ??? Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 ?Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 ?Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host ? 第三種廣播(broadcast) ? 刪除R2和R3上的鄰居，并修改網絡類型為broadcast
R2(config)#router ospf 100

說明廣播型不要手動指定鄰居，會自動學習。

R2(config-router)#no neighbor 21.1.1.2 R2(config)#interface s1/2 R2(config-if)#ip ospf network broadcast R2(config)# R2(config)# 00:48:26: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 3.3.3.3 on Serial1/2 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done R2(config)# ? R3(config)#router ospf 100 R3(config-router)#no neighbor 21.1.1.1 R3(config-router)#exit R3(config)#interface s1/3 R3(config-if)#ip ospf network broadcast R3(config-if)# 00:45:56: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial1/3 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done ? R2#show ip ospf nei ? Neighbor ID???? Pri?? State?????????? Dead Time?? Address???????? Interface 3.3.3.3 ??????????1??FULL/BDR??????? 00:00:33??? 21.1.1.2??????? Serial1/2

有DR和BDR的選舉

?R2#show ip ospf in R2#show ip ospf interface Serial1/2 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 21.1.1.1/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 64 ??Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 ?Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 21.1.1.1 ?Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 21.1.1.2 ?Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 ??? Hello due in 00:00:00 ?Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 ?Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) ?Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 ?Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec ?Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 ??? Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3?(Backup Designated Router) ?Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 ?Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host ? 第四種Point-to-Point 在R2和R3上修改網絡類型為Point-to-Point R3(config)#interface s1/3 R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-p ? R2(config)#interface s1/2 R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point ?查看 R2#show ip ospf nei ? Neighbor ID???? Pri ??State?????????? Dead Time?? Address???????? Interface

說明這種類型不需要手動指定鄰居，但沒有DR和BDR的選舉

3.3.3.3?????????? 1?? FULL/?-??????? 00:00:38??? 21.1.1.2??????? Serial1/2 R2#show ip ospf in R2#show ip ospf interface Serial1/2 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 21.1.1.1/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64 ?Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT, ?Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 ??? Hello due in 00:00:01 ?Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 ?Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) ?Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 ?Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec ?Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 ??? Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 ?Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 ?Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host ? 第五種Point-to-Multipoint 在R2和R3上修改網絡類型為Point-to-Multipoint R2(config)#interface s1/2 R2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint R2(config-if)# R2(config-if)# 01:08:23: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 3.3.3.3 on Serial1/2 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done ?

說明不需手動指定鄰居。

R3(config)#interface s1/3 R3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-multipoint R3(config-if)# R3(config-if)# 01:05:52: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial1/3 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done、 ?

沒有DR 和BDR的選舉

R2上查看 R2#show ip ospf nei ? Neighbor ID???? Pri?? State?????????? Dead Time?? Address???????? Interface 3.3.3.3?????????? 1?? FULL/?-??????? 00:01:35??? 21.1.1.2??????? Serial1/2 R2#show ip ospf in R2#show ip ospf interface Serial1/2 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 21.1.1.1/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, Cost: 64 ?Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, ?Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5 ??? Hello due in 00:00:25 ?Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 ?Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) ?Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 ?Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec ?Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 ??? Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 ?Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up ?Internet Address 2.2.2.2/24, Area 8 ?Process ID 100, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 ?Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/1289850/475032

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